UMTS Signaling: UMTS Interfaces, Protocols, Message Flows and Procedures Analyzed and Explained, Second Edition

564 Pages·2007·3.44 MB·English

by  Ralf Kreher

UMTS Signaling
Second Edition
UMTS Signaling
UMTS Interfaces, Protocols,
Message Flows and Procedures
Analyzed and Explained
Second Edition
Ralf Kreher and Torsten Ru¨debusch
Bothof
TektronixBerlinGmbH&Co.KG
Germany
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Contents
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
AbouttheAuthors xix
1 UMTSBasics 1
1.1 Standards 2
1.2 NetworkArchitecture 4
1.2.1 GSM 4
1.2.2 UMTSRelease99 5
1.2.3 UMTSRelease4 7
1.2.4 UMTSRelease5 8
1.2.5 HSPA 12
1.2.6 UMTSRelease6 21
1.2.7 UMTSRelease7andBeyond 24
1.2.8 TD-SCDMA 26
1.3 UMTSInterfaces 28
1.3.1 IuInterface 28
1.3.2 IubInterface 29
1.3.3 IurInterface 29
1.4 UMTSDomainArchitecture 31
1.5 UTRAN 31
1.5.1 RNC 33
1.5.2 NodeB 35
1.5.3 AreaConcept 35
1.5.4 UMTSUserEquipmentandUSIM 36
1.5.5 Mobiles 38
1.5.6 QoSArchitecture 39
1.6 UMTSSecurity 41
1.6.1 HistoricDevelopment 41
1.6.2 UMTSSecurityArchitecture 46
1.6.3 AuthenticationandKeyAgreement(AKA) 48
1.6.4 Kasumi/Misty 53
1.6.5 Integrity–AirInterfaceIntegrityMechanism 55
vi Contents
1.6.6 Confidentiality–Encryption(Ciphering)onUuandIub 58
1.6.7 UMTSNetworkTransactions 63
1.7 RadioInterfaceBasics 63
1.7.1 DuplexMethods 64
1.7.2 MultipleAccessMethods 64
1.7.3 UMTSCDMA 65
1.7.4 CDMASpreading/Channelization 66
1.7.5 Microdiversity–Multipath(FDDandTDD) 67
1.7.6 Microdiversity–SofterHandover(FDD) 67
1.7.7 Macrodiversity–SoftHandover(FDD) 68
1.7.8 UMTSSpreading(FDDandTDD) 68
1.7.9 Scrambling 69
1.7.10 CodingSummary(FDD) 69
1.7.11 SignaltoInterference(FDD) 69
1.7.12 CellBreathing(FDD) 70
1.7.13 UMTSChannels(FDDandTDD) 72
1.7.14 TransportChannels(FDDandTDD) 74
1.7.15 CommonTransportChannels(FDDandTDD) 74
1.7.16 DedicatedTransportChannels(FDDandTDD) 75
1.7.17 InitialUERadioAccess(FDD) 76
1.7.18 PowerControl(FDDandTDD) 77
1.7.19 UERandomAccess(FDD) 79
1.7.20 PowerControlinSoftHandover(FDD) 80
1.8 UMTSNetworkProtocolArchitecture 81
1.8.1 Iub–ControlPlane 82
1.8.2 Iub–UserPlane 83
1.8.3 Iur–User/ControlPlane 84
1.8.4 luCS–User/ControlPlane 85
1.8.5 IuPS–User/ControlPlane 86
1.8.6 E–User/ControlPlane 86
1.8.7 Gn–User/ControlPlane 87
1.9 SIGTRAN 87
1.10 ATM 89
1.10.1 ATMCell 90
1.10.2 ATMLayerArchitecture 91
1.10.3 ATMAdaptionLayer(AAL) 91
1.10.4 AAL2 92
1.10.5 AAL5 92
1.11 UserPlaneFramingProtocol 93
1.11.1 FrameArchitecture 93
1.11.2 FPControlFrameArchitecture 94
1.12 MediumAccessProtocol(MAC) 95
