Pro Java ME MMAPI: Mobile Media API for Java Micro Edition

286 Pages·2006·2.83 MB·English

by  Vikram Goyal

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Pro Java ME MMAPI
Mobile Media API for
Java Micro Edition
Vikram Goyal
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Pro Java ME MMAPI: Mobile Media API for Java Micro Edition
Copyright © 2006 by Vikram Goyal
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
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ISBN-13: 978-1-59059-639-5
ISBN-10: 1-59059-639-0
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In loving memory of my Papa,who would go to the ends of the Earth
to find that one particular book.This one is for you.
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Contents at a Glance
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
About the Technical Reviewer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
■ CHAPTER 1 Introducing Mobile Media API (MMAPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
■ CHAPTER 2 MMAPI Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
■ CHAPTER 3 Getting Started with MMAPI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
■ CHAPTER 4 Media Player Lifecycle and Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
■ CHAPTER 5 Accessing Media Over the Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
■ CHAPTER 6 Creating and Playing Tones Using ToneControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
■ CHAPTER 7 Managing MIDI Using MIDIControl,TempoControl,and
PitchControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
■ CHAPTER 8 Working with Audio and Video. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
■ CHAPTER 9 Case Study:Device Blogging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
■ APPENDIX A Mobile Media API (MMAPI) Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
■ APPENDIX B URI Syntax for Media Locators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
■ APPENDIX C Advanced Multimedia Supplements—JSR 234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
■ INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
v
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Contents
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
About the Technical Reviewer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
■ CHAPTER 1 Introducing Mobile Media API (MMAPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
What Is Mobile Media API (MMAPI)? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
MMAPI Features and Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
How Do I Get MMAPI?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
How Does MMAPI Fit with MIDP 2.0? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Who Supports MMAPI?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
■ CHAPTER 2 MMAPI Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Understanding Players and DataSources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DataSource Basics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Player Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Understanding the Manager Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Creating Player Instances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Creating Player Instances for MIDI and Tone Sounds . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Supported Protocols and Content Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Understanding Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
The MIDP 2.0 Subset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Feature Set Implementations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Security Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
■ CHAPTER 3 Getting Started with MMAPI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
A Simple Multimedia Player. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Creating a Functional Player. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Writing the Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Improving AudioPlayerCanvas:Caching Player Instances. . . . . . . . . 29
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
vii
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viii ■ CONTENTS
■ CHAPTER 4 Media Player Lifecycle and Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Exploring the Different Player States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
UNREALIZED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
REALIZED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
PREFETCHED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
STARTED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
CLOSED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Responding to Player Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Understanding the Event Delivery Mechanism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Creating an Event Handling Class. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Handling a Custom Event. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
■ CHAPTER 5 Accessing Media Over the Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Understanding Threads in Java ME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Understanding Permissions for Network Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Putting It Together. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
■ CHAPTER 6 Creating and Playing Tones Using ToneControl. . . . . . . . . . . 73
Understanding Synthetic Tones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Understanding Note,Pitch,and Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Using a MMAPI Formula to Calculate Note Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Using the playTone() Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Using Tone Sequences with ToneControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Defining Tone Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Playing Sequences Using ToneControl and Player. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Distributing Tone Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
■ CHAPTER 7 Managing MIDI Using MIDIControl,TempoControl,
and PitchControl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Understanding MIDI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Understanding the MIDI Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Storing and Distributing MIDI Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
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■ CONTENTS ix
Using MIDI in MMAPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Playing MIDI Without MIDIControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Playing MIDI with MIDIControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
■ CHAPTER 8 Working with Audio and Video. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Querying the Capabilities of Your Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Understanding Media Encodings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
A Brief Overview of Sampled Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Storing Sampled Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Controlling Sampled Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Setting Preset Stop Times with StopTimeControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Gathering Information Using MetaDataControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Mixing Sampled Audio,MIDI,and Tones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Capturing Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Timed Capture and Playback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Controlled Capture and Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Saving Captured Audio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Capturing Audio from Existing Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Working with Video. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Displaying Video. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Positioning Video and Controlling Volume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Capturing Video and Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Seeking Video Frames with FramePositioningControl. . . . . . . . . . . 181
Streaming Media. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
■ CHAPTER 9 Case Study: Device Blogging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
About the Companion Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
The Finished MIDlet in Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
MIDlet Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Registering with the Device Blog Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Logging in to Device Blog Web Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Creating and Posting Blog Entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Creating the MIDlet Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
The Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
The View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
The Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197