UFT Tutorial for GUI Testing

112 Pages·2017·1.15 MB·English

Unified Functional Testing
SoftwareVersion:14.03
GUI Testing Tutorial for Web Applications
GotoHELP CENTERONLINE
http://admhelp.microfocus.com/uft/
DocumentReleaseDate:February22,2018|SoftwareReleaseDate:February2018
GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
UnifiedFunctionalTesting
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GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
UnifiedFunctionalTesting
Contents
UnifiedFunctionalTesting 1
WelcometotheUFTTutorialforGUITesting 5
IntroducingUnifiedFunctionalTesting-GUITestingforWebApplications 7
BenefitsofAutomatedGUITesting 8
TestingProcess 9
UFTWindow 10
AnalyzingYourApplicationandCreatingActions 15
GettingtoKnowYourApplication 16
ExploretheMercuryToursWebSite 16
CreatingTests 18
CreateaNewSolution,Test,andActions 19
CreatingObjectRepositories 24
IntroducingTestObjectsandObjectRepositories 25
LearnObjectsinYourApplication 26
UseMultipleObjectRepositories 33
CreatingFunctionsandFunctionLibraries 37
IntroducingFunctions 38
CreateaFunction 38
AssociatetheFunctionLibrarywithYourTest 40
AddingSteps 41
PreparingtoAddStepstoaTest 42
AddStepstotheLoginAction 42
AnalyzingtheLoginActionintheKeywordView 47
AddtheRemainingStepstoYourTest 48
AddStepstotheFlightFinderActionbyRecording 49
AddaSteptotheSelectFlightActionUsingtheToolboxPane 54
AddStepstotheBookFlightActionUsingtheEditorandStepGenerator 55
RunningandAnalyzingTests 63
RunaTest 64
NavigatingtheRunResults 66
AnalyzetheRunResults 66
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GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
UnifiedFunctionalTesting
CreatingCheckpointsandUsingFunctions 68
UnderstandingCheckpointTypes 69
CreateaCheckpointTest 70
CheckObjectValues 71
CheckPages 74
CheckTableValues 77
CheckTextValues 82
ManageCheckpointsintheObjectRepository 87
RunandAnalyzeaTestwithCheckpoints 88
PerformaCheckUsingaFunction 92
ParameterizingStepsandObjects 98
ParameterizinganAction 99
CreateaTestforParameterization 99
DefineaDataTableParameter 100
AddParameterValuestoaDataTable 102
ModifyStepsAffectedbyParameterization 103
RunningandAnalyzingaParameterizedTest 105
WhereDoYouGoFromHere? 108
ModifyingUFTSettingstoSaveDiskSpace 109
TestingYourOwnApplication-GettingStarted 109
SendUsFeedback 111
UnifiedFunctionalTesting(14.03) Page4of112
Welcome to the UFT Tutorial for GUI Testing
TheUFTTutorialforGUITestingforWebapplicationsisaself-pacedguidethatteachesyouthebasics
oftestingyourWebapplicationwithUFT.Itwillfamiliarizeyouwiththeprocessofcreatingandrunning
automatedGUItestsandanalyzingtherunresults.
Aftercompletingthetutorial,youcanapplytheskillsyouhavelearnedtotestingyourownapplication
orWebsite.
Note:TolearnmoreaboutcreatingandrunningAPItests,seethemainTutorialintheUFT
OnlineHelp..
Tutorialaudience and scope
ThistutorialisintendedforuserswhoarenewtoUFT.NopriorknowledgeofUFTisrequired,although
ageneralunderstandingoftestingconceptsandfunctionaltestingprocessesmaybehelpful.
UFTenablesyoutocreateGUItests,businessprocesstests,andAPItests.Thistutorialreviewstopics
relatedtoGUItestingonly,andyoumaynoticeUIelementsthatarenotdescribedhere.Thesemaybe
relevantforBPTorAPItestingonly,andarenotrelevantforGUItestingatall.
File system paths
ThistutorialreferstofilesystempathsthatarerelevantforWindows7operatingsystems.Thepathsin
otheroperatingsystemsmaybeslightlydifferent.
Tutorialdemosite
ThistutorialusesthelegacyMercuryToursdemosite.
Bydefault,UFTnowsetsyourRecordandRunsettingstothenewerAdvantageOnlineShopping
demosite.Whenusingthistutorial,besuretoupdatetheRecordandRunSettingstoopen
http://newtours.demoaut.com/whenyourecordorrunyourtest.
