»i I CHALLENGING THE a BORDERS 0 F KNOWLEDGE g&e&S?'/...vW ' ~P _ » m EDITED BY DAVID M. JACOBS n> *>;' |i • ■ ;;;;: ; ■ he subject of this breakthrough book is controversial, but its message is simple: The study of UFOs merits the serious attention of the intellec- tual establishment. Advocating credibility for this much-maligned field of research, historian David Jacobs and his coauthors highlight some of the key events, issues, themes, and theories surrounding this elusive, complex, and compelling subject. Y R Whether interplanetary tourists, interlopers from A R 6 a parallel universe, or mere misfirings in the brain, B 1 tr~- - • . Ie1 r UFOs and “aliens” permeate popular culture. La2 u0 C q ■ ‘ ... +. " - ' ■< J4 ■ : I A They’ve made the covers of Time, Life, and the New LS M B y U York Times Book Review; garnered CNN coverage; e, Pln p o o turned up on Larry King Live and other high-profile N t Cs O o ' V ' T B talk shows; attracted large audiences for films and S O television series; and swamped the Internet with B thousands of websites and discussion groups. Despite this pervasive presence, few scholars have been willing to study the perplexing phenomena behind these cultural signifiers. Wary of a field that \ ■' ■’ ' - 4" , . .M- seems tainted by suspect methods and outlandish theories, many have logically stayed away. The relative lack of academic participation, however, creates a vicious circle that prevents the development of standards that would attract greater academic participation and, thus, credibil- ity and funding for the field. Meanwhile, the UFOs and Abductions UFOs and Abductions Challenging the Borders of Knowledge Edited by David M. Jacobs University Press of Kansas \ © 2000 by the University Press of Kansas All rights reserved Published by the University Press of Kansas (Lawrence, Kansas 66049), which was organized by the Kansas Board of Regents and is operated and funded by Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University, Kansas State University, Pittsburg State University, the University of Kansas, and Wichita State University. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data UFOs and abductions : challenging the borders of knowledge / edited by David M. Jacobs, p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7006-1032-4 (pbk. : alk paper) 1. Human-alien encounters. 2. Alien abduction. I. Jacobs, David Michael, 1942- BF2050.U36 2000 001.942—dc21 00-028970 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Printed in the United States of America 10 987654321 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48-1984. To Jack and Addie Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation https://archive.org/details/ufosabductionsOOdavi Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 —David M. Jacobs 1. Ufology and Academia: The UFO Phenomenon as a Scholarly Discipline 7 —Stuart Appelle 2. Limited Access: Six Natural Scientists and the UFO Phenomenon 31 —Ron Westrum 3. Science, Law, and War: Alternative Frameworks for the UFO Evidence 56 —Don C. Donderi 4. UFOs, the Military, and the Early Cold War Era 82 —Michael D. Swords 5. The Extraterrestrial Hypothesis in the Early UFO Age —Jerome Clark viii UFOs and Abductions 6. UFOs: Lost in the Myths 141 —Thomas E. Bullard 7. The UFO Abduction Controversy in the United States 192 —David M. Jacobs 8. Hypnosis and the Investigation of UFO Abduction Accounts 215 —Budd Hopkins 9. How the Alien Abduction Phenomenon Challenges the Boundaries of Our Reality 241 —John E. Mack 10. The UFO Experience: A Normal Correlate of Human Brain Function 262 —Michael A. Persinger 11. Research Directions 303 —David M. Jacobs Notes 311 Selected Bibliography 351 Contributors 359 Index 363