Waste Management & Resource Utilisation Chief Editor Dr. Sadhan K Ghosh

807 Pages·2014·27.96 MB·English

Waste Management
&
Resource Utilisation

Chief Editor
Dr. Sadhan K Ghosh
Professor & Head, Mechanical Engineering Department,
Coordinator, Centre for Quality Management System, Jadavpur University, Kolkata,India
President, International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water, India

Editoral Board
Hermann Koller, Managing Director, ISWA
Secretariat, International Solid Waste Association, Viena, Austria
Dr. Jonathan Wong, Director, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Env.
Professor, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P R China
Dr. B Janardhan Reddy, IAS, Commissioner and Director of Municipal Administration,
Govt of Andhra Pradesh, Executive Chairman, 4th IconSWM 2014, Hyderabad, India
Dr. Harvey Houng, Advisor, Environmental Protection Agency, Taipei City, Taiwan
Dr. Prasanta Kumar Dey, Professor, Operations Mngt, Aston University, UK
Dr. Milan Pavlović, Dean, Technical faculty, University of Novi Sad, Serbia

Commissioner and Director of Municipal Administration, Govt of Andhra Pradesh
International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water (ISWMAW)
Centre for Quality Management System, Jadavpur University

Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Solid Waste Management
January 28-30, 2014, Hyderabad

Oxford Publishing House
Kolkata

ISBN 81-86862-49-8

i
Waste Management & Resource Utilisation
© 2013, Oxford Publishing House

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1st Edition : 28th January, 2014 at Hyderabad

Centre for Quality Management System
Jadavpur University, Blue Earth W/S, Kolkata 700 032
Website : www.iconswm.com / www.iswmaw.com; www.jadavpur.edu
E.Mail. [email protected] / [email protected]

Commissioner and Director of Municipal Administration, Govt of Andhra Pradesh
640, AC Guards, Opp PTI Building, Hyderabad 500 004, India
[email protected]

International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water
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ii
Preface

