Ushering in a new Republic : theologies of arrival at Rome in the first century BCE PDF
Preview Ushering in a new Republic : theologies of arrival at Rome in the first century BCE
Ushering in a New Republic Ushering in a New Republic Theologies of Arrival at Rome in the First Century BCE Trevor S. Luke The University of Michigan Press Ann Arbor Copyright © by Trevor Luke 2014 All rights reserved This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid- free paper 2017 2016 2015 2014 4 3 2 1 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Luke, Trevor S. Ushering in a new Republic : theologies of arrival at Rome in the first century BCE / Trevor S. Luke. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 472- 07222- 4 (hardcover : acid- free paper) — ISBN 978- 0- 472- 05222- 6 (paperback : acid- free paper) — ISBN 978- 0- 472- 12038- 3 (e- book) 1. Rome— Politics and government— 265– 30 B.C. 2. Rome— Politics and gov- ernment— 30 B.C.– 68 A.D. 3. Rome— History, Military. 4. Emperors— Rome— History. 5. Generals— Rome— History. 6. Political customs and rites— Rome— History. 7. Religion and politics— Rome— History. 8. Theology— Political aspects— Rome— History. 9. Performance— Rome— Religious aspects— History. 10. Classical literature— History and criticism. I. Title. DG254.2.L85 2014 937'.05— dc23 2013048529 Carissimae Acknowledgments This monograph developed from my doctoral dissertation, which I submit- ted to the University of Pennsylvania. I am in debt to my adviser, Brent Shaw, whose seminar on Tacitus first sparked my interest in adventus, and to the members of my committee, whose critiques were useful for helping me reframe my project. I am also indebted to my first mentor in things Roman, Prof. John F. Hall, whose work on the saeculum inspired my con- tinuing interest in the subject. I would like to thank my colleague Laurel Fulkerson for reading an early version of the manuscript, offering many helpful suggestions, and bringing important bibliography to my notice. I would also like to thank the anonymous readers of the University of Michi- gan Press, whose comments and suggestions were invaluable. All errors in the text are, of course, my own. An earlier version of chapter 4 appeared in volume 15 of the Papers of the Langford Latin Seminar. I thank Francis Cairns for permission to include a modified version of the material here. Earlier versions of some of the mate- rial in other chapters were presented at the annual meetings of the Ameri- can Philological Association and the Classical Association of the Middle West and South and at meetings of the Conference on Orality and Literacy in the Ancient World and the Project for Redescribing Graeco- Roman An- tiquity. I benefited greatly from the thought- provoking comments and chal- lenging questions I was offered on each occasion. Particularly beneficial was the 2010 Spring Langford Conference, which I assisted my colleague Allen Romano in organizing. My special appreciation goes to the speak- ers who kindly accepted our invitation and shared their brilliant insights with us. Funding from Florida State University’s President’s Travel Grant Program and First Year Assistant Professor Award enabled me to travel to viii acknowledgments conferences and conduct crucial research. Finally, I would like to thank the editorial staff of the University of Michigan Press, most especially Ellen Bauerle and Alexa Ducsay, for making this monograph a reality. This book is dedicated to five people: my dearest wife, whose love, pa- tience, and tireless effort inspired me to keep pressing forward; both my parents, whose innate curiosity and keen intelligence sparked my imagina- tion; T. J. Wellman, a friend of rare character, brilliant insight, and exacting critical faculties; and Don Bradley, a great friend and invaluable interlocu- tor for historical brainstorming. All translations in this monograph are my own unless otherwise indi- cated. Contents Abbreviations xi Introduction: Performance, Political Theology, and Arrival 1 Part I. The Sullan Republic Chapter 1. The Theology of Departure and Arrival in Sulla’s Memoir 33 Chapter 2. Pompey’s Recognitio Equitum 59 Chapter 3. Cicero’s Epic and Civic Theologies of Departure and Return 88 Part II. The Civil War Chapter 4. Julius Caesar as Rex? The Ovatio of January 44 115 Chapter 5. Octavian’s Return in 36: Achieving His Father’s Honors 140 Part III. The Res Gestae and the Advent of the Princeps Chapter 6. The Res Gestae as Divine Relic 175 Chapter 7. Theologies of Arrival in the Res Gestae 197 Chapter 8. Augustus as the New Numa 242 Conclusion: Apotheosis and Succession 261 Bibliography 279 Index 319 Illustrations follow page 278
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