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Impresum Tradicijske sorTe i pasmine dalmacije recenZenTi Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger nakladnik Program Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj Veliku zahvalnost dugujemo iznimnom prirodoslovcu Martinu Schneideru (1956.–2012.) koji je svojim struč- Za nakladnika nim komentarima i savjetima sudjelovao u recenziji ove Sandra Vlašić knjige. Martin Schneider bio je jedan od rijetkih biolo- Louisa Vinton ga koji je još prije trideset godina upozoravao na ulogu i važnost tradicijskih sorti i pasmina u zaštiti prirode. sunakladnici Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode lekTura Javna ustanova ‘’Nacionalni park Krka’’ Juliette Janušić Zadarska županija Javna ustanova ReraSD za koordinaciju i prijevod i lekTura enGleskoG TeksTa razvoj Splitsko - dalmatinske županije Graham McMaster Dubrovačko - neretvanska županija auTori foToGrafija Glavni i odGovorni urednici Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan, auTori Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić, Roman Ozimec Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan Edi Maletić Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar, Zdravko Matotan Stanislav Štambuk Frane Strikić oblikovanje i priprema Za Tisak Kudos studio idejno rješenje naslovnice Krešimir Kraljević 2 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Publication details TradiTional varieTies and breeds of dalmaTia reviewers Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger publisher United Nations Development Programme We are greatly indebted to the outstanding naturalist Martin Schneider (1956-2012), who made a significant for The publisher contributing to the reviewing of this book with his well- Sandra Vlašić informed comments and suggestions. Martin Schneider Louisa Vinton was one of the few biologists to draw attention, as long as thirty years ago, to the role and importance of traditi- Co-publishers onal varieties and breeds in nature protection. State Institute for Nature Protection Public Institution Krka National Park copy ediTinG Zadar County Juliette Janušić Public Institution ReraSD for coordination and development of Split-Dalmatia County enGlish TranslaTion and ediTinG Dubrovnik-Neretva County Graham McMaster ediTors in-chief phoToGraphs by Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica auThors Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan, Roman Ozimec Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić, Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko Edi Maletić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan Zdravko Matotan Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar, Frane Strikić Stanislav Štambuk desiGn and prepress Kudos studio oriGinal idea for The cover Krešimir Kraljević TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 3 ilusTracija naslovnice Program Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj (UNDP) svjet- Vedran Klemens ska je mreža UN-a za razvoj, organizacija koja zago- vara promjene i povezivanje država sa znanjem, isku- Tisak stvom te potencijalima kako bi se građanima omogu- Tiskara Zelina d.d. ćilo izgraditi bolji život. Djeluje u 177 država poma- žući im da nađu vlastita rješenja za izazove globalnog naklada i nacionalnog razvoja. Razvojem lokalnih kapaciteta 1 000 primjeraka te se države oslanjaju na mrežu UNDP-ovih struč- njaka i širok raspon partnera. Priprema knjige u cijelosti je financirana od strane Pro- grama Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj (UNDP-a) u Hr- U ovoj publikaciji iznesena su mišljenja autora i nuž- vatskoj i Globalnog fonda za okoliš (GEF-a), a u okvi- no ne predstavljaju službeno stajalište UNDP-a. ru provedbe COAST projekta (Conservation and Su- stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Umnožavanje ove publikacije ili njezinih dijelova u through Greening Coastal Development – Project bilo kojem obliku, kao i distribucija, nisu dozvoljeni ID 00050301 PIMS 2439). Tisak publikacije finan- bez prethodnog pisanog odobrenja nakladnika. cijski su potpomogli Javna ustanova „Nacionalni park Krka“, Zadarska županija, Javna ustanova ReraSD za ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5 koordinaciju i razvoj Splitsko-dalmatinske županije te Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija. CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Naci- onalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 000901673. 4 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE cover illusTraTion UNDP is a world-wide UN network for development, Vedran Klemens an organisation that champions changes and the connecting of states with the knowledge, experien- prinTinG ce and potentials to enable their citizens to build at Tiskara Zelina d.d. better life. It is at work in 177 states, helping them to find their own solutions for the challenges of global prinT order and national development. With the development of 1 000 copies local capacities, the states can draw on the network of UNDP experts and a wide range of partners. The preparation of this book was fully financed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) The opinions of the authors stated in this publication do in Croatia and Global Environment Fund (GEF), as not necessarily reflect the official viewpoint of UNDP. part of the COAST project (Conservation and Su- stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Reproduction of this publication or parts of it in any through Greening Coastal Development – Project form and distribution of the same are not permitted ID 00050301 PIMS 2439). The printing of this publi- without prior written approval from the publisher. cation was financially supported by: Public Institution Krka National Park, Zadar County, Public Institution ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5 ReraSD for coordination and development of Split- Dalmatia County and Dubrovnik-Neretva County. CIP file available in the digital catalogue of the Nati- onal Library in Zagreb, file number 000901673. TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 5 Sadržaj/Contents Sadržaj/Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 6 A.10. Sorte i pasmine Dalmacije, osnova tradicijskih proizvoda/ Varieties and breeds of Dalmatia, the foundation of Predgovor (undp) / Foreword (undp)................................................................................ 12 traditional products 72 ......................................................................................................... Predgovor (dzzp) / Foreword (sinp)...................................................................................... 14 A.11. Osobna prirodoslovna karta Dalmacije i Hrvatske/ A physicogeographical ID of Dalmatia and Croatia .......................... 78 A tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije/ traditional varieties Literatura/References ....................................................................................................... 82 and breeds of dalmatia opći dio/ general part (R. Ozimec) 16 ................................................................................ B tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije A.1. Povijesne i geografske osnove Dalmacije/Historical and Specijalni dio 86 geographical foundations of Dalmatia ......................................................... 18 ............................................................................................................................................. A.2. Geološka, hidrogeomorfološka i krajobrazna podloga Dalmacije/Geological, hydrological, geomorphological and Maslina (F.Strikić) .................................................................................................................................. 88 landscape background of Dalmatia ................................................................. 24 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije .................................................................... 96 A.3. Klima i vegetacija Dalmacije/Climate and vegetation in Bjelica ....................................................................................................................................................... 98 Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Buharica ................................................................................................................................................ 100 A.4. Stanišna i biološka raznolikost Dalmacije/ Habitat and Crnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 102 biological diversity in Dalmatia ........................................................................... 36 Drobnica ............................................................................................................................................... 104 A.5. Razvoj poljoprivrede u Dalmaciji/ Development of Karbunčela ......................................................................................................................................... 106 agriculture in Dalmatia .................................................................................................. 42 Krvavica ................................................................................................................................................. 108 A.6. Genetička osnova i nastanak sorti i pasmina Dalmacije/ Genetic foundation and origin of varieties and breeds in Lastovka ................................................................................................................................................ 110 Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 48 Levantinka .......................................................................................................................................... 112 A.7. Zakonski okvir za sorte i pasmine Dalmacije/ Legislative Lumbardeška ................................................................................................................................... 114 background for varieties and breeds of Dalmatia ............................ 54 Oblica ....................................................................................................................................................... 116 A.8. Ukupna agrobioraznolikost Dalmacije i važnost njenog Dužica ...................................................................................................................................................... 120 očuvanja/ Overall agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia and the Grozdača ............................................................................................................................................... 121 importance of its preservation ............................................................................... 60 Jeruzalemka ....................................................................................................................................... 