Volume 3 (Appendix M – Appendix T)

556 Pages·2017·34.93 MB·English

Volume III
Appendix M - Appendix T
Oahu Community Correctional Center
October 27, 2017
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Volume III Appendices
Appendix M:
Cultural Impact Assessment
Appendix N:
Noise Impact Assessment
Appendix O:
Air Quality Impact Assessment
Appendix P:
Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
Appendix Q:
Socioeconomic Profile
Appendix R:
Economic Impact Analysis
Appendix S:
Estimated Staffing and Operating Costs Report
Appendix T:
Traffic Impact Report
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Appendix M:
Cultural Impact
Assessment
Oahu Community Correctional Center
October 27, 2017
Prepared for:
State of Hawaii
Department of Accounting and General Services
Department of Public Safety
Prepared by:
A Cultural Impact Assessment for the
O‘ahu Community Correctional Center

Replacement Project
TMKs: (1) 1-2-013:002; (1) 4-2-003:004, 024, 025, 026;
(1) 9-5-046:041 and 042; (1) 9-9-010:006, 030 por., 046 por.,
054, 055, 057, and 058

Hālawa, Kalihi, Waikele, and Kailua ahupua‘a
ʻEwa, Kona, and Ko‘olaupoko Districts
Island of Oʻahu
DRAFT VERSION
Prepared By:

Teresa Gotay, M.A.,
Lokelani Brandt, M.A.,
and
Robert B. Rechtman, Ph.D.

Prepared For:
Louis Berger
412 Mt. Kemble Avenue
Morristown, NJ 07962

October 2017

ASM Project Number 28690.00
A Cultural Impact Assessment for the
O‘ahu Community Correctional Center
Replacement Project
TMKs: (1) 1-2-013:002; (1) 4-2-003:004, 024, 025, and 026;
(1) 9-5-046:041 and 042; (1) 9-9-010: 006, 030 por., 046 por.,
054, 055, 057, and 058

Hālawa, Kalihi, Waikele, and Kailua ahupua‘a
ʻEwa, Kona, and Ko‘olaupoko Districts
Island of O‘ahu
Table of Contents
CHAPTERS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 
SUBJECT AREA DESCRIPTIONS...................................................................................... 1 
THE OCCC REPLACEMENT PROJECT .......................................................................... 10 
Hawai‘i’s Criminal Justice System (1840-1918) ......................................................... 10 
Impact of the Criminal Justice System on the Native Hawaiian Population ................ 15 
2. BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 18 
GENERAL CULTURE-HISTORICAL CONTEXT ........................................................... 18 
Early Hawaiian Settlement Patterns ............................................................................. 18 
Hawaiʻi After European Contact .................................................................................. 20 
The Māhele ‘Āina of 1848 ............................................................................................ 20 
LEGENDARY AND HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF THE SUBJECT DISTRICTS
AND AHUPUAʻA ............................................................................................................... 21 
ʻEwa District (HCF; Animal Quarantine Station; Mililani Tech Park-Lot17) ............. 22 
Kona District (Current OCCC Location) ..................................................................... 44 
Koʻolaupoko District (WCCC) .................................................................................... 59 
PRIOR RELEVANT STUDIES ........................................................................................ 688 
Previous Studies near Animal Quarantine Station and HCF ...................................... 755 
Previous Studies Near Mililani Tech Park ................................................................... 79 
Previous Studies Near Current OCCC ....................................................................... 822 
Previous Studies near WCCC ..................................................................................... 844 
3. CONSULTATION ..................................................................................................... 877 
GENERAL OCCC REPLACEMENT PROJECT ............................................................. 888 
RaeDeen M. Keahiolalo ............................................................................................. 888 
Michael Broderick ...................................................................................................... 889 
OCCC LOCATION ........................................................................................................... 900 
HCF LOCATION ................................................................................................................ 91 
ANIMAL QUARANTINE STATION LOCATION ........................................................... 92 
MILILANI TECH PARK LOT 17 LOCATION ................................................................. 95 
WCCC LOCATION ............................................................................................................ 95 
4. DISCUSSION AND ASSESSMENT OF CULTURAL IMPACTS ...................... 966 
REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................... 1011 
APPENDIX A: ............................................................................................................... 114 

