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Mathematics and Visualization Lars Linsen · Bernd Hamann Hans-Christian Hege Editors Visualization in Medicine and Life Sciences III Towards Making an Impact Mathematics and Visualization Serieseditors Hans-ChristianHege DavidHoffman ChristopherR.Johnson KonradPolthier MartinRumpf Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/4562 Lars Linsen Bernd Hamann Hans-Christian Hege Editors Visualization in Medicine and Life Sciences III Towards Making an Impact With161Figures, 132in color 123 Editors LarsLinsen BerndHamann DepartmentofComputerScienceand DepartmentofComputerScience ElectricalEngineering UniversityofCalifornia JacobsUniversity Davis,California,USA Bremen,Germany Hans-ChristianHege VisualizationandDataAnalysis ZuseInstituteBerlin(ZIB) Berlin,Germany ISSN1612-3786 ISSN2197-666X (electronic) MathematicsandVisualization ISBN978-3-319-24521-8 ISBN978-3-319-24523-2 (eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-24523-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2007935102 MathematicsSubjectClassification(2010):68-XX,68-06,68Uxx,68U99 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Coverillustration:“ExtractionofRobustVoidsandPocketsinProteins”byR.Sridharamurthyetal.with kindpermission Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerland Preface Medicine has for a long time been a driving force for the development of visualizationandvisualanalysismethods.Visualizationhasbecomeanintegralpart of severalclinicaltreatmentandplanningprocesses.Still, much moreneedsto be done.Manyexistingstate-of-theartvisualizationapproacheshavenotyetbecome part of daily clinical routine. It should be a major interest of the visualization communitytostrengthentheroleandimpactofvisualizationcomponentsinmedical applications and, more generally, in health services. The topics are not limited to volume visualization, the traditional field of medical visualization, but include visual analysis of highly complex data and of large databases. With this broader focus,manychallengingvisualizationproblemsremaintobesolved. Significant advancesin data acquisition and new experimentaltechniqueshave boosted research in the life sciences in recent decades. The huge amount of data collected made it necessary to include sophisticated computational tools for data analysis,andasteadystreamofnewtypesofdatarequirescontinuousdevelopment of analysis tools. An important component to data analysis is provided by visual means, i.e., by visual encoding for intuitive and effective display of the acquired data and by interactionmechanismsfor user-centeredexploration.This lies in the coreofvisualizationresearch. ThethirdinternationalworkshoponVisualizationinMedicineandLifeSciences took place in 2013 (VMLS 2013).After two successful events in 2006 and 2009, VMLS 2013 was, for the first time, colocated with the EuroVis conference. The goal of the workshop was to discuss novel visualization techniques driven by the needs in medicine and life sciences as well as new application areas and challenges for visualization within these fields. VMLS 2013 generated ideas and concepts for visual analysis of data from scientific studies of living organs or to thedeliveryofhealthcareservices.Targetscientificdomainsincludetheentirefield of biology at all scales—from genes and proteins to organs and populations—as well as interdisciplinary research based on technological advances in other fields suchasbioinformatics,biomedicine,biochemistry,andbiophysics.Moreover,they comprise the field of medicine and the application of science and technology to healthcareproblems. v vi Preface Internationally leading experts came together at VMLS 2013 in Leipzig, Ger- many. This book reflects the outcome of the workshop. It contains research and survey articles, which were solicited and peer-reviewed after the conference. The research topics covered by the papers in this book address the following visualizationthemes: • Segmentationanduncertainty • Visualizationof3Dmedicalimages • Visualizationfordiffusion-weightedimaging • Cohortstudiesandtime-varyingphenomena • Visualizationinlifesciences Theworkshopwassupported,inpart,bytheDeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)andtheEurographicsAssociation.Wewouldliketothanktheorganizersof EuroVis2013fortheircooperation. Bremen,Germany LarsLinsen Davis,CA,USA BerndHamann Berlin,Germany Hans-ChristianHege January2016 Contents PartI SegmentationandUncertainty LungSegmentationofMRImages:AReview................................ 3 TatyanaIvanovska,KatrinHegenscheid,RenéLaqua,SvenGläser, RalfEwert,andHenryVölzke Fast Uncertainty-GuidedFuzzy C-Means Segmentation ofMedicalImages................................................................ 25 AhmedAl-Taie,HorstK.Hahn,andLarsLinsen muView:AVisualAnalysisSystemforExploringUncertainty inMyocardialIschemiaSimulations........................................... 49 PaulRosen,BrettBurton,KristinPotter,andChrisR.Johnson PartII Visualizationof3DMedicalImages CombinedVolumeRegistrationandVisualization........................... 73 Arlie G. Capps, Robert J. Zawadzki, John S. Werner, andBerndHamann Feature Lines for Illustrating Medical Surface Models: MathematicalBackgroundandSurvey........................................ 93 KaiLawonnandBernhardPreim Remote Visualization Techniques for Medical Imaging ResearchandImage-GuidedProcedures...................................... 133 Peter Kohlmann, Tobias Boskamp, Alexander Köhn, Christian Rieder, AndreaSchenk,FlorianLink,Uwe Siems, Marcus Barann, Jan-Martin Kuhnigk, Daniel Demedts, andHorstK.Hahn vii viii Contents PartIII VisualizationforDiffusion-WeightedImaging VisualizationofMRIDiffusionDatabyaMulti-KernelLIC ApproachwithAnisotropicGlyphSamples................................... 157 Mark Höller, Uwe Klose, Samuel Gröschel, Kay-M. Otto, andHans-H.Ehricke ExploringCrossingFibersoftheBrain’sWhiteMatterUsing DirectionalRegionsofInterest ................................................. 179 Andreas Graumann, Mirco Richter, Christopher Nimsky, andDoritMerhof Multi-ModalVisualizationofProbabilisticTractography................... 195 MathiasGoldauandMarioHlawitschka PartIV CohortStudiesandTime-VaryingPhenomena VisualAnalyticsofImage-CentricCohortStudiesinEpidemiology....... 221 BernhardPreim,PaulKlemm,HelwigHauser,KatrinHegenscheid, SteffenOeltze,KlausToennies,andHenryVölzke Three Dimensional Visualisationof Microscope Imaging toImproveUnderstandingofHumanEmbryoDevelopment............... 249 Anna Leida Mölder, Sarah Drury, Nicholas Costen, GeraldineHartshorne,andSilvesterCzanner QuantitativeAnalysisofKneeMovementPatternsThrough ComparativeVisualization...................................................... 265 Khoa Tan Nguyen, Håkan Gauffin, Anders Ynnerman, andTimoRopinski PartV VisualizationinLifeSciences InteractiveSimilarityAnalysisandErrorDetectioninLarge TreeCollections .................................................................. 287 Jens Fangerau, Burkhard Höckendorf, Bastian Rieck, ChristianHeine,JoachimWittbrodt,andHeikeLeitte Efficient Reordering of Parallel Coordinates and Its ApplicationtoMultidimensionalBiologicalDataVisualization............ 309 TranVanLongandLarsLinsen ExtractionofRobustVoidsandPocketsinProteins ......................... 329 Raghavendra Sridharamurthy, Talha Bin Masood, Harish Doraiswamy,SiddharthPatel, RaghavanVaradarajan, andVijayNatarajan AuthorIndex...................................................................... 351 Part I Segmentation and Uncertainty

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