Thesis Master of Science in Agriculture Master of Science in Agriculture

107 Pages·2016·5.45 MB·English

Effect of pre-harvest sprays of different chemicals
on fruit yield, quality, cracking and shelf life in
Litchi chinensis
litchi ( Sonn.) cv. Rose Scented

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SUBMITTED TO THE

G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology
Pantnagar-263 145 (U.S. Nagar), Uttarakhand, INDIA

By

Nitin Panwar
(B.Sc. Horticulture)

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF

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(HORTICULTURE)

JUNE, 2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To the omniscient and omnipresent power of the universe, the Almighty God
for blessing me with endurance and strength to overcome hurdles that crossed my
way and helped me in achieving my goal.
I deem it a unique opportunity and proud privilege to express my profound
sense of gratitude to and indebtedness to my esteemed teacher and chairman of my
advisory committee, Dr. P.N. Rai, Professor (Horticulture) for his valuable and
inspiring guidance, constructive criticism, continuous inspiration and keen interest
during entire course of investigation and also while preparing the manuscript.
Words are inadequate and space just scanty to reiterate my eternal gratitude
and heartfelt thanks to members of my advisory committee Dr. D.C. Dimri and
Dr. A.K. Singh, Professor, Department of Horticulture, for their invaluable help,
sincere advice and indelible inspiration in the preparation of this manuscript.
I wish to extend my sincere thanks to Hon’ble Vice Chancellor; Dean, College
of Post Graduate Studies; Head, Department of Horticulture; Director, Experiment
station; Joint Director, Horticulture Research Centre, Patharchatta; University
Librarian and other university authorities for their co-operation and providing
necessary facilities during the course of study.
I am equally thankful to all faculty members Dr. P.N. Rai, Dr. D.C. Dimri,
Dr. N.K. Mishra, Dr. A.K. Singh and Dr. V.P. Singh. I extend my heartiest thanks to
Dr. D.S.Misra, Senior Scientist (Horticulture) for kind help and timely suggestions
during reaserch work and also while preparation of this manuscript.
I wish to express my gratitude to all the faculty members and non-
teaching staff of the Department of Horticulture in general and I would like to extend
my sincere thanks to Shri Prabhakar Joshi in particular.
I am equally grateful to Associate Director, HRC, Patharachatta for their
cooperation and all possible help in my research work and providing facility at
Horticulture Research Centre.
Indeed words fail to express my profound sense of gratitude and heartfelt
indebtedness to my father, Late Mr. Tejveer Singh; Mother, Mrs. Kusum Devi; Uncle,
Mr. Vishwas Singh, Mr. Ramkumar, Mr. Sanjay Kumar, Fufa, Mr. Raj Singh; Bua,
Mantalesh Devi for their constant encouragement and moral support to materialize
this dream.
I would be failing in my duties if, I do not mention the help, guidance and
constructive criticism rendered by my seniors Pankaj Sir, Patil Sir, Saurabh Sir,
Manoj Sir, Siddarth Sir, Jitendra Sir, Kundan Sir, Vikas Sir, Krishna kant Sir, Malay
Sir, Vinod Sir, Mukesh Sir.
I cannot forget the love, moral support and co-operation received from my
younger brother Mr. Rohit Kumar encouraged and helped me in every struggling
movement of my life.
A special word of appreciation is due to my dearest friends Tanmoy Sarkar,
Sunil Pant, Gaurav Goswami, Rajendra, Sonaj Kumar, who have been constant
source of motivation during the most required movements of my study.
And lastly how can I forget the love and affection received from my juniors
Ankit, Pankaj, Hitesh, Dhami, Divyangana, Mitali, Radha, Dhakkar, Rashmi,
Vivek etc.
Formal words of acknowledgement will not project the picture of the volcano
of feelings while expressing deep sense of gratitude of many known and unknown
hands which pushed me forward, lips put elixir in my heart, learned souls put me on
the right path and enlightened me with their experience, knowledge and wisdom.

Pantnagar (Nitin Panwar)
June, 2016 Author
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Effect of pre-harvest sprays
of different chemicals on fruit yield, quality, cracking and shelf life in
litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. Rose Scented” submitted in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in
Agriculture, with major in Horticulture, of the College of Post-Graduate
Studies, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, is a
record of bona fide research carried out by Mr. Nitin Panwar, Id. No. 47005
under my supervision, and no part of the thesis has been submitted for any
other degree or diploma.
The assistance and help received during the course of this investigation
and sources of literature have been duly acknowledged.