CIA for the OCCC Replacement Project i
Table of Contents
FIGURES
Page
1. Possible OCCC locations plotted on composite of portions of four USGS 2013 7.5-Minute series
Quadrangles. .............................................................................................................................................. 2
2. Tax Map Key (TMK) maps showing possible OCCC locations. .............................................................. 3
3. WCCC location plotted on composite of portions of two USGS 2013 7.5-Minute series
Quadrangles (top) and on TMK map 4-2-003 (bottom). ........................................................................... 4
4. Existing parking lot at current OCCC where proposed OCCC facility would be located. ....................... 5
5. Animal Quarantine Station........................................................................................................................ 5
6. Halawa Correctional Facility recreation field and proposed location for new OCCC. ............................. 6
7. Open field at WCCC where new housing is proposed for female OCCC inmates. .................................. 6
8. Buildable portion of Mililani Tech Park Lot 17........................................................................................ 7
9. January 16, 2013 satellite image showing HCF and Hālawa Animal Quarantine locations. .................... 8
10. January 29, 2013 satellite image showing current OCCC location (outlined in red). ............................. 8
11. January 16, 2013 satellite image showing Mililani Technology Park Lot 17 location
(outlined in red). ..................................................................................................................................... 9
12. January 15, 2013 satellite image showing WCCC location. ................................................................. 10
13. Rendition of Honolulu Fort 1837, Hawai‘i State Archives, Henry Colburn collection,
PP-36-5-001. ......................................................................................................................................... 12
14. Former Oahu Jail in Iwilei with fishponds in foreground, Hawai‘i State Archives, Oahu
Prison Collection, PP-61-5-020-00001. ............................................................................................... 13
15. Exterior of former Oahu Prison, Hawai‘i State Archives, Oahu Prison Collection, PP-61-5-
005-00001. ............................................................................................................................................ 13
16. Portion of Registered map 1609 by W.A. Wall, 1893 showing site of Oahu Prison. ........................... 14
17. Former Oahu Prison yard, Hawai‘i State Archives, Oahu Prison Collection, PP-61-5-011-00001. ..... 15
18. Native Hawaiian representation at each stage of the criminal justice system
(OHA et al. 2010:27) ............................................................................................................................ 16
19. Rate of incarceration for the U.S. and Hawai‘i. (OHA et al. 2010:17) ................................................. 16
20. Hawaii Registered Map 455, showing WCCC and possible OCCC locations within
traditional moku of Oʻahu, ca. 1883. .................................................................................................... 19
21. Annotated map from Sterling and Summers (1978:57) showing some of the wahi pana of
ʻEwa referenced in the text. .................................................................................................................. 23
22. Registered Map 0123 showing Land Grant 6 and the approximate location of the Mililani
Tech Park-Lot 17. ................................................................................................................................. 31
23. “Waikele rice fields”(Photo: J.A. Gonsalves, Bishop Museum in Chong 1998:15). ............................ 32
24. 1954 USGS 7.5-Minute series Waipahu Quadrangle showing relevant landmarks from
discussion. ............................................................................................................................................ 34
25. OSC mill yard, dispensary, and plantation store with rice fields in background (Bishop
Museum Photo from Chong 1998:34). ................................................................................................. 35
26. Land utilization on Oʻahu in 1906 (top) and 1930 (bottom) relative to subject areas
(Coulter 1933:36-37) ............................................................................................................................ 37
27. USGS aerial images (1962 and 1977) and Google Earth™ satellite image (2001) with Mililani
Tech Park location outlined in red. ....................................................................................................... 38
28. Entrance to HDOT field office near the confluence of the Moanalua Freeway and the H3
Freeway. ............................................................................................................................................... 40
29. Hālawa Naval Cemetery circa 1945. ..................................................................................................... 40
30. 1952 aerial image with then former Hālawa Naval Cemetery location projected in red. ..................... 41