122 A.9. Povijesni pregled istraživanja agrobioraznolikosti Kosmača ................................................................................................................................................ 123 Dalmacije/ Historical survey of research into the agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia ................................................................................... 66 Murgulja ................................................................................................................................................ 124 6 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Paštrica .................................................................................................................................................... 125 Maraština .............................................................................................................................................. 180 Piculja ....................................................................................................................................................... 126 Mladenka ............................................................................................................................................. 182 Sitnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 127 Muškat ruža ...................................................................................................................................... 184 Uljarica .................................................................................................................................................... 128 Ninčuša .................................................................................................................................................. 186 Velika lastovka ................................................................................................................................. 129 Palagružanka bijela .................................................................................................................. 188 Brindićanka ........................................................................................................................................ 130 Petovka ................................................................................................................................................... 190 Divljaka ................................................................................................................................................... 130 Plavac mali ......................................................................................................................................... 192 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 131 Plavina .................................................................................................................................................... 194 Pošip bijeli 196 .......................................................................................................................................... Vinova loza (J. Karoglan Kontić & E. Maletić) ........................................................ 132 Prč ................................................................................................................................................................ 198 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 140 Vlaška ...................................................................................................................................................... 200 Babica ........................................................................................................................................................ 142 Vugava bijela .................................................................................................................................... 202 Babić ........................................................................................................................................................... 144 Zlatarica blatska ........................................................................................................................... 204 Bogdanuša ............................................................................................................................................ 146 Zlatarica vrgorska ....................................................................................................................... 206 Bratkovina bijela ........................................................................................................................... 148 Žilavka ..................................................................................................................................................... 208 Cetinka ..................................................................................................................................................... 150 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................ 210 Cipar ........................................................................................................................................................... 152 Crljenak kaštelanski .................................................................................................................. 154 Voćne kulture (F. Strikić, dijelom R.Ozimec) ........................................................ 212 Crljenak viški .................................................................................................................................... 156 Žižula (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................... 220 Debit ........................................................................................................................................................... 158 Domaća žižula............................................................................................................................ 222 Dobričić .................................................................................................................................................. 160 Rogač........................................................................................................................................................... 224 Drnekuša ............................................................................................................................................... 162 Komiški ............................................................................................................................................ 226 Gegić ........................................................................................................................................................... 164 Šipanski ........................................................................................................................................... 227 Glavinuša ............................................................................................................................................... 166 Puljiški .............................................................................................................................................. 228 Grk ................................................................................................................................................................ 168 Boglić .................................................................................................................................................. 229 Krstičevica ............................................................................................................................................ 170 Medunac ......................................................................................................................................... 229 Kujundžuša ......................................................................................................................................... 172 Šipak ........................................................................................................................................................... 230 Lasina ........................................................................................................................................................ 174 Barski slatki ................................................................................................................................. 232 Ljutun ....................................................................................................................................................... 176 Dubrovački kasni .................................................................................................................. 233 Malvasija dubrovačka .............................................................................................................. 178 Glavaš ................................................................................................................................................. 234 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 7 Konjski zub .................................................................................................................................. 235 Gorka naranča (R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................... 272 Sladun ............................................................................................................................................... 236 Bajam ......................................................................................................................................................... 274 Zamorski ........................................................................................................................................ 237 Čarski kasni ................................................................................................................................ 276 Slatki tankokorac .................................................................................................................. 238 Knez črnomir ............................................................................................................................. 277 Šerbetaš ........................................................................................................................................... 239 Princeza smokvička ............................................................................................................ 278 Karaderviš ..................................................................................................................................... 240 Smokvički polumekiš ....................................................................................................... 279 Mojdeški krupnozrni ........................................................................................................ 240 Sutivanski ...................................................................................................................................... 