Wetlands: Ecosystem Services, Restoration and Wise Use

325 Pages·2019·11.505 MB·English

by  Shuqing An, Jos T. A. Verhoeven

Ecological Studies 238
Shuqing An
Jos T. A. Verhoeven Editors
Wetlands:
Ecosystem
Services,
Restoration and
Wise Use
Ecological Studies
Analysis and Synthesis
Volume 238
Serieseditors
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Canberra,Australia
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(cid:129)
Shuqing An Jos T. A. Verhoeven
Editors
Wetlands: Ecosystem
Services, Restoration
and Wise Use
Editors
ShuqingAn JosT.A.Verhoeven
NanjingUniversity UtrechtUniversity
Nanjing,China Utrecht,TheNetherlands
ISSN0070-8356 ISSN2196-971X (electronic)
EcologicalStudies
ISBN978-3-030-14860-7 ISBN978-3-030-14861-4 (eBook)
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Preface
The chapters in this volume reflect the scientific highlights of the 10th INTECOL
InternationalWetlandsConference,heldinChangshu,People’sRepublicofChina,
fromSeptember19–24,2016.INTECOListheInternationalAssociationofEcology
and organizes these wetland conferences every four years. More than 1500profes-
sionalwetlandscientists(includingpractitionersandstudents)fromover72countries
have gathered in this meeting, representing a wide range of expertise in wetland
science, technology, engineering, policy, and management. The conference had a
strongfocusonwetlandecosystemservices,wetlandconservationandwiseuse,and
wetlandrestoration.Thehigh-qualitypresentationsandintensivenetworkingduring
the conference resulted in an atmosphere of co-creation among scientists and
practitioners from the Chinese government and from NGOs, among which are the
RamsarConvention,WetlandsInternational,theWorldWideFundforNature,and
the Society of Wetland Scientists. This high level of outreach from the scientific
communitytotheworldofpracticeandpolicyresultedinafinalresolutionunderthe
name“TheChangshuDeclarationonWetlands”(Turneretal.2017).
The chapters in this volume particularly reflect the new scientific information
underpinning the two most well-known wetland ecosystem services, i.e., water
quality improvement in agricultural catchments and the cooling effect on regional
andglobalclimate.Thereisalsomuchattentionforthelargerecentinvestmentsin
science and applications for wetland restoration and wise use, particularly in East
Asia.WetlandparksandevenWetlandvillageshavebeendesignedandconstructed
intheChangshuregionwhicharenowusedasexamplesforagriculturallandscapes
of China and beyond. There is also attention for conservation and wise use of
wetlands bordering the Yellow Sea, where an international collaboration of China,
theRepublicofKorea,andtheDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKoreahasresulted
innewcommonobjectives.
We trust that this Ecological Studies volume will be appreciated by academics,
students, andpractitioners inthe fieldofwetland ecology,management,and resto-
ration, as well as consultants and professionals working in conservation, wise use,
andenvironmentalpolicy.
v
vi Preface
We gratefully acknowledge the contributions to the peer review process by
AndrewBaldwin(UniversityofMaryland,USA),NickDavidson(Wigmore,UK),
Andy Herb (AlpineEco Denver, USA), Patrick Megonigal (SERC, Edgewater,
USA),CurtisRichardson(DukeUniversity,Durham,USA),andDennisWhigham
(SERC,Edgewater,USA).WealsothanktheGovernmentofthePeople’sRepublic
ofChina,NanjingUniversity,RamsarAdministrativeAuthorityofChina,Changshu
GovernmentandNanjingUniversityEcologicalResearchInstituteofChangshu,and
the other organizations for hosting, sponsoring, and contributing to the 10th
INTECOLInternationalWetlandsConference.
10thINTECOLInternationalWetlandsConference
Changshu,PRChina,September19–24,2016
Nanjing,China ShuqingAn
Utrecht,TheNetherlands JosVerhoeven
Reference
Turner RE, Verhoeven JTA, Grobicki A, Davis J, Liu SR, An SQ (2017) The
Changshu Declaration on Wetlands Final Resolution adopted at the 10th
INTECOL International Wetlands Conference, Changshu, People’s Republic of
China,19–24September2016.EcologicalEngineering101:1–2.https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.12.016
Contents
1 WetlandFunctionsandEcosystemServices:Implications
