Verbal and Visual Communication in Early English Texts PDF
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VERBAL AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION UTRECHT STUDIES IN MEDIEVAL LITERACY 37 UTRECHT STUDIES IN MEDIEVAL LITERACY General Editor Marco Mostert (Universiteit Utrecht) Editorial Board Gerd Althoff (Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster) Michael Clanchy (University of London) Erik Kwakkel (Universiteit Leiden) Mayke de Jong (Universiteit Utrecht) Rosamond McKitterick (University of Cambridge) Arpád Orbán (Universiteit Utrecht) Armando Petrucci (Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa) Richard H. Rouse (UCLA) VERBAL AND VISUAL COMMUNICATION IN EARLY ENGLISH TEXTS Edited by Matti Peikola, Aleksi Mäkilähde, Hanna Salmi, Mari-Liisa Varila, and Janne Skaffari H F British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library The image on the front cover of this book, British Library Additional 37049, f. 9v, is made available under a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication, and can be found online at: https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP? Size=mid&IIIID=13370 © 2017 – Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2017/0095/201 ISBN 978-2-503-57464-6 e-ISBN 978-2-503-57465-3 DOI: 10.1484/M.USML-EB.5.112805 Printed on acid-free paper Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Part I: Discourse Linguistics Meets Book History Disciplinary Decoding: Towards Understanding the Language of Visual and Material Features MARI-LIISA VARILA, HANNA SALMI, ALEKSI MÄKILÄHDE, JANNE SKAFFARI, and MATTI PEIKOLA 1 Part II: Communicating through Layout Discourse Variation, Mise-en-page, and Textual Organisation in Middle English Saints’ Lives COLETTE MOORE 23 How the Page Functions: Reading Pitscottie’s Cronicles in Manuscript and Print FRANCESCA L. MACKAY 41 Verbal and Visual Communication in Title Pages of Early Modern English Specialised Medical Texts MAURA RATIA and CARLA SUHR 67 Quantifying Contrasts: A Method of Computational Analysis of Visual Features on the Early Printed Page JUKKA TYRKKÖ 95 vi Contents Part III: Communicating through Script and Typography Stating the Obvious in Runes YIN LIU 125 Labours Lost: William Caxton’s “Otiose” Sorts, c. 1472-1482 ANYA ADAIR 141 Code-Switching, Script-Switching, and Typeface-Switching in Early Modern English Manuscript Letters and Printed Tracts SAMULI KAISLANIEMI 165 Seeing is Reading: Typography in Some Early Modern Dictionaries R.W. MCCONCHIE 201 Whose Letters Are They Anyway? Addressing the Issue of Scribal Writing in Bess of Hardwick’s Early Modern English Letters I.J. MARCUS 219 Bibliography 251 Index 277 Abbreviations CEECS Corpus of Early English Correspondence Sampler (Helsinki, 1998), at: <http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEC/ceecs.html>. DIMEV Digital Index of Medieval English Verse, at: <http://www.dimev.net/>. ECCO Eighteenth Century Collections Online, at: <http://www.gales.com/ primary-sources/eighteenth-century-collections-online/>. EEBO Early English Books Online, at: <http://eebo.chadwyck.com/home>. EMEMT Early Modern English Medical Texts, see: <http://www.helsinki.fi/ varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEM/EMEMTindex.html>. ESTC English Short Title Catalogue, at: <http://estc.bl.uk/F/?func=file&file_ name=login-bl-estc>. IMEV C. BROWN and R.H. ROBBINS, Index of Middle English Verse (New York, 1943), and R.H. ROBBINS and J.L. CUTLER, Supplement to the Index of Middle English Verse (Lexington, KY, 1965). LALME A. MCINTOSH, M.L. SAMUELS and M. BENSKIN, A Linguistic Atlas of Late Mediaeval English, 4 vols. (Aberdeen, 1986). LMEMT Late Medieval English Medical Texts, see: <http://www.helsinki.fi/ varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEM/LMEMTindex.html>. OED Oxford English Dictionary [started as: A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by The Philological Society], 2nd and 3rd edn. (Oxford, 1989-). <www.oed. com>. STC POLLARD, A.W., and G.R. REDGRAVE, A Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of English Books Printed Abroad 1475-1640, 2nd edn. W.A. JACKSON, F.S. FERGUSON, and K.F. PANTZER, 3 vols. (London, 1976-1991). TEAMS TEAMS Middle English Texts Series, at: <http://d.lib.rochester.edu/teams>. WING WING, D., Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland and Ireland, Wales and British America and of English Books Printed in Other Countries 1641-1700, 2nd. edn., 3 vols. (1972-1988). Preface THE EDITORS The foundations for the present volume were laid at the international sym- posium Linguistics Meets Book History: Seeking New Approaches, or- ganised by the ‘Pragmatics on the Page’ research team in Turku, Finland, 24-25 October, 2014. This event brought together thirty researchers from Fin- land, the UK, the USA, and Canada to explore the interplay between the verbal / linguistic and the visual / material in medieval and early modern texts, with a focus on both handwritten and printed media. The symposium helped to facili- tate the exchange of ideas, methods and best practices between two broad fields which – despite their mutual interest in this area – are not often brought into dialogue with each other: linguistic scholarship (especially discourse linguis- tics, pragmatics, stylistics) and book history (including textual scholarship and material philology). In our work towards this book we have incurred many debts of gratitude. First of all, heartfelt thanks are due to our ten contributors for their high-quality chapters and their unfailing commitment and collaboration during the editorial process. We are grateful to Marco Mostert for providing us with an excellent publication forum in Utrecht Studies in Medieval Literacy and for his erudition and experience as the General Editor of the series. We wish to thank Ms. Annimari Ollila for her invaluable assistance in copyediting and compiling the general bibliography, and Ms. Liina Repo for her indispensable help with com- piling the index. This book would not have materialised without the stimulating intellectual environment of the ‘Pragmatics on the Page’ research team (2010-) and the contributions made to it by our colleagues and team members Risto Hiltunen, Ruth Carroll, Carla Suhr, and Ellen Valle. During the preparation of x Preface the volume, the members of the editorial team have been supported by research funding from the Academy of Finland (decision numbers 136404, 257059 and 258434), the Alfred Kordelin Foundation, the Ella and Georg Ehrnrooth Foun- dation and the Finnish Cultural Foundation. We also wish to express our grati- tude to the Turku University Foundation, Turku Centre for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (TUCEMEMS), the Department of English at the University of Turku, and the City of Turku for their financial support of the 2014 sympo- sium.
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