Unifying Themes in Complex Systems, Volume VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Complex Systems PDF
Preview Unifying Themes in Complex Systems, Volume VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Complex Systems
Unifying Themes in Complex Systems Volume VI Springer Complexity SpringerComplexityisapublicationprogram,cuttingacrossalltraditionaldisciplinesofsciences aswellasengineering,economics,medicine,psychologyandcomputersciences,whichisaimedat researchers,studentsandpractitionersworkinginthefieldofcomplexsystems.ComplexSystems aresystemsthatcomprisemanyinteractingpartswiththeabilitytogenerateanewqualityofmacro scopiccollectivebehaviorthroughself-organization,e.g.,thespontaneousformation oftemporal, spatialorfunctional structures.Thisrecognition,thatthecollectivebehaviorofthewholesystem cannotbesimplyinferredfromtheunderstandingofthebehavioroftheindividual components, hasledtovariousnewconceptsandsophisticatedtoolsofcomplexity.Themainconceptsandtools - withsometimesoverlappingcontentsandmethodologies- arethetheoriesofself-organization, complexsystems,synergetics,dynamicalsystems,turbulence,catastrophes,instabilities,nonlinear ity,stochasticprocesses,chaos,neuralnetworks,cellularautomata,adaptivesystems,andgenetic algorithms. ThetopicstreatedwithinSpringerComplexityareasdiverseaslasersorfluids inphysics, machinecuttingphenomenaofworkpiecesorelectriccircuitswithfeedbackinengineering,growth ofcrystalsorpatternformationinchemistry,morphogenesisinbiology,brainfunctioninneurology, behaviorofstockexchangeratesineconomics,ortheformationofpublicopinioninsociology.All theseseeminglyquitedifferentkindsofstructureformation haveanumberofimportantfeatures andunderlyingstructuresincommon.Thesedeepstructuralsimilaritiescanbeexploitedtotransfer analyticalmethodsandunderstandingfromonefieldtoanother.TheSpringerComplexityprogram thereforeseekstofostercross-fertilizationbetweenthedisciplinesandadialoguebetweentheo reticiansandexperimentalistsforadeeperunderstandingofthegeneralstructureandbehaviorof complexsystems. Theprogramconsistsofindividualbooks,booksseriessuchas"SpringerSeriesinSynerget ics","InstituteofNonlinearScience","PhysicsofNeuralNetworks",and"UnderstandingComplex Systems",aswellasvariousjournals. New England Complex Systems Institute President YaneerBar-Yam NewEngland Complex Systems Institute NECS/ 24 Mt. Auburn St. Cambridge,MA 02138, USA For over 10 years, The New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI) has been instrumentalin thedevelopment ofcomplex systems scienceanditsapplications.NECSI conducts research, education, know-ledge dissemination, and community development aroundtheworldforthepromotion ofthestudyofcomplexsystemsanditsapplication for thebettermentofsociety. NECSIwas foundedby faculty of NewEngland area academic institutions in 1996 to furtherinternationalresearch andunderstanding ofcomplex systems.Complex systemsis agrowing field of science that aims to understand howparts ofasystem give rise to the system's collectivebehaviors,andhowit interacts with itsenvironment.Thesequestions canbestudiedingeneral,andtheyarealsorelevanttoall traditionalfieldsofscience. Social systems formed (in part) out of people, the brain formed out of neurons, molecules formedoutofatoms,and theweatherformedfromairflows areall examples of complex systems. The field of complex systems intersects all traditional disciplines of physical, biological and social sciences, as well as engineering, management, and medicine. Advanced education in complex systems attracts professionals, as complex systems science provides practical approaches to health care, social networks, ethnic violence, marketing, military conflict, education, systems engineering, international developmentandterrorism. Thestudyofcomplex systemsisaboutunderstanding indirecteffects.Problemswefind difficult to solve have causes and effects that are not obviously related, Pushing on a complex system"here"often haseffects "overthere"becausetheparts areinterdependent. Thishasbecome