The IconSWM has completed its 5 years with a sustainable improvement in generating awareness
and bringing all the stakeholders together from all over the world. IconSWM has become a
significant platform for knowledge sharing and encouging the ULBBs, Government departments,
reserachgers, NGOs, Copmmunities and other stake holders in the arena of waste management in
the country. With the initiative of the International Waste Management, Air and Water ( ISWMAW)
the IconSWM could invite the top management of the leading international SWM societies, namely,
Mr Hermann Koller, Managing Director of ISWA, Dr Jeffry C. Muffat, President, Air & Waste
Management Association, USA, Prof W. C. Jonathan, Chair, ICSWHK, Hongkong, Ms. Grace P. Sapuay,
President, SW Association of Philippines and many other experts from different countries. IconSWM
under the banner of ISWMAW has the networking all over the world and invited experts from
Austrial, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia, Thailand, Mayanmar,
Japan, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, USA, UK, Germany, Hungary, Serbia, Nigeria and Turkey. It has also initiated
an Task Force for International Cooperation Waste Utilisation (TF4ICWU). ISWMAW has funded and
carrying out five research projects on SWM IN Karnataka and West Bengal.
India is now in a transition stage of reorganizing the SWM policies and strategies. The problem is
enormous and solutions are available. The gap has to be reduced by effective governance. The focus
is more on the reduction of waste. Subsequest focus is on various issues namely, the collection,
segregation, reuse, recycling, treatment with several options of energy recovery. The landfilling
should be the last resort. The awareness and commitment level of the community is another issue to
be carefully looked into. Technologies are available but selection & utilization of right technology
remains a challenge. Several issues like availability of technical experts, evolution of professional and
knowledgable service providrers, effective research outcome on SWM, right data on SWM,
rehabilitation of Waste handlers and rag pickers, availability of effective and trained NGOs need also
focus of the initiatives on SWM. Fund allocation by the government and proper utilization are very
important aspects in many cases. Presence of effective and implementatble legislation and its
implementation is a key issue.
The exiting tradition of employment in ULBs did not permit the appointment of competent and
knowledable persons in the ULBs. It was always under the mercy of emergency and political
intervention. As a result the ULBs do not have a built capacity which raised an issue of capacity
building of personnel in ULBs. There were lot of initiatives which need a structured training and
competence building programme on regular basis. This will develop the human resources those are
essential for sustainability of SWM effectiveness. India has a service level benchmarking (SLB) but
who in the ULBs will adhere to the SLB? Are they competent? Do they have resources? There are
many questions around. In India there are number of success stories as well failure stories. In most
of the time spend on analysing the failure stories and end up with those stories only. We should not
forget that we should take learnings from the failures but take new initiatives based on experience.
It is urged to incorporate SWM Commission or Corporation or Board at the central and state level
who will handle the issue of SWM in the country. ULB will be the nodal agency at the lowest level.
The apex agency with technical head will have the zoning atlas for the SWM treatment and landfill
site, assignment of the site to the ULBs, Assesing the technical feasibility of the SWM projects,
allocation of funds, monitoring the activities of the project in mission mode and installing the PMC,
enhance the effectiveness of the Urban Trainig institutes in the states for building capacity and
competence of the ULB personnel in reality.
Many of the papers and deliberations in the 4th IconSWM and in this proceedings have explored all
the issues elaborated above. This volume of the proceedings will be definitely a novel data bank for
the ULBs, Researchers, Practisioners and the government. Some of the papers, if selected will go for
international journal publication through it own review process.
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ISWMAW and IconSWM express the gratitude to the Government of Andhra Pradesh specifically to
Srhi Mahidhar Reddy, Hon’ble Minister, Dr. S. K. Joshi, Principal Secretary and Dr B J Reddy, CDMA
who took initiatives in taking a decision in principle in December 2012 in our meeting that has come
now in reality with a meaningful shape.
I observed the enthusiasm among the core group members and the working group members in
Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka and Maharashtra while working with them. I am indebted
to all my friend in foreign countries who helped in the review of papers and has joined the
programme. The editorial board members deserve thanks who were very enthusiatic in giving me
inputs to bring the conference proceedings.
I must mention the support and encouragement of Sri. Y.Madhusudhan Reddy, IFS, Managing
Director, APUFIDC, Sri. Somesh Kumar I.A.S. Commissioner, GHMC, Sri. Jayesh Ranjan I.A.S.,VC &
MD, APPIIC, India and Sri Sanjay Kumar, I.A.S., Member Secretary, APPCB. I express my gratitude to
Vice Chancellor and the administration of Acharya N G Ranga Agriculturtal Universuty, Vice
Chancellor and administration of Jadavpur Universiuty, Dr. N Manjula, I.A.S., Director, DMA, Govt. of
Karnataka, Bangalore, Dr. N. P. Shukla, Chairman, Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Prof.
Promod K. Verma, Director General, Sc. Advisor, MPCST, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh, Sri. M. T. Krishna
Babu I.A.S, Commissioner, GHMC. Sri. M. S. Ravisankar, IAS, Chairman, BWSSB, Government of
Karnataka, Prof. V. Jagannatha, ISWMAW, Scientist / Engineer SE ( ISTRAC ), ISRO, Bangalore, Sri. Asit
Aich,ISWMAW, Kolkata and Dr. Sital Singh, CMAK, Ms Kumuda, CMAK and the IconSWM Cell
members at Hyderabad at CDMA’s office and at CQMS, Jadavpur University, Kolkata for their
continuous support. I express my thanks to all the ULBs in Andhra Prdesh for their participation and
enthusiasm shown during my several veideo conference with them.
IconSWM 2012 was attended by 1400 delegates from 10 countries at Infosys Campus at Mysore. The
4th IconSWM 2014 is being attended by more than 1300 delegates from 17 countries. More than 50
ULBs have participated for IconSWM 2014 Award of Excellence in SWM. IconSWM 2014 Award of
Excellence in paper presentation among the speakers and the authors including the students and
researchers as young scientists has also been planned.