Using UFTwith BPT
Inadditiontotests,UFTenablesyoutocreateserviceandkeyword-drivenbusinesscomponentsfor
useinbusinessprocesstests,ifyouareconnectedtoanALMserverthatsupportsBPT.Theprocedures
describedinthistutorialaredesignedforcreatingGUItests,butyoucanalsoapplythemajorityofthese
procedurestocreatingkeyword-drivencomponents.Formoredetailsonbusinesscomponentsand
BPT,seetheUnifiedFunctionalTestingUserGuideandtheBusinessProcessTestingUserGuide.
Note:Unlessotherwisespecified,referencestoApplicationLifecycleManagementorALM
applytoallcurrentlysupportedversionsofALMandQualityCenter.
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GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
WelcometotheUFTTutorialforGUITesting
SomefeaturesandoptionsmaynotbesupportedinthespecificeditionofALMorQuality
Centerthatyouareusing.
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Introducing Unified Functional Testing - GUI
Testing for Web Applications
ThislessonprovidesyouwithanoverviewofautomatedGUItestingandUFT,andgetsyousetupto
performthetutorial.
Note:Werecommendworkingwithansoftcopyofthistutorialbecausetherearesectionsin
whichyouwillbeaskedtocopyandpasteteststepsintoUFT.However,keepinmindthatin
selectedpartsofthistutorial,UFTwillberecordingyouroperationsorlearningobjectsthatyou
pointtowiththemouse.Duringsuchsessions,youshouldrefrainfromswitchingfocustothe
PDForHelpwindow.
YoucanopenaPDFofthistutorialfromyour<UnifiedFunctional Testinginstallation>\help
folder.
YoucanaccesstheHTMLversionofthistutorial,byselectingHelp > UFT Help > UFTTutorials
> GUITesting Tutorial forWeb Applications.
Thischapterincludes:
• BenefitsofAutomatedGUITesting 8
• TestingProcess 9
• UFTWindow 10
UnifiedFunctionalTesting(14.03) Page7of112
Benefits of Automated GUI Testing
IfyouhaveevertestedapplicationsorWebsitesmanually,youareawareofthedrawbacksofmanual
testing.
Manualtestingistime-consumingandtedious,andrequiresaheavyinvestmentinhumanresources.
Worstofall,timeconstraintsoftenmakeitimpossibletomanuallytesteveryfeaturethoroughlybefore
theapplicationisreleased.Thisleavesyouwonderingwhetherseriousbugshavegoneundetected.
AutomatedGUItestingwithUFTaddressestheseproblemsbydramaticallyspeedingupthetesting
process.YoucancreateteststhatcheckallaspectsofyourapplicationorWebsite,andthenrunthese
testseverytimeyoursiteorapplicationchanges.
AsUFTrunstests,itsimulatesahumanuserbymovingthecursorinaWebpageorapplicationwindow,
clickingGUIobjects,andenteringkeyboardinput.However,UFTdoesallthisfasterthananyhuman
user.
Benefits ofAutomatedTesting
Fast Automatedtestsaresignificantlyfasterthanhumanusers.
Reliable Testsperformpreciselythesameoperationseachtimetheyarerun,thereby
eliminatinghumanerror.
Repeatable YoucantesthowtheWebsiteorapplicationreactsafterrepeatedexecutionofthe
sameoperations.
Programmable Youcanprogramsophisticatedteststhatbringouthiddeninformation.
Comprehensive YoucanbuildasuiteofteststhatcoverseveryfeatureinyourWebsiteor
application.
Reusable YoucanreusetestsondifferentversionsofaWebsiteorapplication,evenifthe
userinterfacechanges.
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GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
IntroducingUnifiedFunctionalTesting-GUITestingforWebApplications
Testing Process
TheUFTtestingprocessconsistsofthefollowingmainphases:
1. Analyzing yourapplication.
Thefirststepinplanningyourtestistoanalyzeyourapplicationtodetermineyourtestingneeds.
l Whatare yourapplication'sdevelopmentenvironments?YouwillneedtoloadUFTadd-insfor
theseenvironmentstoenableUFTtoidentifyandworkwiththeobjectsinyourapplication.
ExamplesofdevelopmentenvironmentsincludeWeb,Java,and.NET.
l Whatbusinessprocessesand functionalitydoyou wanttotest?Toanswerthis,thinkabout
thevariousactivitiesthatcustomersperforminyourapplicationtoaccomplishspecifictasks.
l Howcan you breakyourtestintosmall testable unitsand tasks? Youshouldbreakthe
processesandfunctionalityyouwanttotestintosmallertasks,sothatyoucancreateUFT
actionsbasedonthosetasks.Smallerandmoremodularactionsmakeyourtestseasiertoread
andfollow,andhelpeasemaintenanceinthelongrun.
