Towards Understanding Community: People and Places

257 Pages·2007·1.28 MB·English

by  Christopher J. Clay, Mary Madden, Laura Potts (eds.)

Towards Understanding
Community
People and Places
Edited by
Christopher J. Clay, Mary Madden
and Laura Potts
Towards Understanding Community
AlsobyChristopherJ.Clay
THESOCIALCONSTRUCTIONOFAIDS
AlsobyLauraPotts
IDEOLOGIESOFBREASTCANCER:FeministPerspectives(editor)
Towards Understanding
Community
People and Places
Editedby
Christopher J. Clay
YorkStJohnUniversity
Mary Madden
UniversityofYork
Laura Potts
YorkStJohnUniversity
Editorialselectionandtheirchapters©ChristopherJ.Clay,MaryMadden
andLauraPotts2007
Chapters©theirauthors2007
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Contents
NotesonContributors vii
1 PeopleandPlaces:AnIntroductionTowardsUnderstanding
Community 1
Christopher J. Clay, Mary Madden and Laura Potts
2 TheSignatureQuilt 4
Roxy Walsh
Part I Locating Community
3 LocatingCommunity:AnIntroduction 11
Christopher J. Clay
4 ThePoliticsofCommunity:NewLabourandtheEclipseof
Society 22
Simon Parker
5 LearningCommunitiesandTertiaryEducation 35
Stuart Billingham
6 ‘ForAlltheWomenOutThere’:CommunityandtheEthics
ofCareintheMarketingofaBreastCancerFundraising
Event 47
Julia D’Aloisio
7 ContingentCommunities:BritishSocialPolicyandthe
InventionofRefugeeCommunities 60
Lynnette Kelly
Part II Justice Within and Between Communities
8 JusticeWithinandBetweenCommunities 73
Mary Madden
9 Globalization, Multiple Threats and the Weakness of
InternationalInstitutions:ACommunity-CentredResponse 85
Simon Sweeney
v
vi Contents
10 TheIdealofaSustainableCommunity,2006 97
Kristina Peat
11 CommunityInformatics:BuildingCivilSocietyinthe
InformationAge? 111
Leigh Keeble
12 WorkingwiththeCommunity:ResearchandAction 123
Gayle Letherby, Geraldine Brady and Geraldine Brown
13 impetus:AMovementTowardsSharedEthicalValuesand
HumanRights 137
Adam Short
Part III Building Healthy Communities
14 BuildingHealthyCommunities 153
Laura Potts
15 HowCommunitiesCanUseGeographicalInformation
Systems 163
Steve Cinderby
16 CommunityCapacityBuilding,CommunityDevelopment
and Health: A Case Study of ‘Health Issues in the
Community’ 178
Richard Phillips
17 A Community of Expertise: Positioning the UK
EnvironmentalBreastCancerMovement 191
Laura Potts
18 Towards Understanding Community: Developing
ParticipatoryWorking 204
Pat Turton
Bibliography 218
Index 243
Notes on Contributors
Stuart Billingham is Professor of Lifelong Learning and Pro Vice
Chancellor atYork St John University, UK. His role includes over-
sight of the University’s widening participation and lifelong learning
strategy, collaborative (and especially regional) academic partnerships,
and working across the university to ensure and enhance the quality
of the student experience. He is active nationally and internation-
ally in promoting wider access to university education. His academic
roots are in politics and sociology, specialising after completing his
PhD in (in)equality of opportunity in post-school education. His most
recent publications have focused on widening participation in higher
education.
Geraldine Brady is a Research Fellow in the Centre for Social Justice
(CSJ) at Coventry University, UK. Her primary research interests are
children’s perspectives of health and social care and the development
ofchild/youngperson-inclusivemethods;theseinterestswerereflected
in her doctoral research, ‘Children and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD): a sociological exploration’. Since joining the CSJ in
2004shehasbeeninvolvedinanumberofresearchprojectswhichhave
exploredtheexperiencesofmarginalisedorsociallyexcludedgroups,in
particularyoungparentsandpregnantteenagers.
Geraldine Brown is a Senior Research Assistant in the Centre for
SocialJusticeatCoventryUniversity,UK.Shehasextensiveexperience
of undertaking research for the voluntary, community and academic
sectors.Herparticularfocushasbeentheextentofsocialexclusionand
the effectiveness of efforts to challenge it. The research she has under-
takenhascoveredabroadrangeofareas.Theseincludehealthandsocial
care policy and practice, the health and social care of teenage parents
andBlackandminorityethniccommunities,thehealthandsocialcare
interface, partnership working, community regeneration and housing.
Akeyaimofherworkistopromotethevoicesandviewsofthosewho
tendtobemarginalised.
vii
viii NotesonContributors
Steve Cinderby is a geographer and has been Deputy Director of the
