Table of Contents Cover image Front Matter Copyright Reviewers Dedication Preface CHAPTER 1. Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice Key Terms CHAPTER 2. Introduction to the Quantitative Research Process Key Terms CHAPTER 3. Introduction to the Qualitative Research Process Key Terms CHAPTER 4. Examining Ethics in Nursing Research Key Terms CHAPTER 5. Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses Key Terms CHAPTER 6. Understanding the Literature Review in Published Studies Key Terms CHAPTER 7. Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks Key Terms CHAPTER 8. Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs Key Terms CHAPTER 9. Examining Populations and Samples in Research Key Terms CHAPTER 10. Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research Key Terms CHAPTER 11. Understanding Statistics in Research Key Terms CHAPTER 12. Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice Key Terms CHAPTER 13. Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice Key Terms CHAPTER 14. Introduction to Outcomes Research Key Terms Glossary Index Front Matter 5th EDITION Understanding Nursing Research BUILDING AN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE Nancy Burns, PhD, RN, FCN, FAAN Professor Emeritus College of Nursing The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas; Faith Community Nurse St. Matthew Cumberland Presbyterian Church Burleson, Texas Susan K. Grove, PhD, RN, ANP-BC, GNP-BC Professor College of Nursing The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas; Adult Nurse Practitioner Family Practice Grand Prairie, Texas With Special Contributions By: Jennifer Gray, PhD, RN George W. and Hazel M. Jay Professor, College of Nursing Associate Dean, PhD in Nursing Program The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas Copyright 3251 Riverport Lane Maryland Heights, MO 63043 UNDERSTANDING NURSING RESEARCH, 5 TH EDITION ISBN: 978-1- 43770750-2 Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 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Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. The Publisher Previous editions copyrighted 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Burns, Nancy, Ph. D. Understanding nursing research : building an evidence-based practice / Nancy Burns, Susan K. Grove ; with special contributions by Jennifer Gray.—5th ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-43770750-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Nursing–Research–Methodology. 2. Evidence-based nursing. I. Grove, Susan K. II. Gray, Jennifer, 1955-III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Nursing Research—methods. 2. Evidence-Based Nursing. WY 20.5 B967u 2011] RT81.5.B863 2011 610.73072—dc22 2010017591 Editor: Maureen Iannuzzi Associate Developmental Editor: Mary Ann Zimmerman Publishing Services Manager: Jeff Patterson Project Manager: Tracey Schriefer Design Direction: Karen Pauls Printed in the United States of America Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Reviewers Jennifer Gray, PhD, RN George W. and Hazel M. Jay Professor, College of Nursing Associate Dean, PhD in Nursing Program The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas Robyn Nelson, PhD, RN Dean of Health Services Touro University Las Vegas, Nevada Dedication To current and future registered nurses who have dedicated their careers to improving practice with best research evidence. —Nancy and Susan To my husband Jay Suggs who is my greatest supporter in all I do. —Susan To my brother Richard who is the most courageous person I know. —Nancy
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