The IconSWM and ISWMAW express gratitude to all the foreign delegates, delegates from different
parts of India, sponsors, exhibitors, service providers and all others who are the part of the success of
4th IconSWM 2014 directly and indirectly.

I wish a very successful 4th IconSWM 2014.

Hope to see you all in 5th IconSWM 2015 in January 2015.

With Kind Regards.

28th January, 2014 Prof. Sadhan K Ghosh
Hyderabad Chief Editor & President, ISWMAW

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Contents

Preface iii – iv
Contents v- xiv
Sl. No. Title and Author Page No.

Country Specific SWM 1 – 94
001 Paradigm Shift for a Total Waste Management in developing in India 3 – 12
S. K Ghosh, Professor & Head, Dept. of Mech. Engg., Jadavpur University,
President, International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water, Kolkata, India
002 Path Forward for Improving Solid Waste Management Status in Developing 13 – 17
Economies
Hermann Koller, International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), Austria
003 Waste Management in Hong Kong: A Lesson to Learn 18 – 26
J.W.C. Wong, A. Selvam, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
004 From Solid Waste Control to Sustainable Material Management in Taiwan 27 – 32
Harvey Houng, Environmental Protection Administration, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic
of China
Chih-Ku Chen, Sustainable Environmental Technology and Management Co., Ltd.,
Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
005 Ecological Approach to Solid Waste Management in the Philippines 33 – 41
Grace P. Sapuay, President, Solid Waste Management Association of the Philippines
(SWAPP), Philippines
006 Efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste Collection Service: A Case Study from a 42 – 49
Small Municipality in Sri Lanka
A.K. Karunarathna, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Mangalika Lokuliyana, Ministry of Local Government & Provincial Councils, Sri
Lanka
007 Institutional Constraints to Municipal Solid Waste Management in Kano 50 – 58
Metropolis, Nigeria
Nabegu, A. B, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil
008 Investigating Causes Contributing to Increased Municipal Solid in a 59 – 65
Metropolitan Area: A National Survey in Kuwait
R. Al-Jarallah, E. Aleisa, Kuwait University, Kuwait
009 Beyond Livelihood Strategies for the Urban Poor: Solid-Waste Scavenging in 66 – 76
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Clément Longondjo Etambakonga, Danny Simatele, University of Witwatersrand,
Nigeria
010 Rollout of small scale Anaerobic Digester technology in the UK: Lessons from 77 – 83
India and Germany
J. Scott, D.Wright, Aston Business School, European Bioenergy Research Institute,
UK
P. K. Dey - Aston Business School, UK
011 Comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment of the Hungarian Red Mud 84 – 88
Catastrophe
A. Rédey, Zs. Kovács, A. Utasi, T. Yuzhakova, V. Sebestyén, J. Németh,
T.Fráter, E. Domokos, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
L. Dióssy, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary
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Sl. No. Title and Author Page No.
012 Strategies for Enhancement of Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management 89 – 94
in India
K. V. Shah, GUDC, Gujarat Urban Development Company Ltd., Gandhinagar, India

