Table Of Content

Enzo Silvestri Alessandro Muda Davide Orlandi Ultrasound Anatomy of Lower Limb Muscles A Practical Guide Foreword by Nicola Maff ulli 123 Ultrasound Anatomy of Lower Limb Muscles Enzo Silvestri (cid:129) A lessandro Muda Davide Orlandi Ultrasound Anatomy of Lower Limb Muscles A Practical Guide Foreword by Nicola Maffulli Enzo Silvestri Davide Orlandi Struttura Complessa di Diagnostica per Dipartimento di Radiologia Immagini ed Ecografi a Interventistica Università degli studi di Genova Ospedale Evangelico Internazionale Genoa Genoa Italy Italy Alessandro Muda Dipartimento di Radiologia IRCCS Ospedale San Martino IST Genoa Italy ISBN 978-3-319-09479-3 ISBN 978-3-319-09480-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09480-9 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014954746 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword The principles of musculoskeletal medicine have been established centuries ago, and serve us well. The ‘look, feel move’ paradigm is engrained in our psyche. It allows us to be effi cient and effective, and guides accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Nevertheless, to be accurate and effective, at times we need to extend the reach of our senses, and make sure that we have more objective elements to formulate a diagnosis, and to objectively assess whether our proposed management is working. Ultrasonography has come to the forefront in the last few years: it is n on-i nvasive, it is widely available, it has reached a level of image quality and a sophistication in techniques that allows a resolution of less that 2 mm, and it is relatively cheap. It has been criticised for being operator-dependent. This is partially true, but standardisation of imaging techniques and of reporting styles minimizes this latter concern. Health care professionals need to be trained in ultrasonography: it requires time, and to become experienced, errors have to be made, and cherished. Therefore, Drs. Silvestri, Muda, and Orlandi should be congratulated for several reasons: they have had the f oresight of putting together a text which can be used as baseline for reference and teaching; they have succeeded in recruiting a whole series of authors who are at the forefront in this fi eld; and, last but not least, they have produced for themselves perpetual work: advances in this fi eld will require themselves and their authors to continue to update their knowledge, and put it forward to the readers. I expect that my own copy will be well thumbed: one never ends learning in our fi eld, and U ltrasound Anatomy of Lower Limb Muscles: A Practical Guide makes it topical and pleasant. Enjoy it! London, UK N. Maffulli v Contents Part I Basic Principles of Muscles Ultrasound 1 US Basic Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Silvia Perugin Bernardi, Alice Arcidiacono, and Enzo Silvestri 2 Doppler Technologies and Ultrasound Elastography. . . . . . . . 11 Riccardo Sartoris and Alessandro Muda 3 Normal Anatomy and Biomechanics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Davide Orlandi and Silvia Perugin Bernardi 4 Ultrasound Basic Anatomy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Riccardo Sartoris and Enzo Silvestri 5 Muscles Dynamic US Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Davide Orlandi, Angelo Corazza, and Piero Gatto 6 Muscle Injuries: Pathophysiology and New Classifi cation Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Nicola Maffulli, Angelo Del Buono, and Enzo Silvestri Part II Thigh Muscles 7 Sartorius and Tensor Fasciae Latae. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Davide Orlandi, Enzo Silvestri, and Luca Maria Sconfi enza 8 Iliopsoas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Emanuele Fabbro and Alessandro Muda 9 Quadriceps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Davide Orlandi and Giulio Ferrero 10 Adductors, Gracilis, and Pectineus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Angelo Corazza and Enzo Silvestri 11 Gluteal and Piriformis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Alice Arcidiacono and Alessandro Muda 12 Hamstrings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Davide Orlandi and Luca Maria Sconfi enza vii viii Contents Part III Leg Muscles 13 Popliteus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Riccardo Sartoris and Enzo Silvestri 14 Peroneal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Silvia Perugin Bernardi and Alessandro Muda 15 Triceps Surae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Davide Orlandi and Angelo Corazza 16 Flexor Muscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Emanuele Fabbro, Giulio Ferrero, and Alessandro Muda 17 Extensor Muscles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Davide Orlandi and Alice Arcidiacono Part IV Sectional Anatomical Tables 18 Thigh Compartments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Enzo Silvestri and Claudio Mazzola 19 Leg Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Alessandro Muda and Amedeo Baldari Part I Basic Principles of Muscles Ultrasound

Description:

The book provides a comprehensive description of the basic ultrasound principles, normal anatomy of the lower limb muscles and classification of muscle strain injuries. Ultrasound images are coupled with anatomical schemes explaining probe positioning and scanning technique for the various muscles o