Atthisstage,youcanalreadybegincreatingtestskeletonsandaddingactions.
2. Preparing the testing infrastructure.
Basedonyourtestingneeds,youmustdeterminewhatresourcesarerequiredandcreatethese
resourcesaccordingly.
Examplesofresourcesincludeshared objectrepositories,whichcontaintestobjectsthatrepresent
objectsinyourapplication,andfunction libraries,whichcontainfunctionsthatenhanceUFT
functionality.
YoualsoneedtoconfigureUFTsettingssothatUFTwillperformanyadditionaltasksyoumay
youneed,suchasdisplayingaresultsreporteverytimeyourunatest.
3. Building yourtestsand adding stepstoeach test.
Afterthetestinginfrastructureisready,youcanbeginbuildingyourtests.
Youcancreateoneormoreemptytestsandaddactionstothemtocreatethetestingskeletons.
Youassociateyourobjectrepositorieswiththerelevantactions,andassociateyourfunction
librarieswiththerelevanttests,sothatyoucaninsertstepsusingkeywords.
Youcanalsoaddallyourteststoasinglesolution.Asolutionenablesyoutostore,manage,and
editanyrelatedteststogether,withouthavingtocloseonetestbeforeopeninganother.
Youmayalsoneedtoconfiguretestpreferencesatthispoint.
4. Enhancing yourtest.
l Youcantestwhetheryourapplicationisfunctioningcorrectlybyinsertingcheckpointsintoyour
tests.Checkpointssearchforaspecificvalueofapage,object,ortextstring.
Youcanbroadenthescopeofyourtestandtesthowyourapplicationperformsthesame
l
operationswithmultiplesetsofdata.Dothisbyreplacingfixedvalueswithparameters.
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GUITestingTutorialforWebApplications
IntroducingUnifiedFunctionalTesting-GUITestingforWebApplications
l Youcanaddothersophisticatedcheckstoyourtestbyaddingprogramming and conditional or
loop statementsandotherprogramminglogictoyourtestusingVBScript.
Thistutorialincludesstepsforcheckpointsandparametersonly.Foradditionaldetailsabout
VBScriptstatements,seetheUnifiedFunctionalTestingUserGuide.
5. Debugging,running,and analyzing yourtest.
Youcandebugyourtestusingdebuggingfunctionalitytoensurethatitoperatessmoothlyand
withoutinterruption.Afterthetestisworkingcorrectly,yourunittocheckthebehaviorofyour
application.Whilerunning,UFTopenstheapplicationandperformseachstepinyourtest.
Examinetherunresultstopinpointdefectsinyourapplication.
6. Reporting defects.
IfyouhaveALMinstalled,youcanreportthedefectsyoudiscovertoadatabase.ALMisthetest
managementsolution.
FordetailsaboutworkingwithALM,seetheApplicationLifecycleManagementUserGuide.
UFT Window
Beforeyoubegincreatingtests,familiarizeyourselfwiththemainUFTwindow.
TakeafewminutestoexplorethecomponentsofthemainUFTwindow.Youcanthencontinueto
analyzetheapplicationyouwillbetestinginthistutorial,asdescribedin"AnalyzingYourApplication
andCreatingActions"onpage15.
Document Types
UFTdisplaysopendocumentsinthedocumentpane.Usethedocumenttabslocatedjustbelowthe
toolbartonavigatetoopendocumentsandbringthemintofocus.
Thedocumentpanecandisplaythefollowingtypesoffiles:
l Tests.Youcancreate,view,andmodifyyourtestintheCanvas,whichenablesyoutoedittheflowof
yourtest,action,orcomponent.
l ActionsorBusinessComponents.Enablesyoutocreate,view,andmodifyyouractionorbusiness
component,inthefollowingviews:
l Keyword View.Containseachstep,anddisplaystheobjecthierarchy,inamodular,icon-based
table.
l Editor.ContainseachstepasaVBScriptline,displayedinatextandcodeeditor.Inobject-based
steps,theVBScriptlinedefinestheobjecthierarchy.
l Function Library.Enablesyoutocreate,view,andmodifyfunctions(operations)forusewithyour
test.Functionlibrariesopenasseparatetabsinthedocumentpane,similartotestsoractions.
l Application Areas.Enablesyoutoedittheapplicationareasettingsandresourceassociations.
l StartPage.WelcomesyoutoUFTandprovideslinkstorecentfiles,descriptionsofnewfeatures,
productforums,andothersupportlinks.Youcanusetheshortcutbuttonstoopennewandexisting
documents.
l ProductMovies.AccessiblefromtheStartPageorHelpmenu,andteachesyouaboutsomeofthe
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