Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2008

441 Pages·2008·7.22 MB·English

by  Philippe Besnard

COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF ARGUMENT
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Computational Models of Argument
Proceedings of COMMA 2008
Edited by
Philippe Besnard
CNRS, IRIT, Université Toulouse 3, France
Sylvie Doutre
IRIT, Université Toulouse 1, France
and
Anthony Hunter
Department of Computer Science, University College London, UK
Amsterdam • Berlin • Oxford • Tokyo • Washington, DC
© 2008 The authors and IOS Press.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher.
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Computational Models of Argument v
Ph. Besnard et al. (Eds.)
IOS Press, 2008
© 2008 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved.
Preface
Modelsofargumentation,thattakeprosandconsforsomeconclusionintoaccount,
have been extensively studied over a number of years, and some basic principles have
now been clearly established. More recently, there has been interest in computational
modelsofargumentationwheretheaimistodevelopsoftwaretoolstoassistusersincon-
structing and evaluating arguments and counterarguments and/or to develop automated
systemsforconstructingandevaluatingargumentsandcounterarguments.
After the very successful First Conference on Computational Models of Argument
that was instigated by the members of the EU-funded ASPIC Project, and hosted by
theUniversityofLiverpoolinSeptember2006,thepapersinthisvolumeformthepro-
grammefortheSecondConferenceonComputationalModelsofArgumenthostedbythe
InstitutdeRechercheenInformatiquedeToulouse(IRIT)inMay2008.
The range of papers in the volume provides a valuable snapshot of the leading re-
searchquestionsintheareaofcomputationalmodelsofargument.Thisvolumeincludes
papers drawing on the wealth of research on the philosophical questions surrounding
the notions arising in argumentation, papers that are addressing knowledge representa-
tion and reasoning issues emerging from modelling argumentation, and papers that are
consideringappropriatemodelsofwiderrhetoricalissuesarisinginargumentation.This
volumealsoincludespapersthatareproposingandevaluatingalgorithmicsolutionsas-
sociated with generating and judging constellations of arguments, and papers that are
proposing standards for exchanging information associated with argumentation so that
different systems can work together. We are also pleased to include some papers that
reportpracticalworkingtoolsforcomputationalargumentation.
We would like to thank the programme committee who did an excellent job in se-
lecting the 37 papers in this volume from the 60 papers that were originally submit-
ted.WewouldalsoliketothanktheLocalOrganizationCommittee(i.e.LeilaAmgoud,
Claudette Cayrol, Véronique Debats, Marie-Christine Lagasquie-Schiex, Jérôme Men-
gin,LaurentPerrussel,andHenriPrade)forallthehardworktheyputintomakingthe
conferenceasuccess.
March2008
PhilippeBesnard(ConferenceChair)
SylvieDoutre(LocalOrganizationChair)
AnthonyHunter(ProgrammeChair)
vi
Programme Committee
LeilaAmgoud(CNRSToulouse) RonLoui(Washington)
PietroBaroni(Brescia) NicolasMaudet(Paris-Dauphine)
TrevorBench-Capon(Liverpool) PeterMcBurney(Liverpool)
GerhardBrewka(Leipzig) JérômeMengin(Toulouse)
SimonBuckinghamShum(OpenUniv.) SanjayModgil(King’sCollegeLondon)
MartinCaminada(Luxembourg) TimNorman(Aberdeen)
ClaudetteCayrol(Toulouse) SimonParsons(CityUniv.ofNewYork)
CarlosChesñevar(Univ.NacionaldelSur) HenriPrade(CNRSToulouse)
SylvieCoste(Artois) HenryPrakken(Utrecht&Groningen)
PhanMinhDung(AsianInst.ofTechnologies) IyadRahwan(BritishUniv.inDubai)
PaulE.Dunne(Liverpool) ChrisReed(Dundee)
JohnFox(Oxford) GuillermoSimari(Univ.NacionaldelSur)
MassimilianoGiacomin(Brescia) FrancescaToni(ImperialCollegeLondon)
TomGordon(FraunhoferFOKUS) PaoloTorroni(Bologna)
FlorianaGrasso(Liverpool) BartVerheij(Groningen)
AntonisKakas(Cyprus) GerardVreeswijk(Utrecht)
GabrieleKern-Isberner(Dortmund) DougWalton(Winnipeg)
PaulKrause(Surrey) MichaelWooldridge(Liverpool)