31. Bridge crossing north branch of Hālawa Stream. ................................................................................. 41
32. Date cast in Hālawa Stream bridge. ...................................................................................................... 42
ii AIS/CIA for TMK: (1) 9-4-0008:020, Waipiʻo Ahupuaʻa,ʻEwa, Oʻahu
Table of Contents
Page
33. Overlay projection of former cemetery location (outlined in red) onto recent aerial image. ................ 42
34. 2013 Google Earth™ image of HCF. ................................................................................................... 43
35. Annotated map from Sterling and Summers (1978:57) showing some of the wahi pana of
Kona referenced in the text. .................................................................................................................. 45
36. Planting localities for taro, wind direction, and climate in Oʻahu (Handy 1940:75). ........................... 50
37. Portion of Registered Map 2284 (ca. 1904) by A.C. Alexander showing Land Comission
Awards and Government Grants located in the vicinity of the current OCCC location. ..................... 52
38. Map of completed OR&L railroad. ....................................................................................................... 55
39. 1902 map showing OSC, Ewa Plantation, and Honolulu Plantation lands relative to the
proposed OCCC locations. ................................................................................................................... 56
40. Portion of Registered Map 2921 (dated 1932) showing the Territorial Penitentiary. ........................... 58
41. 1954 USGS aerial showing the Territorial Penitentiary located in Kalihi. ........................................... 58
42. Current OCCC-10, original Holding Unit built ca. 1912. ..................................................................... 59
43. Annotated map from Sterling and Summers (1978:57) showing some of the wahi pana of
Koʻolaupoko referenced in the text. ................................................................................................... 600
44. TMK map with LCAw., Government Grants and Māhele Awards located in the vicinity of the
WCCC. ............................................................................................................................................... 644
45. Hawai‘i Register Map 4099 (dated 1957) of the Koolau Boys’ Home and the Kawailoa girls’
Home .................................................................................................................................................. 666
46. Series of aerial imagery 1952 to 2013. ............................................................................................... 677
47. Site locations per McAllister in the vicinity of the subject areas in leeward Oʻahu. ............................ 69
48. Site locations per McAllister (1933) in WCCC vicinity. .................................................................... 733
49. Plan view and description of Ulupo Heiau from McAllister (1933:187). ........................................... 744
50. Locations of relevant previous archaeological studies conducted within the Animal Quarantine
Station and HCF vicinity. .................................................................................................................. 766
51. “View of Heiau Site B1-33 after restoration, looking NE” (Crozier 1972:6). .................................... 777
52. Locations of relevant prior studies in the Mililani Tech Park study area vicinity. ............................. 800
53. Locations of relevant previous studies conducted in the current OCCC vicinity. .............................. 833
54. TMK map showing previous studies conducted within the WCCC study area vicinity. .................... 855
55. Sign placed along the Board of Water Supply road at the location of Site 657. ................................. 911
56. Cement pillar. ...................................................................................................................................... 922
57. Stacked rock feature constructed by Mr. Kaha‘i. ................................................................................ 933
58. Petroglyph rock feature made by Mr. Kaha‘i........................................................................................ 94
59. Traditional monuments constructed by WCCC inmate at an agricultural planting area. .................... 955

TABLES
Page
1. Heiau sites recorded by Thrum* in the vicinity of the current subject areas. ....................................... 688 
2. Sites recorded by McAllister (1933) in the vicinity of the subject areas. ............................................. 700 
3. Previous studies conducted in the Animal Quarantine Station and HCF study area vicinity. .............. 755 
4. Previous studies conducted in the Mililani Tech Park study area vicinity. ............................................. 79 
5. Previous studies conducted in the current OCCC vicinity. ................................................................... 822 
6. Previous studies conducted in the WCCC study area vicinity. ............................................................. 858 

CIA for the OCCC Replacement Project iii