moreandmoreapparent inourefforts to solvesocietalproblemsoravoid ecological disasterscausedby ourown actions.The field ofcomplex systems providesa number of sophisticated tools, some of them conceptual helping us think about these systems,someofthemanalytical forstudyingthese systemsingreaterdepth,andsomeof themcomputerbasedfordescribing,modelingorsimulatingthem. NECSI research develops basic concepts and formal approaches as well as their applicationstorealworldproblems.ContributionsofNECSIresearchersincludestudiesof networks, agent-based modeling, multiscale analysis and complexity, chaos and predictability, evolution, ecology, biodiversity, altruism, systems biology, cellular response, health care, systems engineering, negotiation, military conflict, ethnic violence,andinternationaldevelopment. NECSIuses many modesof education to further the investigationof complex systems. Throughouttheyear,classes, seminars,conferencesandotherprogramsassiststudents and professionalsalike in theirunderstandingofcomplex systems.Courses have been taught all over the world: Australia, Canada, China, Colombia, France, Italy, Japan, Korea, Portugal, Russia and many states of the U.S.NECSIalso sponsors postdoctoral fellows, providesresearch resources,andhosts theInternational ConferenceonComplex Systems, discussion groups andwebresources. @ NewEngland Complex Systems Institute Book Series Series Editor DanBraha NECSI NewEngland Complex Systems Institute 24 Mt. Auburn St. Cambridge,MA02138,USA NewEnglandComplexSystemsInstituteBook Series The world around is full of the wonderful interplay of relationships and emergent behaviors. The beautiful and mysterious way that atoms form biological and social systemsinspiresustonewefforts inscience.Asoursociety becomesmoreconcernedwith howpeopleareconnectedtoeachotherthanhowtheyworkindependently, soscience has become interested in the nature of relationships and relatedness. Through relationships elements act togethertobecome systems, andsystemsachieve function andpurpose.The study of complex systems is remarkable in the closeness of basic ideas and practical implications.Advances inourunderstanding ofcomplex systems give newopportunities for insight in science andimprovement of society.This is manifest in the relevance to engineering, medicine, management and education. We devote this book series to the communicationofrecentadvancesandreviewsofrevolutionary ideasandtheirapplication topractical concerns. Unifying Themes in Complex Systems VI Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Complex Systems Edited by Ali Minai, Dan Braha and Yaneer Bar-Yam Ali A. Minai Univeristy of Cincinnati Department ofElectrical and Computer Engineering, and Computer Science P.O. Box 210030, Rhodes Hall 814 Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030, USA Email: [email protected] Dan Braha New England Complex Systems Institute 24 Mt. Auburn St. Cambridge, MA 02138-3068, USA Email: [email protected] Yaneer Bar-Yam New England Complex Systems Institute 24 Mt. Auburn St. Cambridge, MA 02138-3068,USA Email: [email protected] This volume is part of the New England Complex Systems Institute Series on Complexity Library of Congress Control Number: 2008931598 ISBN-978-3-540-85080-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg NewYork This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law ofSeptember 9, 1965, in its current version. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer isa part of Springer Science-l-Business Media springer.com NECSI Cambridge, Massachusetts 2008 Printed in the USA The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. CONTENTS - VOLUME VI Introduction vii Organization and Program viii NECSI Publications xxiv PART I: Methods Daniel Polani Emergence, Intrinsic Structure ofInformation, and Agenthood 3 Susan Sgorbati & Bruce Weber How Deep and Broad are the Laws ofEmergence? 