Worlds of Difference PDF
Preview Worlds of Difference
SSIS SERIES How can differences be understood in social theory through comparisons, and how should social theory relate to regional studies to do so? W This question has been prevalent within the sociological field for over a century, but is becoming increasingly important in a globalised age in which cultural borders are o Worlds constantly challenged and rapidly changing. In this collection, Arjomand and Reis r l illuminate the importance of exploring spatial, cultural and intellectual differences d beyond generalizations, attempting to understand diversity in itself as it takes shape s across the world. With contributions from internationally renowned scholars, and a of Difference o focussed emphasis upon sociological key themes such as modernization, secularism, f citizenship, human rights, inequality and domination, this title provides a rich and D convincing discussion that will add significant value to the ongoing debate about i alternative modernities, diversity and change within the social sciences. f f e Worlds of Difference constitutes an important and timely collection that will be a great r e inspiration for students and scholars alike. n Saïd Amir Arjomand c is Distinguished Service Professor of Sociology and e Director of the Stony Brook Institute for Global Studies at Stony Brook University, USA. Elisa Reis is Professor of Political Sociology at the Federal University of Rio Ed Saïd Amir Arjomand ite Edited by de Janeiro, Brazil. d b y A Elisa Reis r j o m a n d a n d R e i s ISBN-13: 978-1-4462-7532-0 SSIS SERIES SAGE StudIES In IntERnAtIonAl SocIoloGy Cover image © Shutterstock | Cover design by Wendy Scott arjomand & reis_worlds_ PPC.indd 1,3 17/05/2013 16:16 arjomand & reis_worlds_ PPC.indd 7 12/06/2013 11:07 SAGE STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL SOCIOLOGY Series Editor (2010–ongoing) Sujata Patel, Professor of Sociology at University of Hyderabad, India :61 arjomand & reis_worlds_ PPC.indd 8 12/06/2013 11:07 :61 arjomand & reis_worlds_ PPC.indd 8 12/06/2013 11:07 SAGE Publications Ltd All Editorial Matters © Saïd Amir Arjomand and 1 Oliver’s Yard Elisa Reis 2013 55 City Road Chapter 1 © Saïd Amir Arjomand 2013 London EC1Y 1SP Chapter 2 © Sujata Patel 2013 Chapter 3 © Raewyn Connell 2013 SAGE Publications Inc. Chapter 4 © Petya Kabakchieva and 2455 Teller Road Pepka Boyadjieva 2013 Thousand Oaks, California 91320 Chapter 5 © Rajeev Bhargava 2013 Chapter 6 © Farhad Khosrokhavar 2013 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd Chapter 7 © Adam Habib and Kristina Bentley B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area 2013 Mathura RoadA Chapter 8 © Elisa Reis 2013 New Delhi 110 044 Chapter 9 © Conor Cradden and Lucio Baccaro 2013 SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd Chapter 10 © Bryan S. Turner 2013 3 Church Street Chapter 11 © Volker Schmidt 2013 #10-04 Samsung Hub Singapore 049483 First published 2013 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning Editor: Chris Rojek reproduction outside those terms should be sent Editorial assistant: Martine Jonsrud to the publishers. Production editor: Sushant Nailwal Copyeditor: Archita Mandal Proofreader: Nand Kumar Jha Marketing manager: Michael Ainsley Cover design: Wendy Scott Typeset by: Tantla Composition Services Pvt Ltd, Chandigarh, India Printed in India by Replika Press Library of Congress Control Number: 2012952478 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-4462-7229-9 ISBN 978-1-4462-7532-0 (pbk) Contents List of Tables vii About the Contributors viii Acknowledgments xv Introduction to Worlds of Difference 1 Saïd Amir Arjomand and Elisa Reis PART I ONE OR MANY MODERNITIES? 13 1 Multiple Modernities and the Promise of Comparative Sociology 15 Saïd Amir Arjomand 2 Are the Theories of Multiple Modernities Eurocentric? The Problem of Colonialism and Its Knowledge(s) 40 Sujata Patel 3 The Shores of the Southern Ocean: Steps Toward a World Sociology of Modernity, with Australian Examples 58 Raewyn Connell 4 Conceptualizing Overlapping Modernities: A View from Post-communist Eastern Europe 73 Petya Kabakchieva and Pepka Boyadjieva 5 Forms of Secularity before Secularism: The political Morality of Ashoka and Akbar 94 Rajeev Bhargava 6 Two Types of Secularization: The Iranian Case 121 Farhad Khosrokhavar vi Contents PART II DEMOCRACY, CITIZENSHIP, INEQUALITIES AND THE CHALLENGE OF DIFFERENCE 155 7 R acial Redress, National Identity and Citizenship in Post-Apartheid South Africa 157 Adam Habib and Kristina Bentley 8 D emocracy and the Challenge of Reconciling Equality and Difference 187 Elisa Reis 9 S uffrage without Citizenship? Deliberating about the Boundaries of the Demos in Geneva 207 Conor Cradden and Lucio Baccaro 10 C ontemporary Citizenship: Four Types 230 Bryan S. Turner 11 Gradual and Categorical Inequalities 252 Volker H. Schmidt List of Tables Table 9.1 Impact of the mode of deliberation on preferences with respect to political rights and attitudes towards resident aliens 223 Table 