279 Šipak crnog zuba ................................................................................................................... 241 Župski ................................................................................................................................................ 280 Murva (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................... 242 Nešpola (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ................................................................................. 282 Domaća crna i bijela murva ...................................................................................... 244 Domaća krupna nešpola ............................................................................................... 284 Smokva .................................................................................................................................................... 246 Oskoruša .(F. Strikić & R. Ozimec).............................................................................. 286 Bjelica ................................................................................................................................................ 248 Domaća oskoruša ................................................................................................................. 288 Petrovača bijela ....................................................................................................................... 249 Trešnja ...................................................................................................................................................... 290 Šaraguja ........................................................................................................................................... 250 Tugarka ............................................................................................................................................ 292 Termenjača .................................................................................................................................. 251 Gomilička ...................................................................................................................................... 293 Zamorčica ...................................................................................................................................... 252 Stonska ............................................................................................................................................. 294 Bružetka crna ............................................................................................................................ 253 Stonska duge peteljke ...................................................................................................... 295 Vodenjača ...................................................................................................................................... 253 Višnja maraska ................................................................................................................................ 296 Crnica ................................................................................................................................................ 254 Brač-2 ................................................................................................................................................. 298 Petrovača crna .......................................................................................................................... 255 Brač-6 ................................................................................................................................................. 299 Zimica ................................................................................................................................................ 256 Poljička ............................................................................................................................................. 300 Zlatna smokva .......................................................................................................................... 257 Recta ................................................................................................................................................... 301 Četrun (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) .................................................................................... 258 Sokoluša .......................................................................................................................................... 302 Domaći četrun ......................................................................................................................... 260 Pendula ............................................................................................................................................ 303 Limun (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 262 Visulja ................................................................................................................................................ 303 Mandarina ............................................................................................................................................ 264 Vodica ................................................................................................................................................ 304 Zorica rana ................................................................................................................................... 266 Jabuka (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 306 Naranča ................................................................................................................................................... 268 Žrnovska ......................................................................................................................................... 308 Kuparka ........................................................................................................................................... 270 Tršlja (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................. 310 Katarinka ....................................................................................................................................... 271 Domaća tršlja ............................................................................................................................ 312 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 314 8 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Povrtnice (Z. Matotan, dijelom R.Ozimec) ................................................................ 316 Domaći bob ................................................................................................................................. 354 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 322 Grah (R. Ozimec) .......................................................................................................................... 356 Dinja (R. Ozimec) ........................................................................................................................ 324 Grah rogač .................................................................................................................................... 356 Paška dinja ................................................................................................................................... 324 Sjekirica .................................................................................................................................................. 358 Artičoka .................................................................................................................................................. 326 Domaća sjekirica ................................................................................................................... 358 Hvarska artičoka .................................................................................................................... 326 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 360 Endivija ................................................................................................................................................... 328 Domaći krupnozrni slanutak .................................................................................. 360 Dalmatinska kopica ........................................................................................................... 328 Rajčica ...................................................................................................................................................... 362 Salata .......................................................................................................................................................... 330 Šibenski šljivar ......................................................................................................................... 362 Dalmatinska ledenka ........................................................................................................ 330 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 364 Brokula 332 .................................................................................................................................................... Župski kavulin .......................................................................................................................... 332 Ratarske i krmne kulture (R.Ozimec) ........................................................................ 366 Cvjetača ................................................................................................................................................... 334 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 378 Trogirska srednje rana cvjetača ............................................................................. 334 Agava .......................................................................................................................................................... 380 Kupus (R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................................................... 336 Pitomi broć........................................................................................................................................... 382 Sinjski kupus .............................................................................................................................. 336 Domaći pitomi broć ........................................................................................................... 382 Žegarski kupus ........................................................................................................................ 338 Buhač ......................................................................................................................................................... 