1.12.1 MACArchitecture 95
1.12.2 MACDataPDU 96
1.12.3 MACHeaderAlternatives 98
Contents vii
1.13 RadioLinkControl(RLC) 98
1.13.1 RLCServices 99
1.13.2 RLCFunctions 100
1.13.3 RLCArchitecture 102
1.13.4 RLCDataPDUs 103
1.13.5 OtherRLCPDUs 104
1.14 ServiceSpecificConnectionOrientedProtocol(SSCOP) 104
1.14.1 ExampleSSCOP 105
1.15 ServiceSpecificCoordinationFunction(SSCF) 106
1.16 MessageTransferPartLevel3–Broadband(MTP3-B) 106
1.17 InternetProtocol(IP) 107
1.17.1 IPv4FrameArchitecture 108
1.18 SignalingTransportConverter(STC) 108
1.19 SignalingConnectionControlPart(SCCP) 109
1.19.1 ExampleSCCP 110
1.20 AbstractSyntaxNotationOne(ASN.1)inUMTS 111
1.20.1 ASN.1BER 111
1.20.2 ASN.1PER 112
1.21 RadioResourceControl(RRC) 112
1.21.1 RRCStates(3GPP25.331) 113
1.21.2 SystemInformationBlocks(SIBs) 118
1.22 NodeBApplicationPart(NBAP) 124
1.22.1 NBAPFunctions 124
1.22.2 NBAPElementaryProcedures(EPs) 125
1.22.3 Example–NBAP 126
1.23 RadioNetworkSubsystemApplicationPart(RNSAP) 126
1.23.1 RNSAPFunctions 126
1.23.2 Example–RNSAPProcedures 127
1.24 RadioAccessNetworkApplicationPart(RANAP) 128
1.24.1 RANAPElementaryProcedures(EPs) 129
1.24.2 Example–RANAPProcedure 131
1.25 ATMAdaptationLayerType2–Layer3(AAL2L3/ALCAP) 131
1.25.1 AAL2L3MessageFormat 131
1.25.2 Example–AAL2L3Procedure 132
1.26 IUUserPlaneProtocol 134
1.26.1 IuUPTransparentMode 134
1.26.2 IuUPSupportModeDataFrames 134
1.26.3 IuUPSupportModeControlFrames 136
1.26.4 Example–IuUPSupportModeMessageFlow 136
1.27 AdaptiveMultirate(AMR)Codec 136
1.27.1 AMRIF1FrameArchitecture 138
1.28 TerminalAdaptationFunction(TAF) 138
1.29 RadioLinkProtocol(RLP) 139
1.30 PacketDataConvergenceProtocol(PDCP) 140
1.30.1 PDCPPDUFormat 140
viii Contents
1.31 Broadcast/MulticastControl(BMC) 141
1.31.1 BMCArchitecture 141
1.32 Circuit-SwitchedMobilityManagement(MM) 141
1.33 Circuit-SwitchedCallControl(CC) 142
1.34 Example–MobileOriginatedCall(CircuitSwitched) 143
1.35 Packet-SwitchedMobilityManagement(GMM) 144
1.36 Packet-SwitchedSessionManagement(SM) 144
1.37 Example–ActivatePDPContext(PacketSwitched) 145
2 ShortIntroductiontoNetworkMonitoring,Troubleshooting,and
NetworkOptimization 147
2.1 IubMonitoring 147
2.1.1 IMA 147
2.1.2 FractionalATM 148
2.1.3 LoadSharingandAddressingonIub 149
2.1.4 TroubleshootingIubMonitoringScenarios 150
2.2 IuMonitoring 151
2.2.1 TroubleshootingIuMonitoring 154
2.3 NetworkOptimizationandNetworkTroubleshooting 155
2.3.1 Cell-relatedPerformanceRelevantData 159
2.3.2 Call-relatedPerformanceRelevantData 164