11 Victor Korotkikh & Galina Korotkikh On an Irreducible Theory of ComplexSystems 19 Jacek Marczyk & Balachandra Deshpande Measuring and Tracking Complexity in Science 27 Val K. Bykovsky Data-Driven Modeling ofComplex Systems 34 Tibor Bosse, Alexei Sharpanskykh & Jan Treur Modelling Complex Systems by Integration ofAgent-Based and Dynamical Systems Models 42 Yuriy Gulak On Elementary and Algebraic Cellular Automata 50 David G. Green, Tania G. Leishman & Suzanne Sadedin Dual Phase Evolution - A Mechanism for Self-Organization in Complex Systems 58 Jun Wu, Yue-Jin Tan, Hong-Zhong Deng & Da-Zhi Zhu A New Measure ofHeterogeneity ofComplex Networks Based on Degree Sequence 66 Daniel E. Whitney & David Alderson Are Technological and Social Networks Really Different? 74 Takeshi Ozeki Evolutional Family Networks Generated by Group-Entry Growth Mechanism with Preferential Attachment and their Features 82 Gabor Csardi, Katherine Strandburg, Laszlo Zalanyi, Jan Tobochnik & Peter Erdi Estimating the Dynamics ofKernel-Based Evolving Networks 90 Pedram Hovareshti & John S. Baras Consensus Problems on Small World Graphs: A Structural Study 98 Thomas F. Brantle & M. Hosein Fallah Complex Knowledge Networks and Invention Collaboration 106 Philip Vos Fellman & Jonathan Vos Post Complexity, Competitive Intelligence and the "First Mover" Advantage 114 Jiang He & M. Hosein Fallah Mobility ofInnovators and Prosperity ofGeographical Technology Clusters 122 Vito Albino, Nunzia Carbonara & Haria Giannoccaro Adaptive Capacity of Geographical Clusters: Complexity Scienceand Network Theory Approach 130 Philip Vos Fellman Corporate Strategy an Evolutionary Review 138 Diane M. McDonald & Nigel Kay Towards an Evaluation Framework for Complex Social Systems 146 Kevin Brandt Operational Synchronization 154 Philip Vos Fellman The Complexity ofTerrorist Networks 162 Czeslaw Mesjasz Complexity Studies and Security in the Complex World: An Epistemological Framework of Analysis 170 Giuseppe Narzisi, Venkatesh Mysore, Jeewoong Byeon & Bud Mishra Complexities, Catastrophes and Cities: Emergency Dynamics in Varying Scenarios and Urban Topologies 178 Samantha Kleinberg, Marco Antoniotti, Satish Tadepalli, Naren Ramakrishnan & Bud Mishra Systems Biologyvia Redescription and Ontologies(II): A Tool for Discoveryin Complex Systems 186 Hector Sabelli & Lazar Kovacevic Biotic Population Dynamics: Creative Biotic Patterns 194 PART II: Models Rene Doursat The Growing Canvas ofBiological Development: Multiscale Pattern Generation on an Expanding Lattice ofGene Regulatory Nets 203 Franziska Matthaus, Carlos Salazar &: Oliver Ebenhoh Compound Clustering and Consensus Scopes ofMetabolic Networks 211 Robert Melamede Endocannabinoids: Multi-scaled, Global Homeostatic Regulators of Cellsand Society 219 Walter Riofrio &: Luis Angel Aguilar Different Neurons Population Distribution correlates with 'Iopologic-Temporal Dynamic AcousticInformation Flow 227 Mark Hoogendoorn, Martijn C. Schut &: Jan Treur Modeling the Dynamics ofTask Allocation and Specialization in Honeybee Societies 235 Garrett M. Dancik, Douglas E. Jones &: Karin S. Dorman An Agent-Based Model for Leishmania majorInfection 243 Holger Lange, Bjorn 0kland &: Paal Krokene To Be or Twice To Be? The Life Cycle Development ofthe Spruce Bark Beetle Under Climate Change 251 Tibor Bosse, Alexei Sharpanskykh &: Jan Treur A Formal Analysisof Complexity Monotonicity 259 Claudio Tebaldi &: Deborah Lacitignola Complex Features in Lotka-Volterra Systems with Behavioral Adaptation 267 Gerald H. Thomas Sc Keelan Kane A DynamicTheory of Strategic Decision Making Applied to the Prisoners Dilemma 275 Mike Mesterton-Gibbons &: Tom N. Sherratt Animal Network Phenomena: Insights from Triadic Games 283 Simon Angus Endogenous Cooperation Network Formation 291 Khan Md. Mahbubush Salam &: Kazuyuki Ikko Takahashi Mathematical Model of Conflict and Cooperation with Non-Annihilating Multi-Opponent 299 Margaret Lyell, Rob Flo &: Mateo Mejia-Tellez Simulation ofPedestrian Agent Crowds, with Crisis 307 Michael T. Gastner Traffic Flow in a Spatial Network Model 315
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