384 Raštika ...................................................................................................................................................... 340 Dalmatinski buhač .............................................................................................................. 384 Domaća raštika ....................................................................................................................... 340 Brnistra .................................................................................................................................................... 386 Blitva (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................................................................... 342 Djetelina rumena ......................................................................................................................... 388 Domaća blitva .......................................................................................................................... 342 Leća ............................................................................................................................................................. 390 Češnjak .................................................................................................................................................... 344 Domaća leća ............................................................................................................................... 390 Ljubitovački češnjak .......................................................................................................... 344 Lucerka .................................................................................................................................................... 392 Polački ozimi češnjak ....................................................................................................... 346 Mediteranska lucerka ....................................................................................................... 392 Kozjak ....................................................................................................................................................... 348 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 394 Domaća ljutika ........................................................................................................................ 348 Domaći sitnozrni slanutak ......................................................................................... 394 Luk ................................................................................................................................................................ 350 Vučika bijela ...................................................................................................................................... 396 Dolačka kapulica ................................................................................................................... 350 Dalmatinska bijela vučika ........................................................................................... 396 Konavljanska kapula (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................... 352 Duhan ....................................................................................................................................................... 398 Bob ............................................................................................................................................................... 354 Ravnjak ............................................................................................................................................. 398 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 9 Duhan kržak ...................................................................................................................................... 400 Aromatično, začinsko, ljekovito, medonosno, ukrasno i Ružić ................................................................................................................................................... 400 samoniklo jestivo bilje (R.Ozimec) ................................................................................ 428 Krumpir .................................................................................................................................................. 402 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 438 Počiteljka ........................................................................................................................................ 402 Smrič obični ....................................................................................................................................... 440 Škuljevac ......................................................................................................................................... 404 Smilje ......................................................................................................................................................... 442 Ječam obični ...................................................................................................................................... 406 Indijska smokva ............................................................................................................................. 444 Domaći višeredni ječam ................................................................................................ 406 Kapar .......................................................................................................................................................... 446 Kostrika perasta ............................................................................................................................. 408 Riga .............................................................................................................................................................. 448 Kršin primorski .............................................................................................................................. 410 Dubrovačka riga ..................................................................................................................... 448 Kukuruz .................................................................................................................................................. 412 Divlja riga .............................................................................................................................................. 450 Domaći tvrdunac .................................................................................................................. 412 Lovor .......................................................................................................................................................... 452 Oštrica primorska ....................................................................................................................... 414 Oštrolisna šparoga ...................................................................................................................... 454 Pir pravi ................................................................................................................................................... 416 Mirta ........................................................................................................................................................... 456 Domaći pir .................................................................................................................................... 416 Ilirska perunika .............................................................................................................................. 458 Pšenica tvrda brkulja ................................................................................................................ 418 Sunovrat žuti ..................................................................................................................................... 460 Dalmatinska tvrda brkulja .......................................................................................... 418 Župski žuti sunovrat ......................................................................................................... 460 Raž ................................................................................................................................................................ 420 Komorač ................................................................................................................................................. 462 Domaća raž .................................................................................................................................. 420 Matar .......................................................................................................................................................... 464 Sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................................................ 422 Bosiljak .................................................................................................................................................... 466 Domaći sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................. 422 Murtela ............................................................................................................................................. 466 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 424 Kadulja ljekovita ............................................................................................................................ 468 Primorska kadulja ................................................................................................................ 468 Lavandin ................................................................................................................................................ 470 Budrovka ........................................................................................................................................ 470 Ružmarin ............................................................................................................................................... 474 Uspravni ružmarin .............................................................................................................. 474 Primorski vrisak ............................................................................................................................ 476 Planika ..................................................................................................................................................... 478 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 480 10 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE

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Impresum Tradicijske sorTe i pasmine dalmacije recenZenTi Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger nakladnik Program Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj Veliku zahvalnost dugujemo iznimnom prirodoslovcu Martinu Schneideru (1956.–2012.) koji je svojim struč- Za nakladnika nim komentarima i savjetima sudjelovao u recenziji ove Sandra Vlašić knjige. Martin Schneider bio je jedan od rijetkih biolo- Louisa Vinton ga koji je još prije trideset godina upozoravao na ulogu i važnost tradicijskih sorti i pasmina u zaštiti prirode. sunakladnici Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode lekTura Javna ustanova ‘’Nacionalni park Krka’’ Juliette Janušić Zadarska županija Javna ustanova ReraSD za koordinaciju i prijevod i lekTura enGleskoG TeksTa razvoj Splitsko - dalmatinske županije Graham McMaster Dubrovačko - neretvanska županija auTori foToGrafija Glavni i odGovorni urednici Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan, auTori Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić, Roman Ozimec Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan Edi Maletić Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar, Zdravko Matotan Stanislav Štambuk Frane Strikić oblikovanje i priprema Za Tisak Kudos studio idejno rješenje naslovnice Krešimir Kraljević 2 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Publication details TradiTional varieTies and breeds of dalmaTia reviewers Toni Nikolić, Martin Schneider †, Borut Stumberger publisher United Nations Development Programme We are greatly indebted to the outstanding naturalist Martin Schneider (1956-2012), who made a significant for The publisher contributing to the reviewing of this book with his well- Sandra Vlašić informed comments and suggestions. Martin Schneider Louisa Vinton was one of the few biologists to draw attention, as long as thirty years ago, to the role and importance of traditi- Co-publishers onal varieties and breeds in nature protection. State Institute for Nature Protection Public Institution Krka National Park copy ediTinG Zadar County Juliette Janušić Public Institution ReraSD for coordination and development of Split-Dalmatia County enGlish TranslaTion and ediTinG Dubrovnik-Neretva County Graham McMaster ediTors in-chief phoToGraphs by Roman Ozimec, Snježana Mihinica Sandro Bogdanović, Ljiljana Borovečki Voska, Ivan Bura, Ivo Kara Pešić, Gordana Kožarić Silov, Ivica auThors Lolić, Edi Maletić, Semir Maslo, Zdravko Matotan, Roman Ozimec Bojan Mazanek, Thomas Mravičić, Toni Nikolić, Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Roman Ozimec, Ana Peraica, Ivo Pervan, Darko Edi Maletić Petanjek, Gordana Petrovčić, Mira Radunić, Ivan Zdravko Matotan Raič, Frane Strikić, Borut Stumberger, Marija Ševar, Frane Strikić Stanislav Štambuk desiGn and prepress Kudos studio oriGinal idea for The cover Krešimir Kraljević TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 3 ilusTracija naslovnice Program Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj (UNDP) svjet- Vedran Klemens ska je mreža UN-a za razvoj, organizacija koja zago- vara promjene i povezivanje država sa znanjem, isku- Tisak stvom te potencijalima kako bi se građanima omogu- Tiskara Zelina d.d. ćilo izgraditi bolji život. Djeluje u 177 država poma- žući im da nađu vlastita rješenja za izazove globalnog naklada i nacionalnog razvoja. Razvojem lokalnih kapaciteta 1 000 primjeraka te se države oslanjaju na mrežu UNDP-ovih struč- njaka i širok raspon partnera. Priprema knjige u cijelosti je financirana od strane Pro- grama Ujedinjenih naroda za razvoj (UNDP-a) u Hr- U ovoj publikaciji iznesena su mišljenja autora i nuž- vatskoj i Globalnog fonda za okoliš (GEF-a), a u okvi- no ne predstavljaju službeno stajalište UNDP-a. ru provedbe COAST projekta (Conservation and Su- stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Umnožavanje ove publikacije ili njezinih dijelova u through Greening Coastal Development – Project bilo kojem obliku, kao i distribucija, nisu dozvoljeni ID 00050301 PIMS 2439). Tisak publikacije finan- bez prethodnog pisanog odobrenja nakladnika. cijski su potpomogli Javna ustanova „Nacionalni park Krka“, Zadarska županija, Javna ustanova ReraSD za ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5 koordinaciju i razvoj Splitsko-dalmatinske županije te Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija. CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Naci- onalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 000901673. 4 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE cover illusTraTion UNDP is a world-wide UN network for development, Vedran Klemens an organisation that champions changes and the connecting of states with the knowledge, experien- prinTinG ce and potentials to enable their citizens to build at Tiskara Zelina d.d. better life. It is at work in 177 states, helping them to find their own solutions for the challenges of global prinT order and national development. With the development of 1 000 copies local capacities, the states can draw on the network of UNDP experts and a wide range of partners. The preparation of this book was fully financed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) The opinions of the authors stated in this publication do in Croatia and Global Environment Fund (GEF), as not necessarily reflect the official viewpoint of UNDP. part of the COAST project (Conservation and Su- stainable Use of Biodiversity in the Dalmatian Coast Reproduction of this publication or parts of it in any through Greening Coastal Development – Project form and distribution of the same are not permitted ID 00050301 PIMS 2439). The printing of this publi- without prior written approval from the publisher. cation was financially supported by: Public Institution Krka National Park, Zadar County, Public Institution ISBN 978-953-7429-51-5 ReraSD for coordination and development of Split- Dalmatia County and Dubrovnik-Neretva County. CIP file available in the digital catalogue of the Nati- onal Library in Zagreb, file number 000901673. TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 5 Sadržaj/Contents Sadržaj/Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 6 A.10. Sorte i pasmine Dalmacije, osnova tradicijskih proizvoda/ Varieties and breeds of Dalmatia, the foundation of Predgovor (undp) / Foreword (undp)................................................................................ 12 traditional products 72 ......................................................................................................... Predgovor (dzzp) / Foreword (sinp)...................................................................................... 14 A.11. Osobna prirodoslovna karta Dalmacije i Hrvatske/ A physicogeographical ID of Dalmatia and Croatia .......................... 78 A tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije/ traditional varieties Literatura/References ....................................................................................................... 82 and breeds of dalmatia opći dio/ general part (R. Ozimec) 16 ................................................................................ B tradicijske sorte i pasmine dalmacije A.1. Povijesne i geografske osnove Dalmacije/Historical and Specijalni dio 86 geographical foundations of Dalmatia ......................................................... 18 ............................................................................................................................................. A.2. Geološka, hidrogeomorfološka i krajobrazna podloga Dalmacije/Geological, hydrological, geomorphological and Maslina (F.Strikić) .................................................................................................................................. 88 landscape background of Dalmatia ................................................................. 24 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije .................................................................... 96 A.3. Klima i vegetacija Dalmacije/Climate and vegetation in Bjelica ....................................................................................................................................................... 98 Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 30 Buharica ................................................................................................................................................ 100 A.4. Stanišna i biološka raznolikost Dalmacije/ Habitat and Crnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 102 biological diversity in Dalmatia ........................................................................... 36 Drobnica ............................................................................................................................................... 104 A.5. Razvoj poljoprivrede u Dalmaciji/ Development of Karbunčela ......................................................................................................................................... 106 agriculture in Dalmatia .................................................................................................. 42 Krvavica ................................................................................................................................................. 108 A.6. Genetička osnova i nastanak sorti i pasmina Dalmacije/ Genetic foundation and origin of varieties and breeds in Lastovka ................................................................................................................................................ 110 Dalmatia ......................................................................................................................................... 48 Levantinka .......................................................................................................................................... 112 A.7. Zakonski okvir za sorte i pasmine Dalmacije/ Legislative Lumbardeška ................................................................................................................................... 114 background for varieties and breeds of Dalmatia ............................ 54 Oblica ....................................................................................................................................................... 116 A.8. Ukupna agrobioraznolikost Dalmacije i važnost njenog Dužica ...................................................................................................................................................... 120 očuvanja/ Overall agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia and the Grozdača ............................................................................................................................................... 121 importance of its preservation ............................................................................... 60 Jeruzalemka ....................................................................................................................................... 122 A.9. Povijesni pregled istraživanja agrobioraznolikosti Kosmača ................................................................................................................................................ 