Table Of Content

From the collection ofthe m 7 o Prelinger ^ v Jjibrary San Francisco, California 2007 ENGINEERING HANDBOOK Second Edition 1950 Editor HENRY EVANS K. PREPARED UNDER DIRECTION OF THE TRAFFIC ENGINEERING HANDBOOK EDITORIAL BOARD PUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE OF TRAFFIC ENGINEERS NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT The first edition of the TRAFFIC ENGINEERING HANDBOOK was published jointly in 1941 by the Institute of Traffic Engineers and the National Conservation Bureau, the latter now known as the Accident Prevention Department of the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies. This revision of the Handbook is again the result of the joint efforts of the two organizations. Feeling that it should cooperate fully in the preparation of this revised edition as an integral part of its traffic control improvement program, the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies has again been happy to underwrite, and handle, the mechanics of production of this volume as evidence of its support of the Institute of Traffic Engineers and of sound traffic engineering principles as a means of bettering traffic conditions. Copyright 1950. Institute of Traffic Engineers and Association of Casualty and Surety Companies PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica byPeterF. Mallon,Inc.,NewYork,N.Y. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE .... CHAPTER I VEHICLE, HIGHWAY ANDTRAVEL FACTS 1 II VEHICLE MOTION 52 III THE DRIVER 80 IV THE PEDESTRIAN 98 V TRAFFICACCIDENTS 113 VI TRAFFIC STUDIES 137 ..... VII TRAFFIC MARKINGS AND MARKERS 171 VIII TRAFFIC SIGNS 198 . IX TRAFFIC SIGNALS 216 X PARKING AND LOADING 290 .... XI ONE-WAY STREETS AND ARTERIAL ROUTES 318 XII ROADWAY CAPACITY AND DESIGN 331 XIII SPEED REGULATION AND ZONING 378 XIV TRAFFIC ISLANDS AND PEDESTRIAN BARRIERS 395 . . . XV PEDESTRIAN ISLANDS AND Bus LOADING ZONES 415 . . . XVI STREET AND HIGHWAY LIGHTING 436 APPENDIX A TRAFFIC ENGINEERING TERMINOLOGY 463 B SAMPLE SPECIFICATION FOR TRAFFIC CONTROL SIGNAL CABLE 495 INDEX 498 ill INTRODUCTION This second edition of the Traffic Engineering Handbook is a modern presentation of the fundamentals of an important and rapidly expanding science. Reflected in its pages is the accumulated wealth of knowledge and experience of many distinguished A practicing and consulting traffic engineers. completely rewritten volume, the 1950 Traffic Engineering Handbook incorporates the findings of a multitude of significant researches and new developments that have occurred since the original edition, edited by Harold F. Hammond and Leslie J. Sorenson, was published in 1941. It is not the purpose ofthis Handbookto serve as a textbook on traffic engineering. Its purpose is to collate in one volume basic traffic engineering data as a guide to best practice in those portions ofthe field in which well-accepted principles have been estab- lished. The Handbook will serve as a day-to-day reference work which will prove essential in the libraries of all who have responsibility for originating or passing upon the technical study and solution of traffic andtransportation problems. Sixteen nationally known traffic engineers participated in the actual writing of this revision. Their names and their individual contributions are acknowledged on the following page. Special recognition is accorded Henry K. Evans, who, as Secretary of the Editorial Board devoted much of his personal time and effort in correlating the project, editing the various chapters and preparingmuch of the final text. Appreciation is expressed to Robert J. Allen, Chief Traffic Engineer, Accident Prevention Depart- ment, Association of Casualty and Surety Companies, who correlated the vast adminis- trative details of production necessary in the preparation of a publication of this scope. Others who assisted in preparation of certain portions of the text were: Howard Ilgner, William Kavanaugh, Kirk Reid, Charles Rex, T. J. Seburn and Gordon Gravelle. The following well-known traffic engineers and specialists reviewed the first draft of the text and submitted suggestions, many of which were incorporated into the final text. Earl Allgaier Joseph E. Havenner Ralph A. Moyer J. Stannard Baker Edward H. Holmes Amos Neyhart Donald S. Berry J. Edward Johnston O. K. Normann Douglas A. Bowers Guy Kelcey Matthew Porosky William C. Brandes Holden M. LeRoy Earl J. Reeder Thomas J. Carmichael Charles S. LeCraw Thomas J. Seburn Edgar F. Copell Donald W. Loutzenheiser Charles H. Rex Warren E. DeYoung Alger F. Malo W. E. Schwanhausser John T. Gibala Kenneth W. Mackall Wilbur S. Smith Paul L. Green Burton W. Marsh Herbert J. Stack Bruce D. Greenshields William R. McConochie Thomas E. Willier Oscar M. Gunderson Ralph F. Michel On behalf of the Institute of Traffic Engineers, the Editorial Board wishes to express its deepest appreciation to the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies and to all who have participated in the assembling, writing, and review of the material for this Handbook. ROBERT A. MITCHELL, Chairman The Editorial Board