Table Of Content

Welding Handbook Sixth Edition SECTION TWO Welding Handbook Sixth Edition SECTION TWO Welding Processes: Gas, Arc and Resistance Macmillan Education Welding Handbook IN FIVE SECTIONS 1 Fundamentals of Welding 2 Welding Processes: Gas, Are and Resistance 3 Special Welding Processes and Cutting 4 Metals and Their Weidability 5 Applications of Welding Prepared under the directlon of THE WELDING HANDBOOK COMMITTEE Chairman L. F. LOCKWOOD The Dow Chemical Co. Editor ARTHUR L. PHILLIPS American Welding Society Assistant Editor STANLEY T. WALTER American Welding Society C. E. JACKSON Onio State University P. W. RAMSEY A. 0. Smith Corp. STANLEY WEISS University of Wisconsin D. V. WILCOX Reynolds Metals Co. Large Medium vo., 708 pp. 339 line and 65 halftone illustrations 98 tables Copyright American We1ding Society 1969 Softcoverreprint of the bardeover 6th edition 1969 978-0-333-04773-6 All rights reserved. This book or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN 978-1-349-00326-6 ISBN 978-1-349-00324-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-00324-2 Preface The Handbook Committee has introduced a number of changes into Section Two of the Welding Handbook with a view to improving the chapter arrangement, eliminating outdated material and providing a more logical sequence of sub ject matter. The chapter on arc welding equipment, for example, has been eliminated. It was considered preferable to include discussion of the equipment in the chapter describing each arc process rather than to describe the various arc welding proc esses and refer the reader to a subsequent chapter for details about the related equipment. Because of the many new developments in arc welding power sources, it was decided to provide a special chapter on the sub ject for this edition. The chapter includes many schematic diagrams relating to generating equipment used in the arc weld ing processes, together with detailed explanations and valuable information about standard systems of classification. The revision of the gas shielded-arc welding and submerged arc welding chapters reflects the modem speed of technological development. Despite the fact that these chapters were revised and rewritten five years ago, the amount of new material now available has rendered necessary another complete revision, in cluding additional tabular data and new illustrations. Changes in nomenclature, as well as advances in technology, have resulted in a considerably revised chapter on spot, seam and projection welding. Similarly, the chapter on flash, upset and percussion welding reflects recent improvements in the upset and percussion processes. Resistance welding equipment that was experimental when Section Two of the Fifth Edition was published has now received industrial acceptance and is de scribed in this volume. The chapter on metallizing, which formerly appeared in Sec tion Three, has undergone substantial changes and revisions. The name has been changed to Thermal Spraying, which is more descriptive of the process. This new chapter includes such re- cently developed techniques as detonation gun spraying and plasma spraying. Because stud welding is an arc welding process, the stud weld ing chapter from Section Three has been placed, in revised form, in Section Two, where the other arc processes are found. Some of the chapters that appeared in the Fifth Edition of this Section-Carbon Arc Welding, for instance-have been omitted from the Sixth Edition. Such processes have been largely superseded in modern production operations, and the Welding Handbook is concerned primarily with contemporary industrial practice. The new A WS welding symbols, and welding and cutting terms and definitions, have been included in this Section. The old symbols were printed in Section One but, since the old sym bols will be in use for some years to come, it was decided to include both the old and the new symbols in the Sixth Edition for the convenience of readers. Manufacturers, fabricators and educators connected with the welding industry have contributed their time, skill and knowl edge toward the preparation of this Section of the Handbook. Companies have generously contributed technical data from their research files, and committees have worked tirelessly to produce a volume that will be of significant value to the entire industry. We would like to express our sincere thanks to all who have shared in this effort. ARTHUR L. PHILLIPS, Editor Contents Chapter Page Preface........................................................................ v 21 Standard Welding Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1 22 Shielded Metal-Arc Welding ...................................... 22.1 23 Gas Shielded-Arc Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 24 Submerged Arc Welding ............................................ 24.1 25 Arc Welding Power Sources................................... 25.1 26 Spot, Seam and Projection Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1 27 Flash, Upset and Percussion Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 .I 28 Resistance Welding Equipment.................................... 28.1 29 Thermal Spraying........................................................ 29.1 30 Stud Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.1 Appendix Standard Welding and Cutting Terms and Definitions 21 ____C HAPTER STANDARD WELDING SYMBOLS Introduction 21.4 Basic Symbols 21.5 Basic Types of Joints and Welds 21.6 General Provisions 21.6 Fillet Welds 21.13 Plug Welds 21.17 Slot Welds 21.20 Spot Welds 21.21 Seam Welds 21.23 Groove Welds 21.25 Back or Backing Welds 21.28 Surfacing Welds 21.29 Flange Welds 21.30 Welding Symbols Chart 21.32 The chapter on Standard Welding Symbols is normally published in Section 1 of the Handbook. However, since the publication date of the Handbook in 1968, a new edition of this standard, AWS A2.0-68, was issued. Because the revisions are fairly extensive, and because of their impor tance in conveying information on engineering drawings, this standard is being included in Section 2. PREPARED BY THE A WS COMMITTEE ON DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS: M.D. THOMAS E. A. HARWART General Motors Institute-Chairman Atomics International W. E. McKENZIE J. R. HENRY U.S. Naval Weapons Laboratory Haveg Industries Vice Chairman R. K. LEE R. NESPECO Alloy Rods Co. American Welding Society Secretary A. W. MARNER Union Carbide Corp. S. A. AGNEW Airco Welding Products Div. J. MIKULAK Worthington Corp. I. M. BARTA CVI Engineering Co. W.G.MORGAN I. G. BETZ Arvin Industries, Inc. Frankford Arsenal NAVAL SHIP ENGINEERING CENTER BUREAU OF WEAPONS U. S. Navy Department U. S. Navy Department J. M. PAYNE H. C. CAMPBELL Butler Manufacturing Co. Arcos Corporation R. L. PEASLEE J. CAPRAROLA Wall Colmonoy Corp. Airco Welding Products Div. H. B. CARY H. E. SCHULTZ Hobart Brothers Co. General Electric Co. R. J. CHRISTOFFEL W. SCOTT General Electric Co. Westinghouse Electric Corp. J. F. DEFFENBAUGH C. S. SHIRA McKay Machine Co. North American Rockwell Corp. T. F. ELLIS P.R. WHITE Kaiser Jeep Corp. Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. T.C.HACKER The Boeing Company R. E. THIEMER, Alternate J. R. HARRISON D. E. WOODLING North American Rockwell Corp. U. S. Coast Guard