Understanding Emotions

521 Pages·2013·11.43 MB·English

by  Dacher Keltner, Keith Oatley, Jennifer M. Jenkins

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U E
NDERSTANDING MOTIONS
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ToNatalie,Serafina,Simon,
Grant,andHannah
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U E
NDERSTANDING MOTIONS
THIRD
EDITION
Dacher Keltner
Keith Oatley
Jennifer M. Jenkins
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ISBN-13 978-1118-14743-6
ISBN-10 1118-14743-X
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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B C
RIEF ONTENTS
Figures xvii
Tables xxv
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments xxxi
PART I P E 1
ERSPECTIVES ON MOTIONS
1 ApproachestoUnderstandingEmotions 3
2 EvolutionofEmotions 31
3 CulturalUnderstandingsofEmotions 57
PART II E E 81
LEMENTS OF MOTIONS
4 CommunicationofEmotions 83
5 BodilyChangesandEmotions 113
6 BrainMechanismsandEmotion 137
7 Appraisal,Knowledge,andExperience 161
PART III E S L 183
MOTIONS AND OCIAL IFE
8 DevelopmentofEmotionsinChildhood 185
9 EmotionsinSocialRelationships 212
10 EmotionsandCognition 235
PART IV E I 261
MOTIONS AND THE NDIVIDUAL
11 IndividualDifferencesinEmotionality 263
12 Emotion-BasedDisordersofChildhood 293
13 MentalDisorderandWell-BeinginAdulthood 326
v
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vi BRIEFCONTENTS
14 Consciousness,Regulation,Psychotherapy 354
References 381
AuthorIndex 463
SubjectIndex 477
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C
ONTENTS
F xvii
IGURES
T xxv
ABLES
P xxvii
REFACE
A xxxi
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
PART I PERSPECTIVES ON EMOTIONS 1
1 A U E 3
PPROACHESTO NDERSTANDING MOTIONS
Introduction, 4
WhatIsanEmotion?FirstIdeas, 4
Nineteenth-CenturyFounders, 5
CharlesDarwin:TheEvolutionaryApproach, 5
WilliamJames:ThePhysiologicalApproach, 7
SigmundFreud:ThePsychotherapeuticApproach, 9
PhilosophicalandLiteraryApproaches, 10
AristotleandtheEthicsofEmotions, 11
Rene(cid:1)Descartes:PhilosophicallySpeaking, 14
GeorgeEliot:TheWorldoftheArts, 15
BrainScience,Psychology,Sociology, 17
JohnHarlow,TaniaSinger:NewBrainScience, 17
MagdaArnold,SylvanTomkins:NewPsychologicalTheories, 21
AliceIsen:NewExperimentation, 22
ErvingGoffman,ArlieRussellHochschild:SelvesandOthers, 24
WhatIsanEmotion?SomeConceptions, 25
Researchers’ConceptionsofEmotions, 25
TheEmotionalRealm:Emotions,Moods,Dispositions, 28
EpisodesofEmotion, 28
Moods, 28
vii
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viii CONTENTS
EmotionalDisorders, 28
PersonalityTraits, 29
Summary, 29
FurtherReading, 30
2 E E 31
VOLUTIONOF MOTIONS
ElementsofanEvolutionaryApproach, 32
SelectionPressures, 32
Adaptation, 33
NaturalDesignforGeneReplication, 35
ThreeSocialMotivationsandOneAntisocialMotivation, 38
Attachment, 38
Assertion, 40
Affiliation, 41
EmotionsintheSpaceofThreeSocialMotivations, 42
AntisocialMotivation, 43
WhyHumanEmotionsAreAsTheyAre, 44
SocialLivesofChimpanzees, 44
HumanAncestry, 49
ModernHunter-GathererSocieties, 52
EmotionsasBasesofHumanRelationships, 54
Summary, 56
FurtherReading, 56
3 C U E 57
ULTURAL NDERSTANDINGSOF MOTIONS
TheConstructionofEmotionsintheWest, 58
ACulturalApproachtoEmotion, 60
Self-Construal:IndependentandInterdependentSelves, 61
Values, 63
Epistemology, 66
ApproachestoStudyingCulturalInfluencesonEmotion, 68
Cross-CulturalComparisons, 68
Ethnographies, 70
HistoricalApproaches, 73
IntegratingEvolutionaryandCulturalApproachestoEmotion, 76
Summary, 78
FurtherReading, 79