forWetlandRestorationandWiseUse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ShuqingAnandJosT.A.Verhoeven
PartI WetlandFunctionsandEcosystemServices
2 WetlandsasBiogeochemicalHotspotsAffectingWaterQuality
inCatchments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
MagnusLand,KarinTonderski,andJosT.A.Verhoeven
3 WetlandEffectsonGlobalClimate:Mechanisms,Impacts,
andManagementRecommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
ScottC.NeubauerandJosT.A.Verhoeven
4 WetlandsandForestsRegulateClimateviaEvapotranspiration. . . 63
PetraHesslerová,JanPokorný,HannaHuryna,andDavidHarper
PartII WetlandMechanisms,Threats,Conservation
andManagement
5 InvasivePlantsinCoastalWetlands:PatternsandMechanisms. . . 97
LuzhenChen
6 TidalForestedWetlands:Mechanisms,Threats,andManagement
Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
ThomasWilliams,DevendraAmatya,WilliamConner,Sudhanshu
Panda,GuangjunXu,JihaiDong,CarlTrettin,ChangmingDong,
XiaoqianGao,HaiyunShi,KaiYu,andHongjunWang
vii
viii Contents
7 NationalActionsandInternationalFrameworks
fortheConservationandWiseUseofTidalFlats
andOtherCoastalWetlandsintheYellowSea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
NialMoores,LewYoung,SpikeMillington,ShaoxiaXia,LiuYu,
XiuboYu,KyongSimRi,Tae-SungKim,JeongcheolLim,
andFelixGlenk
PartIII EcologicalRestorationofWetlands
8 WetlandRestorationinChina:Principles,Techniques,
andPractices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
ShuqingAn,XuanboZhang,SiyuanSong,HuiZhao,
andNasreenJeelani
9 CaseStudiesofEcologicalRestorationandConservation
StrategiesforMarshesandPeatlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
XiaoyanZhu,MingJiang,YuxiangYuan,andJosT.A.Verhoeven
10 BuildingResiliencytoClimateChangeThroughWetland
ManagementandRestoration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
KimberliJ.Ponzio,ToddZ.Osborne,GillianT.Davies,BenLePage,
PallaoorV.Sundareshwar,S.J.Miller,A.M.K.Bochnak,
S.A.Phelps,M.Q.Guyette,K.M.Chowanski,L.A.Kunza,
P.J.Pellechia,R.A.Gleason,andC.Sandvik
11 SynthesisandOutlook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
JosT.A.VerhoevenandShuqingAn
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Chapter 1
Wetland Functions and Ecosystem Services:
Implications for Wetland Restoration
and Wise Use
ShuqingAnandJosT.A.Verhoeven
1.1 Introduction
Wetlands are areas where water meets land. They are among the most important
environmental resources for human beings. While awareness of the importance of
wetlands was initially mostly centered around their key function as waterfowl and
other wildlife habitat or as hotspots of regional biodiversity, wetland ecosystem
services have attracted more and more attention and are now the main motive for
worldwidewetlandprotection.
Ecosystem services are the conditions and processes through which natural
ecosystemsandthespeciesthatmakethemupsustainandfulfillhumanlife(Daily
1997).Costanzaetal.(1997)dividedtheglobalecosystemservicesinto17catego-
ries (Table 1.1). These 17 services have become the basis and reference for evalu-
ationofanyregionalecosystemservicesandarewellacceptedbyglobalresearchers.
Studieshaveshownthatwetlandecosystemshavethehighestservicevalueperarea
invariousagriculturalandurbanlandscapes(ChenandZhang2000;Cimon-Morin
andPoulin2018),wheretheyplayanimportantroleinwatersupplyandpurification,
floodcontrol,andpeople’slivelihoods.
Thewiseuseofwetlandsreferstothemaintenanceoftheirecologicalcharacter,
achievedthroughtheimplementationofecosystemapproaches,withinthecontextof
sustainable development (Ramsar Convention 2005). The “wise use” concept was
firstlyproposedbyRamsarin1987andimprovedin2005afteracoupleofrevisions,
S.An(*)
NanjingUniversity,Nanjing,Jiangsu,PRChina
NanjingUniversityEcologicalResearchInstituteofChangshu,Changshu,Jiangsu,PRChina
e-mail:[email protected]
J.T.A.Verhoeven
EcologyandBiodiversity,DepartmentofBiology,UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,
TheNetherlands
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019 1
S.An,J.T.A.Verhoeven(eds.),Wetlands:EcosystemServices,Restoration
andWiseUse,EcologicalStudies238,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14861-4_1