Table Of Content

W O O D W O R K I N G W I T H T O O L S , T E C H N I Q U E S & P R O J E C T S W O O D W O R K I N G W I T H H A N D TO O L S TOOL S, TECHNIQUES & PROJECTS EDITORS OF FINE WOODWORKING C © 2018 by The Taunton Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Pp THE TAUNTON PRESS, INC. 63 South Main Street, PO Box 5506 Newtown, CT 06470-5506 E-mail: [email protected] EDITOR: Christina Glennon COPY EDITOR: Candace B. Levy INDEXER: Jay Kreider JACKET/COVER DESIGN: Guido Caroti INTERIOR DESIGN: Carol Singer LAYOUT: Susan Lampe-Wilson Fine Woodworking® is a trademark of The Taunton Press, Inc., registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. The following names/manufacturers appearing in Woodworking with Hand Tools are trademarks: 3-in-One®, Auriou™, Bad Axe Tool Works™, Disston®, Eze-Lap™, Forstner®, Gramercy Tools®, iGaging®, Lee Valley Tools®, Lie-Nielsen®, Marples®, Masonite®, Robert Larson Company™, Sharpie®, Stanley®, Starrett®, Trend®, Tried & True™, Veritas®, WD-40® Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Taunton Press, author. Title: Woodworking with hand tools : tools, techniques & projects / editors of Fine Woodworking. Other titles: Fine woodworking. Description: Newtown, CT : Taunton Press, Inc., [2018] | Includes index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017050132 | ISBN 9781631869396 (print) | ISBN 9781631869747 (pdf format) | ISBN 9781631869761 (mobi format) Subjects: LCSH: Woodwork. | Woodworking tools. Classification: LCC TT185 .W664 2018 | DDC 684/.082--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017050132 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ABOUT YOUR SAFETY: Working wood is inherently dangerous. Using hand or power tools improperly or ignoring safety practices can lead to permanent injury or even death. Don’t try to perform operations you learn about here (or elsewhere) unless you’re certain they are safe for you. If something about an operation doesn’t feel right, don’t do it. Look for another way. We want you to enjoy the craft, so please keep safety foremost in your mind whenever you’re in the shop. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks to the authors, editors, art directors, copy editors, and other staff members of Fine Woodworking who contributed to the development of the chapters in this book. Contents INTRODUCTION 3 PART ONE Tools • Essential Hand-Tool Kit 5 • Combo Squares: Th e Basics and Beyond 12 • Every Woodworker Needs a Cutting Gauge 20 • Machinist’s Calipers 24 • Mastering the Card Scraper 30 • You Need a Cabinet Scraper 36 • 4 Planes for Joinery 40 • Get to Know Japanese Handplanes 48 • Turn Your Shoulder Plane into a Star Performer 58 • Got a Skew Chisel? 64 • Choosing and Using Japanese Chisels 67 • Setting Up Your New Japanese Chisel 74 • 4 Must-Have Handsaws 80 • Get Sharp the Diamond Way 84 PART TWO Techniques • Skill-Building Hand-Tool Exercises 92 • Do More with Your Block Plane 98 • Th ree Ways to Clamp a Drawer for Planing 104 • Saw Like an Old Pro 108 • 4 Chisel Tricks 116 • File Joints for a Perfect Fit 122 • Smooth Curves with Hand Tools 125 • MMaakkee tthhee SSppookkeesshhaavvee YYoouurr SSeeccrreett WWeeaappoonn 113311 • Create Your Own Scratch Stocks 139 • Make Custom Moldings 146 • Prep Rough Lumber with Hand Tools 115522 • Don’t Fear the Hand-Cut Dovetail 158 PART THREE Projects • Build Your Own Handsaw 175 • Custom Scrapers for Custom Work 186 • Make a Pair of Grooving Planes 191 • Shopmade Cutting Gauge 197 • 4 Bench Jigs for Handplanes 205 • Hand-Built Home for Hand Tools 213 • BBuuiilldd aa ThTh oorroouugghhbbrreedd SShhaavviinngg HHoorrssee 222211 CCoonnttrriibbuuttoorrss 223322 Credits 223333 Index 234 2 Introduction There’s been an emphatic upsurge in published in the pages of Fine Woodworking hand-tool woodworking in recent magazine, these expert makers invite you to years, and it’s easy to understand the bench as they explain the fundamentals why. Working wood with hand tools can be and fine points of working with hand tools. a pure pleasure: It’s an activity that combines The first third of the book explores the freehand shaping with precision joinery tools themselves, with investigations of and enjoyable exertion with self-expression. everything from scrapers and saws, cutting And all of that while you explore a material gauges and combination squares, to joinery that is aesthetically beguiling and aromatic planes and Japanese chisels, shoulder planes to boot. Some woodworkers have put their and skew chisels. The second third presents routers, tablesaws, and biscuit machines aside hand tool techniques, moving from explain favor of planes, chisels, and hand saws; nations of how to sharpen up fundamental others continue to rely on their machines and skills like chiseling, sawing, and planing, power tools but have shifted the balance in through to making your own moldings with their shops toward tools that work fine when a scratch stock and smoothing curves with a unplugged. spokeshave, and ending with an outstanding While hand-tool woodworking can be treatise on the handcut dovetail. Finally, the a delight, getting good at it takes time and third part provides complete project effort and, for many, much trial and error. instructions for making a selection of hand The only shortcut to mastery that I know of is tools by hand. a good teacher. Or seventeen. If you are drawn To take advantage of all this expertise, toward hand-tool woodworking—or are simply turn the page. By hand. already immersed in it—you’ll find this book an unparalleled resource. It brings together — Jonathan Binzen, contributions by masters of the craft who are Deputy Editor, Fine Woodworking also superb instructors. In pieces originally 3 PART ONE TOOL S 4 Essential Hand-Tool DAN FAIA Kit I’ve done all sorts of woodworking in my career, but hand tools have always played a large role. I cannot do my best work without them. Whether working in the big shop at North Bennet Street School, where I teach, using an equal balance of power and hand, or working in my home shop almost exclusively at the bench, my set of essential hand tools is surprisingly similar. While I was designing a compact tool rack recently, I gave serious thought to just which tools I rely on, the ones I reach for on a regular basis. Granted, I am a period furniture maker by trade, and I probably work with more curves and carving than the average woodworker. So you might be able to get away without a couple of the items on my list. And some woodworkers will want to add a block plane, for trimming small surfaces and making shaping cuts. I prefer to handle these tasks with the other tools in my kit, but the block plane can be very helpful. Layout Layout tools are the foundation for accurate work, helping me create precise joinery, angles, and curves. Th ey also serve as important references for squareness and fl atness. Th e combination square is the primary benchmark in the shop. A machinist-quality model is accurate and easy to read. Its many tasks include measuring workpieces, 5