What Is a Family? Answers from Early Modern Japan PDF
Preview What Is a Family? Answers from Early Modern Japan
Luminos is the Open Access monograph publishing program from UC Press. Luminos provides a framework for preserving and reinvigorating monograph publishing for the future and increases the reach and visibility of important scholarly work. Titles published in the UC Press Luminos model are published with the same high standards for selection, peer review, production, and marketing as those in our traditional program. www.luminosoa.org What Is a Family? The publisher and the University of California Press Foundation gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the Philip E. Lilienthal Imprint in Asian Studies, established by a major gift from Sally Lilienthal. This title is freely available in an Open Access edition with generous support from The Library of the University of California, Berkeley. What Is a Family? Answers from Early Modern Japan Edited by Mary Elizabeth Berry and Marcia Yonemoto UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advanc- ing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Oakland, California © 2019 by Mary Elizabeth Berry and Marcia Yonemoto This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses. Suggested citation: Berry, M. E. and Yonemoto, M. (eds). What Is a Family? Answers from Early Modern Japan. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/luminos.77 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Berry, Mary Elizabeth, 1947- editor. | Yonemoto, Marcia, 1964- editor. Title: What is a family? : answers from early modern Japan / edited by Mary Elizabeth Berry and Marcia Yonemoto. Description: Oakland, California : University of California Press, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index. | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses. Identifiers: LCCN 2019008998 (print) | LCCN 2019016499 (ebook) | ISBN 9780520974135 (ebook) | ISBN 9780520316089 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Families—Japan—History—Edo period, 1600-1868. | Japan—Social life and customs—1600-1868. | Japan—History—Tokugawa period, 1600-1868. Classification: LCC HQ681 (ebook) | LCC HQ681 .W43 2019 (print) | DDC 306.850952—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019008998 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Lists of Illustrations and Tables vii A Note to Readers ix Introduction 1 Mary Elizabeth Berry and Marcia Yonemoto PART ONE. NORMS: STEM STRUCTURES AND PRACTICES 21 1. The Language and Contours of Familial Obligation in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Japan 23 David Spafford 2. Adoption and the Maintenance of the Early Modern Elite: Japan in the East Asian Context 47 Marcia Yonemoto 3. Imagined Communities of the Living and the Dead: The Spread of the Ancestor-Venerating Stem Family in Tokugawa Japan 68 Fabian Drixler 4. Name and Fame: Material Objects as Authority, Security, and Legacy 109 Morgan Pitelka 5. Outcastes and Ie : The Case of Two Beggar Boss Associations 126 Maren Ehlers v vi Contents PART TWO. CASE STUDIES: STEM ADAPTATIONS AND THREATS 147 6. Governing the Samurai Family in the Late Edo Period 149 Luke Roberts 7. Fashioning the Family: A Temple, a Daughter, and a Wardrobe 174 Amy Stanley 8. Social Norms versus Individual Desire: Conventions and Unconventionality in the History of Hirata Atsutane’s Family 195 Anne Walthall 9. Family Trouble: Views from the Stage and a Merchant Archive 217 Mary Elizabeth Berry 10. Ideal Families in Crisis: Official and Fictional Archetypes at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century 239 David Atherton Appendix Suggestions for Further Reading 261 Contributors 267 Index 269 ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES ILLUSTRATIONS 3.1 Joint families and umbrella households in the villages of eastern Honshu, 1675–1699 and 1850–1872 74 3.2 The changing balance of household types in Sendai domain 76 3.3 The decline of joint families and umbrella households in eastern Honshu 77 3.4 The rise of the stem family in eastern Honshu 78 3.5 Japan-wide trends in tombstone dedications for commoners, 1500–1869 83 3.6 Regional trends in tombstone dedications, 1500–1869 84 3.7 The decline of split temple affiliations in eight villages in which they were especially common 87 3.8 Name inheritance in four villages in the Yamagata basin (Northeastern Japan) and two in Settsu Province (Kansai) 88 3.9 Married adopted sons in two parts of eastern Honshu, 1660–1869 90 3.10 Household continuity in the village of Niita in Nihonmatsu, 1720–1870 91 3.11 Timeline of the diffusion of various indicators of devotion to the stem household 93 3.12 Men aged 20–49 per household in 1880, by district and city 94 6.1 I nterior of the Teshima house viewed from the front, showing two low doorways (right and left) separating the back from the front of the house 153 6.2 The gravestone Fukuoka Shō and Fukuoka Yūji viewed from the side and the front 166 vii
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