Clinical Cases in Pigmentary Disorders PDF
Preview Clinical Cases in Pigmentary Disorders
Clinical Cases in Dermatology Series Editor: Robert A. Norman Torello Lotti Michael Tirant Davinder Parsad Editors Clinical Cases in Pigmentary Disorders Clinical Cases in Dermatology Series Editor Robert A. Norman Tampa, FL, USA This series of concise practical guides is designed to facilitate the clinical decision- making process by reviewing a number of cases and defining the various diagnostic and management decisions open to clinicians. Each title is illustrated and diverse in scope, enabling the reader to obtain relevant clinical information regarding both standard and unusual cases in a rapid, easy to digest format. Each focuses on one disease or patient group, and includes common cases to allow readers to know they are doing things right if they follow the case guidelines. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10473 Torello Lotti • Michael Tirant • Davinder Parsad Editors Clinical Cases in Pigmentary Disorders Editors Torello Lotti Michael Tirant Dermatology Dermatology University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi Rome Rome Italy Italy Davinder Parsad Department of Dermatology Department of Dermatology Hanoi Medical University Postgraduate Institute of Medical Hanoi Education and Research Vietnam Chandigarh India Clinical Cases in Dermatology ISBN 978-3-030-50822-7 ISBN 978-3-030-50823-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50823-4 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Contents 1 15-Year-Old Female with Palmar, Periorbital, Oral Mucosal, and Gingival Hyperpigmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Mahin Alamgir, Britney N. Wilson, Young Lee, and Babar Rao 2 A 5-Year-Old Boy with White Spots on His Trunk, Acne, and Pink Urine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Mahin Alamgir, Britney N. Wilson, and Babar Rao 3 A 58-Year-Old Male with Bronze Hyperpigmented Skin Over the Nape of the Neck and Extremities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Britney N. Wilson, Mahin Alamgir, and Babar Rao 4 Hypomelanotic Diffuse Macules in a 13 Years Old Boy . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Pierangela Rana and Fabio Arcangeli 5 White Maculo-papular Lesions in a 13-Year-Old Boy . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Annalisa Franch and Fabio Arcangeli 6 A 6-Year-Old Child with Patches of Discoloration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Seyyede Zeinab Azimi and Alireza Firooz 7 A 23-Year-Old Girl with White Hair from Birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Seyyede Zeinab Azimi and Alireza Firooz 8 A Patient with Acrofacial Depigmentation and Chronic Fatigue . . . . 29 Mirna Šitum, Vedrana Bulat, Maja Kovačević, and Andy Goren 9 Erythematous Spot in a Young Female Patient with Generalised Hypopigmentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Mirna Šitum, Vedrana Bulat, Maja Kovačević, and Andy Goren 10 Progressive Reticulated Pigmentation of the Folds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Katerina Damevska, Anastasiya Atanasova Chokoeva, Ivana Dohcheva Karajovanov, and Anita Najdova v vi Contents 11 Multiple Café-Au-Lait Macules Since Birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Xue-Gang Xu, Ya-Xin Guo, and Xing-Hua Gao 12 A Teenager with Sudden and Localized Hair Graying . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Özgür Gündüz 13 A Middle-Aged Female with Hyperpigmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Johannes F. Dayrit, Maria Juliet Enriquez-Macarayo, and Evangeline B. Handog 14 Generalized Mottled Hyperpigmentation in a 28-Year-Old Filipino Woman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Johannes F. Dayrit, Maria Juliet Enriquez-Macarayo, and Evangeline B. Handog 15 A Young Man with Pigmentation on the Tongue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Marta Kurzeja, Małgorzata Olszewska, and Lidia Rudnicka 16 Larval Secretions and Dark Facial Spots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Zekayi Kutlubay, N. Deniz Esin, Defne Özkoca, Ümit Türsen, and Erdal Polat 17 Dark Facial Spots and Rash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Lawrence Chukwudi Nwabudike and Alin Laurentiu Tatu 18 The Dermatologist’s Fingernail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Lawrence Chukwudi Nwabudike, Alin Laurentiu Tatu, Diana Sabina Radaschin, and Valeriu Ardeleanu 19 A Young Female with Hyperpigmentation on Face Showed Few Weeks Before Visit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Sudip Parajuli, Upama Paudel, Anil Kumar Das, and Dinesh Binod Pokhrel 20 A Six-Year Boy with Hypopigmented Lesions on the Neck, Retroauricullary, and on the Lateral Face . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Asja Prohic 21 Homogenous Black Pigmented Lesion of the Fifth Toe . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Alin Laurentiu Tatu, Diana Sabina Radaschin, Florin Ciprian Bujoreanu, and Lawrence Chukwudi Nwabudike 22 Piperine Extract and White Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Alin Laurentiu Tatu, Bianca Mihaila, Rodica Dinica, Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia, Diana Sabina Radaschin, and Lawrence Chukwudi Nwabudike 23 Repigmentation of Palpebral White Patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Diana Sabina Radaschin, Alin Laurentiu Tatu, Lawrence Chukwudi Nwabudike, and Valeriu Ardeleanu Contents vii 24 A Case of Dark Spots in a 57-Year-old Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Nguyen Van Thuong, Le Huu Doanh, and Michael Tirant 25 A Challenging Variant of Hyperpigmentary Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Nguyen Van Thuong, Le Huu Doanh, and Michael Tirant 26 A Child with Hypopigmented Patches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 27 A Woman with Facial Hypopigmented Macules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Nguyen Van Thuong, Le Huu Doanh, and Michael Tirant 28 A Woman with Progressive Diffuse Symmetric Hyper and Hypopigmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 29 A Young Woman with Facial Hyperpigmented Macules . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 30 Asymptomatic Hyperpigmentation Without Preceding Inflammation in a Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 31 Brown Patches in a 51-Year-Old Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Nguyen Van Thuong, Le Huu Doanh, and Michael Tirant 32 Dyschromatosis in a 23-Year-Old Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 33 Facial Hypopigmentation in a Vietnamese Woman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Van Thuong, and Michael Tirant 34 An Elderly Masked Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Yasemin Yuyucu Karabulut, Gözde Arslan, Ahmet Çelik, and Ümit Türsen 35 Hyperpigmented Plaques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Emin Gündüz, Ümit Türsen, and Yasemin Yuyucu Karabulut 36 A Painful White Streak on the Leg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Uwe Wollina 37 A Pruritic Erythematous Rash After Childbirth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Uwe Wollina 38 A Reddish-Brownish Pruriginous Plaque on the Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Uwe Wollina 39 Fever and Generalized Erythema with Multiple Macular Hypopigmentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Uwe Wollina viii Contents 40 Multiple Macular Hypopigmentations on the Lower Legs . . . . . . . . . 185 Uwe Wollina 41 Painful Discoloured Great Toe of a Young Man . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Uwe Wollina 42 Reddish Brown Nodules and Plaques in an Elderly Man with Prostate Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Uwe Wollina 43 Whitish Translucent Papules and Plaques on Fingers and Palms . . . 197 Uwe Wollina 44 Yellowish Axillary Hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Uwe Wollina 45 Hypopigmented Facial Patches in a 44-Year-Old Female . . . . . . . . . . 205 Fariba Ghalamkarpour, Shirin Zaresharifi, and Zahra Asadi-Kani Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Chapter 1 15-Year-Old Female with Palmar, Periorbital, Oral Mucosal, and Gingival Hyperpigmentation Mahin Alamgir, Britney N. Wilson, Young Lee, and Babar Rao A 15-year-old Asian female presents to the emergency room due to a 4-month his- tory of increasing fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. She vomited between 3 and 12 times a day and displayed signs of dehydration due to her inability to tolerate oral intake. She also complained of a 12 lb weight loss despite no changes in diet and a sense of lightheadedness when she stands abruptly. She was diagnosed with alope- cia areata 2 years ago and was treated with monthly intralesional triamcinolone injections for 3 months. Physical examination of the scalp revealed three well-defined patches of hair loss without scarring. Further examination revealed hyperpigmentation of the area around the eyes, dorsa of the hands, palmar creases, buccal mucosa, oral cavity, and gingiva (Figs. 1.1 and 1.2). The patient reported this hyperpigmentation has wors- ened over the last year. Her temperature is 99.7 °F, pulse is 89/min, and blood pressure is 101/67 mmHg. Her pregnancy test came back negative, sodium level was 127 mEq/L, potassium was 5.6 mEql/L, thyroid-stimulating hormone was 4.2 μU/mL, AM cortisol was 1 μg/dL. Dermatology was consulted. What’s your diagnosis? M. Alamgir (*) · B. Rao Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA B. N. Wilson New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA Y. Lee Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 1 T. Lotti et al. (eds.), Clinical Cases in Pigmentary Disorders, Clinical Cases in Dermatology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50823-4_1
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