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Athman Bouguettaya · Quan Z. Sheng Florian Daniel Editors Web Services Foundations Web Services Foundations Athman Bouguettaya Quan Z. Sheng • Florian Daniel Editors Web Services Foundations Foreword by Michael P. Papazoglou 123 Editors AthmanBouguettaya Florian Daniel School ofComputer Science Dipartimentodi IngegneriaeScienza and InformationTechnology dell’Informazione RMIT University Università diTrento Melbourne,VIC Povo, Trento Australia Italy QuanZ. Sheng School ofComputer Science Universityof Adelaide Adelaide,SA Australia ISBN 978-1-4614-7517-0 ISBN 978-1-4614-7518-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-7518-7 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013946213 (cid:2)SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthe work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of theCopyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the CopyrightClearanceCenter.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) To my parents, Horia and Mahmoud, and my wife Malika Athman Bouguettaya To my parents Shuilian and Jianwu, my brothers Guanzheng and Xinzheng, my wife Yaping and my daughters Fiona and Phoebe Quan Z. Sheng To Cinzia, my family, my friends Florian Daniel Foreword Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) is the computing paradigm that utilizes soft- ware services as fundamental elements for developing and deploying distributed software applications. Services are self-describing, platform-agnostic computa- tional elements that support rapid, low-cost composition of distributed applica- tions. They perform functions, which can be anything from simple requests to complicated business processes. Services allow organizationstoexpose their core competencies programmatically via a self-describing interface based on open standards over the Internet (or intranet) using standard (XML-based) languages and protocols. Because services provide a uniform and ubiquitous information distributor for wide range of computing devices (such as handheld computers, PDAs, cellular telephones, or appliances) and software platforms (e.g., UNIX or Windows), they constitute a major transition in distributed computing. A Web service is a specific kind of service that is identified by a URI that exposes its features programmatically over the Internet using standard Internet languages and protocols, and can be implemented via a self-describing interface based on open Internet standards (e.g., XML interfaces which are published in network-based repositories). Understanding the conceptual underpinnings and mastering the technical intricacies of Web services is anything but trivial and is absolutely necessary to construct a well-functioning service-based system or application. Web service technology is undergoing continuous, rapid evolution, thanks to both standardi- zation efforts pushed forward by industry and the research efforts of the scientific community. Web services standards are still evolving. However, they seem to converge today on a handful of standards: the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) for service communication, Web Services Description Language (WSDL) for service description, Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration Infrastructure (UDDI) for registering and discovering services, and the Business Process Exe- cution Language (BPEL) for service composition. A plethora of WS-* specifica- tionsalsoexiststodescribe the fullspectrumofactivities related toWebservices in topics such as reliable messaging, security, privacy, policies, event processing, and coordination, to name but a few. vii viii Foreword Leading international conferences, such as the International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC), the International Conference on Web Services (ICWS),the International Conference onService Computing(SCC),and others, have spearheaded groundbreaking research efforts. This has led to the emergenceofnoveltopicssuchassemanticWebservices,automatedWebservice composition, Web service recommendations, quality of service, trust, and a range of other interesting themes. Related conference series such as Web Engineering, Cloud Computing, Business Process Management, HCI, and Database related conferences, have all been strongly influenced by the emergence of Web services andconsistentlyfeatureWebservicerelatedtopicsintheircallsforpapers.These conferences contribute to the wealth of knowledge that is growing exponentially around Web services. The content of this book and that of its companion book Advanced Web Ser- vices (Springer,2013) reflect suchactivities. Itisatestimonialoftheleading role of its editors and their highly influential work in the area of Web services. Together, both books cover an enormous wealth of important topics and tech- nologies that mirror the evolution of Web services. They provide an exhaustive overview of the challenges and solutions of all major achievements pertaining to Web services. Each chapter is an authoritative piece of work that synthesizes all pertinent literature and highlights important accomplishments and advances in its subject matter. To my knowledge, this is the first attempt of its kind, providing complete coverage of the key subjects in Web services. I am not aware of any other book thatisasthorough,comprehensiveandambitiousinexplainingthecurrentstateof theartofscientificresearchandinsynthesizingtheperspectivesandknow-howof somanyexpertsinthefield.Bothbooksareamust-readforeveryoneinterestedin the field. Theycater for the needs of both novicestothe field aswell as seasoned researchers and practitioners. They are a major step in this field’s maturation and will serve to unify, advance, and challenge the scientific community in many important ways. It is a real pleasure to have been asked to provide the foreword for this book collection. I am happy to commend the editors and authors on their accomplish- ment, and to inform the readers that they are looking at a landmark in the developmentoftheWebservicesfield.AnybodyseriousaboutWebservicesought