123 Dalmacije/ Historical survey of research into the agrobiodiversity of Dalmatia ................................................................................... 66 Murgulja ................................................................................................................................................ 124 6 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Paštrica .................................................................................................................................................... 125 Maraština .............................................................................................................................................. 180 Piculja ....................................................................................................................................................... 126 Mladenka ............................................................................................................................................. 182 Sitnica ....................................................................................................................................................... 127 Muškat ruža ...................................................................................................................................... 184 Uljarica .................................................................................................................................................... 128 Ninčuša .................................................................................................................................................. 186 Velika lastovka ................................................................................................................................. 129 Palagružanka bijela .................................................................................................................. 188 Brindićanka ........................................................................................................................................ 130 Petovka ................................................................................................................................................... 190 Divljaka ................................................................................................................................................... 130 Plavac mali ......................................................................................................................................... 192 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 131 Plavina .................................................................................................................................................... 194 Pošip bijeli 196 .......................................................................................................................................... Vinova loza (J. Karoglan Kontić & E. Maletić) ........................................................ 132 Prč ................................................................................................................................................................ 198 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 140 Vlaška ...................................................................................................................................................... 200 Babica ........................................................................................................................................................ 142 Vugava bijela .................................................................................................................................... 202 Babić ........................................................................................................................................................... 144 Zlatarica blatska ........................................................................................................................... 204 Bogdanuša ............................................................................................................................................ 146 Zlatarica vrgorska ....................................................................................................................... 206 Bratkovina bijela ........................................................................................................................... 148 Žilavka ..................................................................................................................................................... 208 Cetinka ..................................................................................................................................................... 150 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................ 210 Cipar ........................................................................................................................................................... 152 Crljenak kaštelanski .................................................................................................................. 154 Voćne kulture (F. Strikić, dijelom R.Ozimec) ........................................................ 212 Crljenak viški .................................................................................................................................... 156 Žižula (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................... 220 Debit ........................................................................................................................................................... 158 Domaća žižula............................................................................................................................ 222 Dobričić .................................................................................................................................................. 160 Rogač........................................................................................................................................................... 224 Drnekuša ............................................................................................................................................... 162 Komiški ............................................................................................................................................ 226 Gegić ........................................................................................................................................................... 164 Šipanski ........................................................................................................................................... 227 Glavinuša ............................................................................................................................................... 166 Puljiški .............................................................................................................................................. 228 Grk ................................................................................................................................................................ 168 Boglić .................................................................................................................................................. 229 Krstičevica ............................................................................................................................................ 170 Medunac ......................................................................................................................................... 229 Kujundžuša ......................................................................................................................................... 172 Šipak ........................................................................................................................................................... 230 Lasina ........................................................................................................................................................ 174 Barski slatki ................................................................................................................................. 232 Ljutun ....................................................................................................................................................... 176 Dubrovački kasni .................................................................................................................. 233 Malvasija dubrovačka .............................................................................................................. 178 Glavaš ................................................................................................................................................. 234 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 7 Konjski zub .................................................................................................................................. 235 Gorka naranča (R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................... 272 Sladun ............................................................................................................................................... 236 Bajam ......................................................................................................................................................... 274 Zamorski ........................................................................................................................................ 237 Čarski kasni ................................................................................................................................ 276 Slatki tankokorac .................................................................................................................. 238 Knez črnomir ............................................................................................................................. 277 Šerbetaš ........................................................................................................................................... 239 Princeza smokvička ............................................................................................................ 278 Karaderviš ..................................................................................................................................... 240 Smokvički polumekiš ....................................................................................................... 279 Mojdeški krupnozrni ........................................................................................................ 240 Sutivanski ...................................................................................................................................... 279 Šipak crnog zuba ................................................................................................................... 