Visual Perception Problems in Children With AD/HD, Autism, And Other Learning Disabilities PDF
Preview Visual Perception Problems in Children With AD/HD, Autism, And Other Learning Disabilities
Visual Perception Problems in Children with AD/HD, Autism, and Other Learning Disabilities alsobyLisaA.Kurtz HowtoHelpaClumsyChild StrategiesforYoungChildrenwithDevelopmentalMotorConcerns ISBN1843107546 of relatedinterest SeeingThroughNewEyes ChangingtheLivesof ChildrenwithAutism,AspergerSyndrome andotherDevelopmentalDisabilitiesThroughVisionTherapy MelvinKaplan ForewordbyStephenM.Edelson ISBN1843108003 UnderstandingSensoryDysfunction Learning,DevelopmentandSensoryDysfunctioninAutism SpectrumDisorders,ADHD,LearningDisabilitiesandBipolarDisorder PollyGodwinEmmonsandLizMcKendryAnderson ISBN1843108062 SensoryPerceptualIssuesinAutismandAspergerSyndrome DifferentSensoryExperiences–DifferentPerceptualWorlds OlgaBogdashina ForewordsbyWendyLawsonandTheoPeeters ISBN1843101661 SensorySmarts ABookforKidswithADHDorAutismSpectrumDisorders StrugglingwithSensoryIntegrationProblems KathleenA.CharaandPaulJ.Chara,Jr.withChristianP.Chara IllustratedbyJ.M.Berns ISBN184310783X Visual Perception Problems in Children with AD/HD, Autism, and Other Learning Disabilities A Guide for Parents and Professionals Lisa A. Kurtz Jessica Kingsley Publishers London and Philadelphia Firstpublishedin2006 byJessicaKingsleyPublishers 116PentonvilleRoad LondonN19JB,UK and 400MarketStreet,Suite400 Philadelphia,PA19106,USA www.jkp.com Copyright©LisaA.Kurtz2006 Allrightsreserved.Nopartof thispublicationmaybereproducedinanymaterialform(including photocopyingorstoringitinanymediumbyelectronicmeansandwhetherornottransientlyorincidentally tosomeotheruseof thispublication)withoutthewrittenpermissionof thecopyrightownerexceptin accordancewiththeprovisionsof theCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988orunderthetermsof a licenceissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyLtd,90TottenhamCourtRoad,London,EnglandW1T 4LP.Applicationsforthecopyrightowner’swrittenpermissiontoreproduceanypartof thispublication shouldbeaddressedtothepublisher. Warning:Thedoingof anunauthorisedactinrelationtoacopyrightworkmayresultinbothacivilclaim fordamagesandcriminalprosecution. Allpagesmarked(cid:1)maybephotocopiedforpersonaluse,butmaynotbereproducedforanyother purposewithoutthepermissionof thepublisher. Libraryof CongressCataloginginPublicationData Kurtz,LisaA. VisualperceptionproblemsinchildrenwithAD/HD,autismandotherlearningdisabilities:aguidefor parentsandprofessionals/LisaA.Kurtz.--1stAmericanpbk.ed. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-13:978-1-84310-826-9(pbk.) ISBN-10:1-84310-826-7(pbk.) 1. Attention-deficithyperactivitydisorder.2. Autism.3. Autisminchildren. I.Title. RJ506.H9K872006 616.85'89--dc22 2005037054 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN-13:9781843108269 ISBN-10:1843108267 ISBNpdf eBook:1846425050 PrintedandboundinGreatBritainby AthenaeumPress,Gateshead,TyneandWear This book is dedicated to the community of learners at Jameson School in Old Orchard Beach, Maine. The energy and enthusiasm of students, staff, and parents are an inspiration! As we continue to work and learn together, may we all come to see more clearly how to promote the best possible outcomes in our special students! CONTENTS Introduction 11 Importance of vision to learning and development and the purpose of the book 11 1. Anatomy and Structure of the Visual System 15 The eye and extraocular muscles 15 The optic pathways 18 2. The Early Development of Visual Skills 21 Visual skills in the first year of life 21 Toddlers and preschoolers 23 3. Do You See What I See? Problems with Visual Skills 25 Structural vision problems 25 Functional vision impairments 28 Visual perception problems 33 4. Finding Professional Help for Problems with Vision 37 Warning signs of functional vision and perceptual disorders 38 Selecting a vision specialist 40 Assessment of cognitive visual perceptual disorders 48 5. Activities for Improving Visual Skills 61 Activities to improve functional vision 62 Activities to improve visual perception 70 6. Helping Children to Compensate for Problems with Vision 75 Strategies for maintaining visual hygiene 75 Possible compensatory strategies for vision difficulties 76 7. Resources 79 Recommended reading 79 Helpful agencies, organizations, and websites 81 Publishers of tests for visual perception 85 Suppliers of therapy and educational materials 86 APPENDIX:EQUIPMENTFABRICATION 89 Balanceboard 89 One-leggedbalancestool 90 Fingerchart 92 GLOSSARY 95 INDEX 105 List of figures and tables Figures 1.1 Structureof theeye 16 1.2 Processof accommodation 18 1.3 Visualpathways 19 3.1 Refractiveerrors 29 3.2 Theeyemuscles 31 5.1 Clotheshangerpaddle 65 5.2 Bottlescoop 65 5.3 Stickandballgame 65 5.4 Toothpicktunnel 67 5.5 Marblecanandbalancestool 69 5.6 Holeinonegame 69 5.7 Zoomball 69 A.1 Balanceboard 89 A.2 One-leggedbalancestool 90 A.3 Fingerchart 91 Tables 4.1 Functionalvisionscreeningtests 43 4.2 Professionalsinvolvedinassessmentof visualperceptionproblems 50 4.3 Testscommonlyusedtoevaluatevisualperception inchildren 52 4.4 Understandingtestscores 56
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