StockholmEnvironmentInstitutecentreatYorksince1999.Hehasbeen
involved in developing participatory geographic information system
(PGIS) techniques since 1995. First, in developing countries addressing
commonpropertylandmanagementandsubsequentlyintheUKinvest-
igating diverse environmental concerns ranging from air pollution to
urbanregeneration.
Christopher J. Clay is currently Head of Programme for Community
Studies at York St John University, UK. Over the last 30-plus years he
has occupied a variety of roles within York St John including a period
in the 1970s and 1980s as a community worker, first in Hoyland (near
Barnsley)andtheninYork.Teachingandresearchinterestsincludethe
social construction of HIV/AIDS, surveillance and social control, and
teachingandlearning.
Julia D’Aloisio recently completed her graduate studies in the Faculty
ofPhysicalEducationandHealthattheUniversityofToronto,Canada,
with interests in gender and health and health communication. Her
thesis research explored the marketing of breast cancer fundraising
events, including the discourse of ‘community’ and the way in which
risks are communicated to women about breast cancer. During her
studies she worked as a research assistant with the faculty’s Centre
for Girls’ and Women’s Health and Physical Activity, and is currently
workingwithanNGObasedinGeneva,Switzerland.
LeighKeebleisa‘Translational’ResearchFellowworkingontheESRC
e-Society Programme in the Department of Sociology, University of
York,UK.Herresearchinterestsareintheareasofcommunityinform-
atics, the use of ICTs by the voluntary and community sector, and
the role of ICTs in empowering young people in public care. Leigh is
also the Reviews Editor for the journal Information, Communication and
Society(iCS).
Lynnette Kelly gained a PhD from the Centre for Research in Ethnic
RelationsattheUniversityofWarwickin2001.SheworkedatWarwick
as a research fellow, first in CRER and subsequently at the Institute of
Health until 2005. Her main research interests are the settlement and
integrationofminorities,especiallyrefugees.Sheisnowacitycouncillor
NotesonContributors ix
in Coventry, UK. Lynnette would also like to acknowledge the assis-
tance of Fraser Murray of Oxford Brookes University for his assistance
inresearchingforthischapter.
Gayle Letherby is a Professor of Sociology in the School of Law
and Social Science at the University of Plymouth, UK. Before moving
to Plymouth in October 2005 she was Reader in Sociology and
Deputy Director of the Centre for Social Justice (CSJ) at Coventry
University. Research and writing interests include reproductive and
non/parentalidentities;workingandlearninginhighereducation;devi-
ance, crime and criminology and the sociology of trains and train
travel.ThroughouthercareerGaylehasbeenfascinatedandexcitedby
issues of method, methodology and epistemology – including feminist
approaches,auto/biographyandtherelationshipbetweenknowingand
doing.Recentlyshehasbecomeevenmoreinterestedinresearchpraxis:
therelationshipbetweenresearch,politicsandpractice.
Mary Madden is a Research Fellow in the Department of Health
Sciences at York University, UK. She has an inter-disciplinary back-
groundinEnglishLiterature,CriticalTheory,SociologyandSocialand
Community Work. Her work history combines practical field experi-
ence with complex epistemological and methodological challenges to
forms of enquiry in the social sciences. It includes a range of field-
based research and evaluation projects, the provision of social welfare
and community development services and teaching on both academic
and practice-based courses in higher education. Her doctoral thesis,
completed in 2001, draws on her experience of working with young
homelesspeopleinManchester.IttakesthereaderonaFeministGothic
exploration of the dilemmas facing a social researcher working in the
urbanpovertyindustryunderThatcherism.
Simon Parker is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York,
UK. His most recent book is Urban Theory and the Urban Experience.
Encountering the City, 2004. He is currently working on a book manu-
script Cities, Politics and Power which will examine the role of cities
in the wider regional and global system and the social, political,
military, economic and cultural manifestations of urban power in
comparativeandhistoricalperspective.
Kristina Peat is the Sustainability Officer for the City of York Council,
UK. She trained as an Environmental Planner and has a Post-Graduate