vii
Contents
Preface v
Philippe Besnard, Sylvie Doutre and Anthony Hunter
Programme Committee vi
A Level-Based Approach to Computing Warranted Arguments in Possibilistic
Defeasible Logic Programming 1
Teresa Alsinet, Carlos Chesñevar and Lluís Godo
Measures for Persuasion Dialogs: A Preliminary Investigation 13
Leila Amgoud and Florence Dupin De Saint Cyr
Resolution-Based Argumentation Semantics 25
Pietro Baroni and Massimiliano Giacomin
A Systematic Classification of Argumentation Frameworks Where Semantics
Agree 37
Pietro Baroni and Massimiliano Giacomin
Asking the Right Question: Forcing Commitment in Examination Dialogues 49
Trevor J.M. Bench-Capon, Sylvie Doutre and Paul E. Dunne
Ontological Foundations for Scholarly Debate Mapping Technology 61
Neil Benn, Simon Buckingham Shum, John Domingue and Clara Mancini
Investigating Stories in a Formal Dialogue Game 73
Floris Bex and Henry Prakken
Modeling Persuasiveness: Change of Uncertainty Through Agents’ Interactions 85
Katarzyna Budzyńska, Magdalena Kacprzak and Paweł Rembelski
Cohere: Towards Web 2.0 Argumentation 97
Simon Buckingham Shum
On the Issue of Contraposition of Defeasible Rules 109
Martin Caminada
Political Engagement Through Tools for Argumentation 116
Dan Cartwright and Katie Atkinson
A Computational Model of Argumentation in Everyday Conversation:
A Problem-Centred Approach 128
Jean-Louis Dessalles
Towards Argumentation-Based Contract Negotiation 134
Phan Minh Dung, Phan Minh Thang and Francesca Toni
The Computational Complexity of Ideal Semantics I: Abstract Argumentation
Frameworks 147
Paul E. Dunne
viii
Focused Search for Arguments from Propositional Knowledge 159
Vasiliki Efstathiou and Anthony Hunter
Decision Rules and Arguments in Defeasible Decision Making 171
Edgardo Ferretti, Marcelo L. Errecalde, Alejandro J. García and
Guillermo R. Simari
Hybrid Argumentation and Its Properties 183
Dorian Gaertner and Francesca Toni
Requirements for Reflective Argument Visualization Tools: A Case for Using
Validity as a Normative Standard 196
Michael H.G. Hoffmann
Argumentation Using Temporal Knowledge 204
Nicholas Mann and Anthony Hunter
Strong and Weak Forms of Abstract Argument Defense 216
Diego C. Martínez, Alejandro J. García and Guillermo R. Simari
Basic Influence Diagrams and the Liberal Stable Semantics 228
Paul-Amaury Matt and Francesca Toni
Integrating Object and Meta-Level Value Based Argumentation 240
Sanjay Modgil and Trevor Bench-Capon
Applying Preferences to Dialogue Graphs 252
Sanjay Modgil and Henry Prakken
A Methodology for Action-Selection Using Value-Based Argumentation 264
Fahd Saud Nawwab, Trevor Bench-Capon and Paul E. Dunne
Semantics for Evidence-Based Argumentation 276
Nir Oren and Timothy J. Norman
Argument Schemes and Critical Questions for Decision Aiding Process 285
Wassila Ouerdane, Nicolas Maudet and Alexis Tsoukias
Arguments in OWL: A Progress Report 297
Iyad Rahwan and Bita Banihashemi
+
AIF : Dialogue in the Argument Interchange Format 311
Chris Reed, Simon Wells, Joseph Devereux and Glenn Rowe
Heuristics in Argumentation: A Game-Theoretical Investigation 324
Régis Riveret, Henry Prakken, Antonino Rotolo and Giovanni Sartor
Argument Theory Change: Revision Upon Warrant 336
Nicolás D. Rotstein, Martín O. Moguillansky, Marcelo A. Falappa,
Alejandro J. García and Guillermo R. Simari
Diagramming the Argument Interchange Format 348
Glenn Rowe and Chris Reed
Dungine: A Java Dung Reasoner 360
Matthew South, Gerard Vreeswijk and John Fox
ix
Agent Dialogue as Partial Uncertain Argumentation and Its Fixpoint Semantics 369
Takayoshi Suzuki and Hajime Sawamura
A Distributed Argumentation Framework Using Defeasible Logic Programming 381
Matthias Thimm and Gabriele Kern-Isberner
On the Relationship of Defeasible Argumentation and Answer Set Programming 393
Matthias Thimm and Gabriele Kern-Isberner
Arguments from Experience: The PADUA Protocol 405
Maya Wardeh, Trevor Bench-Capon and Frans Coenen
Modelling Judicial Context in Argumentation Frameworks 417
Adam Wyner and Trevor Bench-Capon
Author Index 429