tohavehandyacopyofWebServicesFoundationsandAdvancedWebServicesin their private library! Tilburg, The Netherlands Michael P. Papazoglou December2012 Preface Web Service technology is undeniably the preferred delivery method for the Service-Oriented Computing(SOC)paradigm. Ithas evolved overthe yearstobe a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to modern software development. Webserviceshavegonebeyondsoftwarecomponentizationtechnologytoembody andexpressthesoftwaremanifestationofageneraltrendtransformingourmodern society from an industrial, production-centric economy into a digital, service- centric economy. Web services aim to provide the missing conceptual links that unify a variety of different disciplines, such as networking, distributed systems, cloud computing, autonomic computing, data and knowledge management, knowledge-based systems, and business process management. Web services are the technological proxies of services that power much of the developed and increasingly developing economies. In this respect, Web services play a central role in enabling and sustaining the growth of service-centric economies and help modernizing organizations, companies and institutions also from an IT perspective. Overthelastdecade,Webserviceshavebecomeathrivingareaofresearchand academic endeavors. Yet, despite a substantial body of research and scientific publications,theWebservicescommunityhasbeenhithertomissingaonestop-shop that would provide a consolidated understanding of the scientific and technical progressofthisimportantsubject.Thisbook(thesecondofatwo-bookcollection)is aseriousattempttofillthisgapandserveasaprimarypointofreferencereflecting thepervasivenatureofWebservices. This book is the first installment of a two-book collection (we discuss the advanced topics in the second book, Advanced Web Services, Springer, 2013). Together, they comprise approximately 1,400 pages covering state-of-the-art theoretical and practical aspects as well as experience using and deploying Web services. The collection offers a comprehensive overview of the scientific and technicalprogressinWebservicestechnologies,design,architectures,applications, and performance. Thefirst book of the collectionconsists oftwo major parts: ix x Preface I Foundations of Web Services (12 chapters)—It explores the most representa- tivetheoreticalandpractical approachestoWebservices,withaspecial focus on the general state-of-the-art approaches to Web service composition; II ServiceSelectionandAssistedComposition(16chapters)—Itfocusesonother aspectsofWebservice compositionproblem,specificallytakesadeep lookat non-functional aspects (e.g., quality of service), Web service recommenda- tions, and how Web service composition is made easy for less expert developers. The second book (Advanced Web Services, Springer, 2013) consists of three major parts: I Advanced Services Engineering and Management (11 chapters)—It explores advanced engineering problems, such as Web service transactions and recov- ery, security and identity management, trust and contracts, and Web service evolution and management; II Web Service Applications and Case Studies (5 chapters)—It covers concrete scenarios of the use of Web service technology and reports on empirical studies of real-world Web service ecosystems; III Novel Perspectives and Future Directions (10 chapters)—It surveys approa- ches of the applications on how the Web service paradigm can be applied to novel contexts, such as human-centric computing, human work and the Internet of Things, and discusses the value of Web services in the context of mobile and cloud computing. The topics covered in the collection are reflective of their intent: they aim to become the primary source for all pertinent information regarding Web service technologies, research, deployment and future directions. The purpose of the two books is to serve as a trusted and valuable reference point to researchers and educators who are working in the area of Web services, to students who wish to learnaboutthisimportantresearchanddevelopmentarea,andtopractitionerswho are using Web services and the service paradigm daily in their software devel- opment projects. This collection is the result of an enormous community effort, and their pro- duction involved more than 100 authors, consisting of the worlds leading experts inthisfield.Wewouldliketothanktheauthorsfortheirhigh-qualitycontributions andthereviewersfortheirtimeandprofessionalexpertise.Allcontributionshave undergone a rigorous review process, involving three independent experts in two rounds of review. We are also very grateful to Springer for their continuous help and assistance. Melbourne, Australia, December 2012 Athman Bouguettaya Adelaide, Australia Quan Z. Sheng Trento, Italy Florian Daniel Contents Part I Foundations of Web Services 1 Web Services and Business Processes: A Round Trip. . . . . . . . . . 3 Mohammed AbuJarour and Ahmed Awad 2 RESTful Web Services: Principles, Patterns, Emerging Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Cesare Pautasso 3 Conceptual Design of Sound, Custom Composition Languages. . . 53 Stefano Soi, Florian Daniel and Fabio Casati 4 Service-Oriented Programming with Jolie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Fabrizio Montesi, Claudio Guidi and Gianluigi Zavattaro 5 From Artifacts to Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Niels Lohmann and Karsten Wolf 6 On the Composability of Semantic Web Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Brahim Medjahed, Zaki Malik and Salima Benbernou 7 Semantic Web Service Composition: The Web Service Challenge Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Thomas Weise, M. Brian Blake and Steffen Bleul 8 Automated Service Composition Based on Behaviors: The Roman Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Giuseppe De Giacomo, Massimo Mecella and Fabio Patrizi 9 Behavioral Service Substitution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Christian Stahl and Wil M. P. van der Aalst xi
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