3 UMTSUTRANSignalingProcedures 171
3.1 Iub–NodeBSetup 172
3.1.1 Overview 172
3.1.2 MessageFlow 173
3.2 Iub–IMSI/GPRSAttachProcedure 191
3.2.1 Overview 191
3.2.2 MessageFlow 192
3.3 IubCS–MobileOriginatedCall 205
3.3.1 Overview 206
3.3.2 MessageFlow 207
3.4 IubCS–MobileTerminatedCall 217
3.4.1 Overview 217
3.4.2 MessageFlow 219
3.5 IubPS–PDPContextActivation/Deactivation 223
3.5.1 Overview 225
3.5.2 MessageFlow 226
3.6 Iub–IMSI/GPRSDetachProcedure 235
3.6.1 Overview 235
3.6.2 MessageFlow 236
3.7 RRCMeasurementProcedures 239
3.7.1 RRCMeasurementTypes 239
3.7.2 CellCategories 239
Contents ix
3.7.3 MeasurementInitiationforIntrafrequencyMeasurement 240
3.7.4 IntrafrequencyMeasurementEvents 241
3.7.5 IntrafrequencyMeasurementReport 244
3.7.6 IntrafrequencyMeasurementModification 245
3.7.7 MeasurementInitiationforInterfrequencyMeasurement 247
3.7.8 FurtherRRCMeasurementGroups 248
3.7.9 ChangingReportingConditionsAfterTransitiontoCELL FACH 249
3.8 Iub–PhysicalChannelReconfiguration(PDPC) 250
3.8.1 MessageFlow 251
3.9 ChannelTypeSwitching 259
3.9.1 Overview 259
3.9.2 MessageFlow 261
3.10 Iub–Mobile-OriginatedCallwithSoftHandover(Inter-NodeB,
Intra-RNC) 272
3.10.1 Overview 272
3.10.2 MessageFlow(Figure3.70) 273
3.11 Iub–SofterHandover 286
3.11.1 Overview 286
3.11.2 MessageFlow 287
3.12 IubInterfrequencyHardHandoverFDD 290
3.12.1 InterfrequencyHardHandoverOverview 291
3.12.2 FDDInterfrequencyInter-NodeBHardHandoverCallFlow 292
3.13 RRCMeasurementsinCompressedModeandTypicalCallDrop 296
3.13.1 MessageFlow 296
3.14 HighSpeedDownlinkPacketAccess(HSDPA) 301
3.14.1 HSDPACellSetup 302
3.14.2 HSDPABasicCall 304
3.14.3 MobilityManagementandHandoverProceduresinHSDPA 310
3.14.4 TroubleshootingHSDPACalls 318
3.14.5 ProprietaryDescriptionsofHSDPACall/MobilityScenarios 320
3.15 HighSpeedUplinkPacketAccess(HSUPA) 323
3.15.1 HSUPACellSetup 324
3.15.2 HSUPACallScenarios 325
3.15.3 HSUPABasicCall 328
3.16 NBAPMeasurements 330
3.16.1 NBAPCommonMeasurements 331
3.16.2 NBAPDedicatedMeasurements 334
4 TDD(TD-SCDMA)IubSignalingProcedures 339
4.1 TD-SCDMARadioInterfaceStructureandRadioResourceAllocation 340
4.1.1 TD-SCDMAMobileOriginatedSpeechCallSetup 343
4.1.2 RRCMeasurementsinTD-SCDMARadioMode 349
4.1.3 Intra-CellInterfrequencyHandoverinTD-SCDMA 352
4.1.4 Inter-CellInterfrequencyHandover 353
4.1.5 Multi-ServiceCallCS/PSwithInter-NodeBHandover 356
x Contents
5 IuandIurSignalingProcedures 363
5.1 Iub-Iu–LocationUpdate 363
5.1.1 MessageFlow 364
5.2 Iub-Iu–Mobile-OriginatedCall 370
5.2.1 Overview 370
5.2.2 MessageFlow 372