SWM, Policy, Strategy & Implementation 95 – 194
013 Waste Management in Andhra Pradesh 97 – 104
B J Reddy, C&DMA, Government of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, India
014 Introducing Volume-Based Municipal Solid Waste Management in New Taipei 105 – 110
City, Taiwan
Chih-Ku Chen, Wei-Kai Yang, De-Yue Liu, Sustainable Environmental Technology
and Management Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
015 Municipal Solid Waste Management in India – Present Practices and Future 111 – 114
Challenges
Reemi Verma, Prakash C. Antahal, University of Jammu, J&K, India
016 Policies related to Solid Waste, Biomedical Waste and E-waste and their concerns 115 – 118
in India
Ragini Kumari, IGNOU, Regional Centre, Ranchi, India
Atahar Perwez, Patna University, India
017 Solid Waste Management in India vis-a-vis rest of the Developing Nation 119 – 122
S. Kumar - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur,
India
018 Treatment of Solid Waste Using Solidification and Stabilization Technique 123 – 129
Bhagawan. D, Saritha Poodari, Kumara Swamy. Banda, Ch. Anand, Shankaraiah
Golla, G. Ravi Kumar, Vurimindi Himabindu, S. Vidyavathi, Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University, Hyderabad, India
019 Noise Pollution from Municipal Solid Waste Management Sector of Kolkata, 130 - 136
India
S. Chattopadhyay, KMC , Kolkata, India
A. Dutta, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
S. Ray, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
020 Review of the Status of Management of MSW Focusing MSW Rules 2000 and 137 – 142
Document Published as Draft MSW Rule 2013 in India
Sukalpa Karmakar, Sushmita De, Sanjib Kumar Maiti, Rahul Baidya, Arpan
Kumar Manna, T. Hazra, A. Dutta, S. K. Ghsoh, Jadavpur University, Kolkata,
India
021 Route Optimization using Geographic Information System for Collection, 143 – 148
Transportation and Sustainable SWM in Mysore City
Lokeshwari M, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
Nanjunda Swamy. C., Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
022 Management of Food Packaging Waste in MSW 149 – 160
G. Das, International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water (ISWMAW),
Kolkata, India
A. Aich, Department of Municipal Affairs, Govt. of West Bengal, Kolkata, India
023 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Airborne Environmental MONITORING of 161 - 164
natural Reserve Areas such as Wetlands
T. Fráter, E. Domokos, G. Nagy, Á. Rédey, University of Pannonia, Veszprém,
Hungary

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Sl. No. Title and Author Page No.
024 Integrated Centralized and Decentralized Waste Management - A Self 165 – 172
Sustainable MSW Management in Mysore City
P G Ramesh, Commissioner, Mysore City Corporation, Mysore
D G Nagaraj, Health Officer, Mysore City Corporation, Mysore
Thejaswini, Environmental Engineer, Mysore City Corporation, Mysore
025 Effective Municipal Solid Waste Management Practices: A Case study of Shimla, 173 – 182
Himachal Pradesh, India
Omesh Bharti, Amarjeet Singh, D. P. Singh, Municipal Corporation, Shimla, India
Vibhor Sood, The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
GmbH, Shimla, India
026 Bioremediation of Carbon Nanomaterial Waste 183 – 187
J. H. Niazi, R.S. Chouhan, A. Qureshi, Sabanci University Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Istanbul, Turkey
027 Neighborhood Level Decentralized Solid Waste Management Facility: A 188 – 194
Prototype
Jaya. Dhindaw, T.G Sitharam, Center for infrastructure Sustainable Transportation
and Urban Planning (CiSTUP), Bangalore, India
H.N. Chanakya, Center for infrastructure Sustainable Transportation and Urban
Planning (CiSTUP), Center for Sustainable Technologies, IISc- Bangalore, India