Pantnagar (P.N. Rai)
June, 2016 Chairman
Advisory Committee
CERTIFICATE
We, the undersigned, members of the Advisory Committee of
Mr. Nitin Panwar, Id. No. 47005, a candidate for the degree of Master of
Science in Agriculture, with major in Horticulture, agree that the thesis
entitled “Effect of pre-harvest sprays of different chemicals on fruit
yield, quality, cracking and shelf life in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv.
Rose Scented” may be submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree.

(P.N. Rai)
Chairman
Advisory Committee

(D.C. Dimri) (A.K. Singh)
Member Member
C O N T E N T S

S. No. CHAPTER PAGE NO.

1. INTRODUCTION

2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

3. MATERIALS AND METHODS

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

LITERATURE CITED

APPENDICES

VITA

ABSTRACTS
LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page No.

4.1 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit
retention of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.2 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit
cracking and sun burning of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.3 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on yield of
litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.4 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit and
seed size of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.5 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit
weight, volume and Specific gravity of litchi cv. Rose
Scented.
4.6 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on pulp, peel
and stone weight of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.7 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on pulp (%),
pulp: peel and pulp: stone ratios of litchi cv. Rose Scented
4.8 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on sugar
content of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.9 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on TSS,
titratable acidity (%), ascorbic acid and TSS: acid ratio of
Rose litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.10 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on
physiological loss in weight of litchi cv. Rose Scented at
ambient storage.
4.11 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on total
soluble solids (0B) level of Rose Scented litchi at ambient
storage.
4.12 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on acidity of
litchi cv. Rose Scented at ambient storage.
4.13 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on TSS: acid
level of litchi cv. Rose Scented at ambient storage.
4.14 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on Browning
index of Rose Scented litchi at ambient storage.
4.15 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on spoilage
(%) of Rose Scented litchi at ambient storage.
LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE NO.

4.1 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit
cracking of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.2 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on yield of
litchi cv. Rose. Scented.
4.3 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on fruit
weight of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.4 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on pulp
weight of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.5 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on pulp:
peel of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.6 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on sugar
content of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.7 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on TSS:
acid ratio of litchi cv. Rose Scented.
4.8 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals on
Physiological loss in weight of litchi cv. Rose Scented at
ambient storage.
4.9 Effect of spray different pre-harvest chemicals Effect of
pre-harvest sprayed chemicals on spoilage (%) of Rose
Scented litchi at ambient storage.
LIST OF PLATES

Plate No. TITLE Page No.

1 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of calcium
nitrate (0.5%) at ambient storage conditions.
2 Litchi fruits cv. Rose Scented with treatment of calcium nitrate
(0.5%) after 6 days at ambient storage conditions
3 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of calcium
chloride (0.5%) at ambient storage conditions
4 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of calcium
chloride (0.5%) after 6 days at ambient storage conditions.
5 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Boric acid
(0.1%) at ambient storage
6 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Boric acid
(0.1%) after 6 days at ambient temperature conditions.
7 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Salicylic
acid (50 µ mol l-1) at ambient conditions.
8 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Salicylic acid
(50 µ mol l-1) after 6 days at ambient storage conditions.
9 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Salicylic
acid (100 µ mol l-1) lit at ambient storage conditions.
10 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of Salicylic acid
(100 µ mol l-1) after 6 days at ambient storage conditions.
11 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of humic
acid (0.2%) at ambient conditions.
12 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of humic acid
(0.2%) after 6 days at ambient storage conditions.
13 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of humic
acid (0.4%) at ambient storage conditions.
14 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of humic acid
0.4% after 6 days at ambient storage conditions.
15 Fresh litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of control at
ambient storage conditions.
16 Litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits with treatment of control after 6
days at ambient storage conditions.
LIST OF NOMENCLATURE/SYMOBOLS

% : Per cent
0B : Degree brix
0C : Degree centigrade
CD : Critical difference
cm : Centimeter
e.g. : Example
et al. : Co-worker
Fig : Figure
g : Gram
cv. : Cultivar
i.e : That is
kg : Kilogram
mg : Milligram
No. : Number
SE : Standard error
TSS : Total Soluble Solids
pH : Puissance he hydrogen
/ : Per
SEm.± : Standard Error of Mean
RBD : Randomized Block Design