5.3 Iub-Iu–Mobile-TerminatedCall 378
5.3.1 Overview 378
5.3.2 MessageFlow 379
5.4 Iub-Iu–Attach 384
5.4.1 Overview 384
5.4.2 MessageFlow 385
5.5 Iub-Iu–PDPCActivation/Deactivation 387
5.5.1 Overview 387
5.5.2 MessageFlow 388
5.6 StreamingPSServiceandSecondaryPDPContext 394
5.6.1 MessageFlow 395
5.7 Iub-Iu–Detach 398
5.7.1 Overview 398
5.7.2 MessageFlow 399
5.8 Iub-Iur–SoftHandover(Inter-NodeB,Inter-RNC) 401
5.8.1 Overview 401
5.8.2 MessageFlow 402
5.9 Iub-Iu–RRCRe-Establishment(Inter-NodeB,Inter-RNC) 412
5.9.1 Overview 412
5.9.2 MessageFlow 414
5.10 SRNSRelocation(UEnotInvolved) 419
5.10.1 Overview 420
5.10.2 MessageFlow 421
5.11 SRNSRelocation(UEInvolved) 426
5.11.1 Overview 427
5.11.2 MessageFlow 429
5.12 ShortMessageService(SMS)inUMTSNetworks 437
5.12.1 SMSNetworkArchitectureOverview 437
5.12.2 SMSProtocolArchitecture 438
5.12.3 Mobile-OriginatedShortMessage 439
5.12.4 Mobile-TerminatedShortMessage 446
6 SignalingProceduresinthe3GCoreNetwork 453
6.1 ISUP/BICCCallSetup 453
6.1.1 AddressParametersforISUP/BICCMessages 454
6.1.2 ISUPCall(Successful) 454
6.1.3 ISUPCall(Unsuccessful) 455
6.1.4 BICCCallSetuponEInterfaceIncludingIuCSSignaling 458
6.2 GnInterfaceSignaling 462
6.2.1 PDFContextCreationonGn(GTP-CandGTP-U) 464
Contents xi
6.2.2 GTP-CLocationManagement 465
6.2.3 GTP-CMobilityManagement 465
6.2.4 SGSNRelocation 467
6.2.5 ExampleGTP 467
6.3 ProceduresontheGsInterface 469
6.3.1 LocationUpdateviaGs 469
6.3.2 DetachIndicationviaGs 470
6.3.3 PagingviaGs 470
6.4 SignalingonInterfacesTowardHLR 470
6.4.1 AddressingonMAPInterfaces 472
6.4.2 MAPArchitecture 473
6.4.3 MAPSignalingExample 475
6.5 Inter-3G MSCHandoverProcedure 477
6.5.1 Inter-3G MSCHandoverOverview 480
6.5.2 Inter-3G MSCHandoverCallFlow 482
6.6 Inter-3G-2G-3G MSCHandoverProcedure 486
6.6.1 Inter-3G-2G MSCHandover/RelocationOverview(Figure6.42) 489
6.6.2 Inter-3G-2G MSCHandoverCallFlow 490
6.6.3 Inter-3G-2G MSCHandoverMessagesonEInterface 494
6.6.4 Inter-2G-3G MSCHandover/RelocationOverview 495
6.6.5 Inter-2G-3G MSCSubsequentHandoverMessagesontheEInterface 500
6.6.6 2G-3GCSInter-RATHandoveronIuCSandIubInterface 501
6.6.7 PSInter-RATMobility 506
6.7 CustomizedApplicationforMobileNetworkEnhancedLogic(CAMEL) 509
6.7.1 IN/CAMELNetworkArchitecture 510
6.7.2 CAMELBasicCallStateModel 511
6.7.3 ChargingOperationUsingCAMEL 512
6.7.4 CAMELSignalingExampleforGPRSCharging 513
6.8 IPMultimediaSubsystem(IMS) 517
6.8.1 IMSPDPContextActivationBasics 517
6.8.2 IMSUE-UECallBasics 518
Glossary 521
Bibliography 537
Index 541