241 Župski ................................................................................................................................................ 280 Murva (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................... 242 Nešpola (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ................................................................................. 282 Domaća crna i bijela murva ...................................................................................... 244 Domaća krupna nešpola ............................................................................................... 284 Smokva .................................................................................................................................................... 246 Oskoruša .(F. Strikić & R. Ozimec).............................................................................. 286 Bjelica ................................................................................................................................................ 248 Domaća oskoruša ................................................................................................................. 288 Petrovača bijela ....................................................................................................................... 249 Trešnja ...................................................................................................................................................... 290 Šaraguja ........................................................................................................................................... 250 Tugarka ............................................................................................................................................ 292 Termenjača .................................................................................................................................. 251 Gomilička ...................................................................................................................................... 293 Zamorčica ...................................................................................................................................... 252 Stonska ............................................................................................................................................. 294 Bružetka crna ............................................................................................................................ 253 Stonska duge peteljke ...................................................................................................... 295 Vodenjača ...................................................................................................................................... 253 Višnja maraska ................................................................................................................................ 296 Crnica ................................................................................................................................................ 254 Brač-2 ................................................................................................................................................. 298 Petrovača crna .......................................................................................................................... 255 Brač-6 ................................................................................................................................................. 299 Zimica ................................................................................................................................................ 256 Poljička ............................................................................................................................................. 300 Zlatna smokva .......................................................................................................................... 257 Recta ................................................................................................................................................... 301 Četrun (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) .................................................................................... 258 Sokoluša .......................................................................................................................................... 302 Domaći četrun ......................................................................................................................... 260 Pendula ............................................................................................................................................ 303 Limun (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 262 Visulja ................................................................................................................................................ 303 Mandarina ............................................................................................................................................ 264 Vodica ................................................................................................................................................ 304 Zorica rana ................................................................................................................................... 266 Jabuka (R. Ozimec) ..................................................................................................................... 306 Naranča ................................................................................................................................................... 268 Žrnovska ......................................................................................................................................... 308 Kuparka ........................................................................................................................................... 270 Tršlja (F. Strikić & R. Ozimec) ............................................................................................. 310 Katarinka ....................................................................................................................................... 271 Domaća tršlja ............................................................................................................................ 312 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 314 8 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE Povrtnice (Z. Matotan, dijelom R.Ozimec) ................................................................ 316 Domaći bob ................................................................................................................................. 354 Prikaz najvažnijih sorti Dalmacije ..................................................................... 322 Grah (R. Ozimec) .......................................................................................................................... 356 Dinja (R. Ozimec) ........................................................................................................................ 324 Grah rogač .................................................................................................................................... 356 Paška dinja ................................................................................................................................... 324 Sjekirica .................................................................................................................................................. 358 Artičoka .................................................................................................................................................. 326 Domaća sjekirica ................................................................................................................... 358 Hvarska artičoka .................................................................................................................... 326 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 360 Endivija ................................................................................................................................................... 328 Domaći krupnozrni slanutak .................................................................................. 360 Dalmatinska kopica ........................................................................................................... 328 Rajčica ...................................................................................................................................................... 362 Salata .......................................................................................................................................................... 330 Šibenski šljivar ......................................................................................................................... 362 Dalmatinska ledenka ........................................................................................................ 330 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 364 Brokula 332 .................................................................................................................................................... Župski kavulin .......................................................................................................................... 332 Ratarske i krmne kulture (R.Ozimec) ........................................................................ 366 Cvjetača ................................................................................................................................................... 334 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 378 Trogirska srednje rana cvjetača ............................................................................. 334 Agava .......................................................................................................................................................... 380 Kupus (R. Ozimec) ...................................................................................................................... 336 Pitomi broć........................................................................................................................................... 382 Sinjski kupus .............................................................................................................................. 336 Domaći pitomi broć ........................................................................................................... 382 Žegarski kupus ........................................................................................................................ 338 Buhač ......................................................................................................................................................... 