Two-Dimensional and M-Mode Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner

149 Pages·2016·61.051 MB·English

by  June A. Boon

Two-Dimensional and
M-Mode Echocardiography
for the Small Animal
Practitioner
The Rapid Reference Series
Books in the Rapid Reference series are ideal quick references, using a concise,
practicalapproachtoprovidesmallanimalpractitionerswithfastaccesstoessen-
tialinformation.Designedtobeusedatapatient’sside,thesebooksmakeiteasy
to quickly diagnose and treat patients. With a spiral binding to lie flat, Rapid
Referencebooksareanindispensabletoolfortheexamroom.
Other Rapid Reference Series Titles
Life-ThreateningCardiacEmergenciesfortheSmallAnimalPractitioner
ByMaureenMcMichaelandRyanFries
Two-Dimensional
and M-Mode
Echocardiography
for the Small Animal
Practitioner
SECOND EDITION
June A. Boon MS
InstructorandEchocardiographer
CollegeofVeterinaryMedicineandBiomedicalSciences
ColoradoStateUniversity
FortCollins,Colorado,USA
Thiseditionfirstpublished2017©2017byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Names:Boon,JuneA.,author.
Title:Two-dimensionalandM-modeechocardiographyforthesmallanimalpractitioner/JuneA.Boon.
Description:Secondedition.|Ames,Iowa:JohnWiley&SonsInc.,2017.|Includesbibliographicalreferencesand
index.
Identifiers:LCCN2017015710|ISBN9781119028536(pbk.)|ISBN9781119028550(AdobePDF)|ISBN
9781119028567(epub)
Subjects:LCSH:Veterinaryechocardiography.|MESH:Echocardiography–veterinary|Handbooks
Classification:LCCSF811.B6632017|NLMSF811|DDC636.089/61207543–dc23
LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2017015710
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbe
availableinelectronicbooks.
Setin9.5/13ptMeridienbyAptaraInc.,NewDelhi,India
1 2017
Thisbookisdedicatedtomyfamily–youallmakemyliferich.
Contents
Preface,ix
AbouttheCompanionWebsite,xi
1 TheBasics,1
2 KnobologyfortheEchocardiogram:ImprovingImageQuality,7
3 Two-DimensionalImagingPlanesandSubjectiveAssessment,24
4 ImagingPlanes:TechniqueintheDogandCat,51
5 M-ModeEchocardiography,75
6 MeasurementandAssessmentofTwo-DimensionalandM-Mode
Images,83
7 EchocardiographicFeaturesofCommonAcquiredHeartDiseases,106
RecommendedReading,136
Glossary,137
Index,139
vii
Preface
Withincreasingaffordability,ultrasoundequipmenthasmadeitswayintomany
privatepractices.Whilstentirebooksandsectionsoflargebooksaredevotedto
thestudyofcardiacultrasound,thishandbookismeanttobeastarterresource
and a quick handy reference for fundamental echocardiographic information,
andisbynomeansacomprehensiveresourceonveterinaryechocardiography.
Thehandbookstartswiththecontrolsonyourmachine,becausepresetsdonot
alwaysworkwell,movesontodiscussingnormalimagingplanesandtheirsub-
jectiveassessment,discusseshowtoobtaintheimagingplanes,thencoversbasic
measurements of size and function, and finally reviews the typical features of
commonacquiredheartdisease.Videosoftechniqueandfeaturesofdiseaseare
utilized to help you develop the skill necessary to perform the echocardiogram
andaidinitsinterpretation.Aswithanyskillset,itwillrequirepractice,patience
andmorein-depthreadingtodevelopthesetechniquesandassessments.
ix
About the Companion
Website
Thisbookisaccompaniedbyacompanionwebsite:
www.wiley.com/go/boon/two-dimensional
Thewebsiteincludes:
(cid:2)
Supplementaryvideosclipsthatdemonstratescanningtechniquesanddisease
features.
(cid:2)
Aplayicon appearsinthemarginwheneverarelevantvideoclipisavail-
ableonthewebsite.
(cid:2)
Eachvideocorrespondstocertainfigureswithinthetext,appearingbesidethe
videoforeaseofreference.
(cid:2)
ThepasswordforthesiteisthelastwordinthecaptionforFigure3.10.
xi
Chapter 1
The Basics
EchocardiographicApplications 1
SomeIndicationsforanEchocardiogram 2
CardiacAnatomy 2
OrientationoftheHeartintheThorax 3
HowTo 4
Echocardiographic Applications
(cid:2)
Evaluationof:
◦ Valvemorphology
◦ Chambersizes
◦ Wallthickness
◦ Myocardialfunction
◦ Pericardialeffusion
(cid:2)
AidintheDiagnosisof:
◦ Chronicvalvedisease
◦ Endocarditis
◦ Cardiomyopathies(hypertrophic,dilated,unclassified)
◦ Pericardialeffusions
◦ Cardiacneoplasia
◦ Pulmonaryhypertension
◦ Congenitalheartdisease
Two-DimensionalandM-ModeEchocardiographyfortheSmallAnimalPractitioner,SecondEdition.JuneA.Boon.
©2017JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Published2017byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.
CompanionWebsite:www.wiley.com/go/boon/two-dimensional
1
2 Two-DimensionalandM-ModeEchocardiography
Some Indications for an Echocardiogram
(cid:2)
Coughing
(cid:2)
Exerciseintolerance
(cid:2)
Arrhythmia
(cid:2)
Pulmonaryedema
(cid:2)
Pulmonarycongestion
(cid:2)
Collapseorsyncope
(cid:2)
Murmurs
(cid:2)
Cyanosis
(cid:2)
Lethargy
(cid:2)
Weakpulses
(cid:2)
Radiographicevidenceofheartenlargement
Cardiac Anatomy
Figure1.1 HeartDiagram.Diagramoftheheartshowingthechambers,valvesandvessels
oftheheart.Flowthroughtheheartisindicated.Notetherelationshipsbetweenthemitral
valveandtheaorta,andthepulmonaryarteryandthetricuspidvalve.Fordetailsof
abbreviationsusedinthefigures,seetheGlossary.