SWM - Case Study 195 – 268
028 A Case - Study of Municipal Solid Waste Management at Pattukkottai 197 -204
Municipality
Gangainathan. A, Giridharan. S, Veeraraghavan. S, Sastra University, Thanjavur,
India
29 Greening University Campus through Waste Management – A Case Study at Fu 205 – 214
Jen Catholic University, Taiwan
Sadhan K Ghosh, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
Wen-Mein Wu, Department of Nutritional Science, Environmental Protection and
Health and Safety Centre, Taiwan
Ching-Ping Fu, Environmental Protection and Health and Safety Centre, Taiwan
Ruey-Chin Su, Department of Life Science Fu-Jen University, Taiwan
Fr. V. James, Fr. N. Lezek, Fu-Jen University, Taiwan
030 Analysis of Factors for Sustainable SWM in Bangalore City, India 215 – 217
Lokeshwari M., Vinuta Bai N, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
031 Awareness of citizens, and Attitude towards Local Authority in Solid Waste 218 – 223
Management: the Case Study in Kandy District, Sri Lanka
M.G.P. Bandara, Mallika Pinnawala, G.B.B. Hearth, K.B.S.N. Jinadasa,
University of Peradeniya Kandy, Sri Lanka
032 Effective Compliance of MSW Rules 2000: Case study of BOBBILI Municipality 224 – 230
B. Vinod, A. Ravindernath, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
033 Municipal Solid Waste Management in Kadapa Town 231 – 235
S. Sumithra, V. Sunitha, G. Nagaraju, Yogi Vemana University, Vemanapuram,
India
034 Sustainable Waste Mgmt. in Mumbai: Case Studies of Decentralised Treatment 236 – 241
Avick Sil, Environment Policy and Research India (EPRI); Dombivli, India
Somnath Mukherjee, Jadhavpur University, Kolkata, India
Sunil Kumar, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
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Sl. No. Title and Author Page No.
035 Best Practices on Solid Waste Management in Nagara Panchayath Parkal 242 – 246
Warangal Region - Andhra Pradesh
Indrasena Reddy, Best Practices on SWM in Parkal Nagara Panchayath, Andhra
Pradesh, India
036 Integrated Solid Waste Management - A Case Study of Bobbili Municipality, 247 – 253
Andhra Pradesh
S. A. Unnisa, V. Gnaneshwar, B. Rav, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
037 A Survey of Municipal Solid Waste Management in A Few Wards of Bengaluru 254 – 259
G. M. Nijaguna, Prithvi B.R, Vijaya College, Bengaluru, India
Chinmayee Prabhakar, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, India
038 Techno-Management Scales of Operation for Decentralized and Household Level 260 – 268
USW Treatment: A Case Study from Bangalore
HN Chanakya, Shwetmala, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
V Jagannatha, Scientist, CMD, ISTRAC, ISRO, Bangalore India
Sadhan K Ghosh, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

Composting 269 – 296
039 Solid Mass Balance of MSW Composting: A Case Study from Bandarawela 271 – 277
Municipality, Sri Lanka
A.K. Karunarathna, R.T.K. Ariyawansha, I.A.C.S. Weerasekara, University of
Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
W.T. Awanthi, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
040 Assessment of the Quality of Windrow Composting Produced from Municipal 278 -282
Solid Resource (Waste)
Gade. Venkatesham, Engineering Staff College of India, Hyderabad, India
M. Chandrasekhar, National institute of warangal (NITW), India
T. Bala Narsaiah, CCST, IST, JNTUH, Hyderabad, India
041 Potential Cultivation Options for Simultaneous Clean up of Domestic Wastewater 283 – 290
and Biofuel using Natural Algal Consortia
Abitha R, H N Chanakya, Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore, India
042 Review of Composting Facilities of Municipal Solid Wastes in India 291 – 296
Kartikey Handa, Anamika Paul, Preeti Jain, Ch. Brahm Prakash Govt. Engg.
College, New Delhi, India

SWM Treatment 297 – 307
043 Percentage of Rejects from Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) Facilities in 299 – 301
India
Annepu, R K - Columbia University, New York, U.S.A
044 Production of Ethanol from Parthenium Hysterophorus l. Through Dilute Acid 302 – 307
Hydrolysis with varying Environmental Condition and Fermentation Using
Pichia Stipitis
S. Saha, P. Singh, S. Neogi, A. Ganguly, P.K. Chatterjee - CSIR Central Mechanical
Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur, India
S. Ghosh - Institute of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Durgapur, India
S. Haldar - National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India

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