9.2 Discussion topics by number and length of interventions 226 About the Contributors The Editors Saïd Amir Arjomand (Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1980) is Distinguished Service Professor of Sociology and Director of the Stony Brook Institute for Global Studies. He is the founder and President (1996–2002, 2005–2008) of the Association for the Study of Persianate Societies and Editor of its organ, Journal of Persianate Studies, and served as the editor of International Sociology, the journal of the International Sociological Association (1998– 2003) and Editor-in-Chief of Studies on Persianate Societies (2003–2005). He has been Fellow of St. Antony’s College, Oxford, 1982–1983, Member of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, 1984–1985, and Visiting Professor of Sociology and Development Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1989, the Sharpe Visiting Professor of Islamic Studies, the University of Chicago, 1993–1994, Member of the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in Social Sciences, 1998, the inaugural Crane Fellow and Visiting Professor of Public Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Princeton University, 2004–2005, and Carnegie Scholar, 2006–2008. He is the author of The Shadow of God and the Hidden Imam: Religion, Political Organization and Societal Change in Shi’ite Iran from the Beginning to l890 (The University of Chicago Press, l984), The Turban for the Crown: The Islamic Revolution in Iran (Oxford University Press, 1988), After Khomeini: Iran under his Successors (Oxford University Press, 2009) and the editor of several books, including Constitutionalism and Political Reconstruction (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2007), and Constitutional Politics in the Middle East (London: Hart Publishers, 2008), and The Rule of Law, Islam and Constitutional Politics in Egypt and Iran (with Nathan J. Brown, State University of New York Press, 2013). Elisa Reis is Professor of Political Sociology at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. She has taught as visiting professor at several Universities including the University of California at San Diego, Columbia University, MIT, and the Ludwig Maximilian Universität in Munich. Chair of the Interdisciplinary Research Network on Inequality (NIED), she has played many academic and institutional roles such as President of the National About the Contributors ix Association for the Social Sciences (ANPOCS), Secretary General of the Brazilian Sociological Society, elected member of the Executive Committee of the International Political Science Association and of the International Sociological Association. She is the author of more than one hundred articles published in Brazil and elsewhere. Her major research areas are processes of state and nation building, social inequality, and the changing patterns of interaction between the state, market and civil society under the impact of global processes. She is member of the Brazilian Academy of Science, and of the Academy of Science for the Developing World (TWAS). The Contributors Lucio Baccaro is a Professor of comparative macro sociology at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. Previously, he taught at Case Western Reserve University and MIT in the United States, and held senior research positions in the International Labour Organization. His research focuses on the political economy of employment relations and labor market institutions, as well as on the emergence of participatory and deliberative governance institutions. His work has appeared in various international journals in industrial relations, political science, and sociology, including the British Journal of Industrial Relations, Comparative Political Studies, Economic and Industrial Democracy, European Journal of Industrial Relations, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Industrial Relations, Industrial Relations Journal, International Organization, Politics & Society, Public Administration, Research in the Sociology of Work, Socio- Economic Review, World Politics, as well as elsewhere. Kristina Bentley is an independent researcher and Senior Research Associate of the Democratic Governance and Rights Unit (DGRU) in the Department of Public Law, University of Cape Town (UCT). She holds a Ph.D. in political theory, specialising in theories of rights, from the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom. Her current research focuses on gender, human rights and multiculturalism; race, identity and conflict; and emerging applications of human rights. She is the co-editor of Politikon, the official journal of the South African Association of Political Studies (SAAPS). In July 2012 she was elected to the Executive Committee of RC31 (Political Philosophy) of the International Political Science Association (IPSA). Rajeev Bhargava obtained his BA degree in Economics from the University of Delhi and M.Phil. and D.Phil. from Oxford University.
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