384 Raštika ...................................................................................................................................................... 340 Dalmatinski buhač .............................................................................................................. 384 Domaća raštika ....................................................................................................................... 340 Brnistra .................................................................................................................................................... 386 Blitva (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................................................................... 342 Djetelina rumena ......................................................................................................................... 388 Domaća blitva .......................................................................................................................... 342 Leća ............................................................................................................................................................. 390 Češnjak .................................................................................................................................................... 344 Domaća leća ............................................................................................................................... 390 Ljubitovački češnjak .......................................................................................................... 344 Lucerka .................................................................................................................................................... 392 Polački ozimi češnjak ....................................................................................................... 346 Mediteranska lucerka ....................................................................................................... 392 Kozjak ....................................................................................................................................................... 348 Slanutak .................................................................................................................................................. 394 Domaća ljutika ........................................................................................................................ 348 Domaći sitnozrni slanutak ......................................................................................... 394 Luk ................................................................................................................................................................ 350 Vučika bijela ...................................................................................................................................... 396 Dolačka kapulica ................................................................................................................... 350 Dalmatinska bijela vučika ........................................................................................... 396 Konavljanska kapula (R. Ozimec) ....................................................................... 352 Duhan ....................................................................................................................................................... 398 Bob ............................................................................................................................................................... 354 Ravnjak ............................................................................................................................................. 398 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE 9 Duhan kržak ...................................................................................................................................... 400 Aromatično, začinsko, ljekovito, medonosno, ukrasno i Ružić ................................................................................................................................................... 400 samoniklo jestivo bilje (R.Ozimec) ................................................................................ 428 Krumpir .................................................................................................................................................. 402 Prikaz najvažnijih kultura i sorti Dalmacije ...................................... 438 Počiteljka ........................................................................................................................................ 402 Smrič obični ....................................................................................................................................... 440 Škuljevac ......................................................................................................................................... 404 Smilje ......................................................................................................................................................... 442 Ječam obični ...................................................................................................................................... 406 Indijska smokva ............................................................................................................................. 444 Domaći višeredni ječam ................................................................................................ 406 Kapar .......................................................................................................................................................... 446 Kostrika perasta ............................................................................................................................. 408 Riga .............................................................................................................................................................. 448 Kršin primorski .............................................................................................................................. 410 Dubrovačka riga ..................................................................................................................... 448 Kukuruz .................................................................................................................................................. 412 Divlja riga .............................................................................................................................................. 450 Domaći tvrdunac .................................................................................................................. 412 Lovor .......................................................................................................................................................... 452 Oštrica primorska ....................................................................................................................... 414 Oštrolisna šparoga ...................................................................................................................... 454 Pir pravi ................................................................................................................................................... 416 Mirta ........................................................................................................................................................... 456 Domaći pir .................................................................................................................................... 416 Ilirska perunika .............................................................................................................................. 458 Pšenica tvrda brkulja ................................................................................................................ 418 Sunovrat žuti ..................................................................................................................................... 460 Dalmatinska tvrda brkulja .......................................................................................... 418 Župski žuti sunovrat ......................................................................................................... 460 Raž ................................................................................................................................................................ 420 Komorač ................................................................................................................................................. 462 Domaća raž .................................................................................................................................. 420 Matar .......................................................................................................................................................... 464 Sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................................................ 422 Bosiljak .................................................................................................................................................... 466 Domaći sirak zrnaš ............................................................................................................. 422 Murtela ............................................................................................................................................. 466 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 424 Kadulja ljekovita ............................................................................................................................ 468 Primorska kadulja ................................................................................................................ 468 Lavandin ................................................................................................................................................ 470 Budrovka ........................................................................................................................................ 470 Ružmarin ............................................................................................................................................... 474 Uspravni ružmarin .............................................................................................................. 474 Primorski vrisak ............................................................................................................................ 476 Planika ..................................................................................................................................................... 478 Literatura ............................................................................................................................................. 480 10 TRADICIJSKE SORTE I PASMINE DALMACIJE

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