Theory and Design of Digital Communication Systems PDF
Preview Theory and Design of Digital Communication Systems
This page intentionally left blank Theory and Design of Digital Communication Systems Providingtheunderlyingprinciplesofdigitalcommunicationandthedesigntechniquesof real-worldsystems,thistextbookpreparesseniorundergraduateandgraduatestudentsfor the engineering practices required in industry. Covering the core concepts, including link analysis,modulation,demodulation,spreadspectrum,equalization,channelfadingeffects, andchannelcoding,itprovidesstep-by-stepmathematicalderivationstoaidunderstanding ofbackgroundmaterial.Inadditiontodescribingthebasictheory,theprinciplesofsystem and subsystem design are introduced, enabling students to visualize the intricate connec- tionsbetweensubsystemsandunderstandhoweachaspectofthedesignsupportstheoverall goal of achieving reliable communications. Throughout the book, theories are linked to practical applications with over 250 real-world examples, whilst 370 varied homework problems in three levels of difficulty enhance and extend the text material. With this textbook, students can understand how digital communication systems operate in the real world,learnhowtodesignsubsystems,andevaluateend-to-endperformancewitheaseand confidence. TriT.HaisaProfessorintheDepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineeringattheNaval PostgraduateSchool(NPS),Monterey,California,apositionhehasheldsince1989.Priorto joiningNPSheworkedatFairchildIndustriesandGTE,andwasanAssociateProfessorat VirginiaTechforfouryears.HeisanIEEEFellowwhohaswrittentwoprevioustextbooks, and his current research interests are in wireless communications and cyber warfare. Theory and Design of Digital Communication Systems TRI T. HA NavalPostgraduateSchool,Monterey,California cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore, SãoPaulo,Delhi,Dubai,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521761741 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2011 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2011 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Ha,TriT.,1949 Theoryanddesignofdigitalcommunicationsystems/TriT.Ha. p. cm. ISBN978-0-521-76174-1(hardback) 1. Digitalcommunications. I. Title. TK5103.7.H35 2011 384 dc22 2010024374 ISBN978-0-521-76174-1Hardback Additionalresourcesforthispublicationatwww.cambridge.org/9780521761741 CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Worldpeacemustdevelopfrominnerpeace.Peaceisnottheabsenceofviolence.Peace isthemanifestationofhumancompassion. 14thDalaiLamaofTibet(InscriptiononUnitedStatesCongressionalMedal) Contents Preface pagexvii Acknowledgements xix Listofsymbols xx Listofabbreviations xxx 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Briefoverview 1 1.2 Scope 3 1.3 Summary 8 Bibliography 9 2 Deterministicsignalanalysis 10 Introduction 10 2.1 Generaldescriptionofdeterministicsignals 10 Continuous-timesignals 11 Discrete-timesignals 11 Periodicandaperiodicsignals 12 Analoganddigitalsignals 13 2.2 Powerandenergy 16 2.3 Orthogonalsignals 21 2.4 Signalspace 27 Gram–Schmidtprocedure 27 Signalvectors 28 2.5 Lineartime-invariantsystems 34 2.6 Convolution 35 2.7 Fourierseriesofcontinuous-timeperiodicsignals 37 Parsevalrelationforperiodicsignals 39 Unitstepandunitimpulsefunctions 39 Powerspectraldensity 41 Bandwidth 41 Frequencyshiftingproperty 42 ResponseofanLTIsystemtoaperiodicsignal 45 2.8 Fouriertransformofcontinuous-timesignals 47 Frequencyshiftingproperty 50 Parsevalrelation 52 Fouriertransformofperiodicsignals 53 vii viii Contents ResponseofLTIsystems 53 TablesofFourierpropertiesandFouriertransformpairs 56 2.9 Autocorrelation 56 Autocorrelationandenergyspectraldensity 57 Autocorrelationandpowerspectraldensity 59 Outputautocorrelationandpowerspectraldensity 61 2.10 Sampling 62 Samplingtheorem 62 Impulse-trainsampling 63 Reconstructionwithanideallowpassfilter 64 2.11 Bandpasssignals 68 Representations 68 ResponseofanLTIbandpasssystem 70 2.12 Summary 72 Problems 73 Furtherreading 77 Bibliography 77 3 Randomsignalanalysis 78 Introduction 78 3.1 Reviewofprobabilitytheory 78 Totalprobabilitytheorem 79 Bayestheorem 79 Independence 79 Unionbound 79 3.2 Randomvariables 79 Bayestheoremandtotalprobabilityrevisited 81 3.3 Randomprocesses 82 Autocorrelationandautocovariance 82 Typesofrandomprocesses 85 Powerspectraldensity 92 3.4 Gaussianprocess 100 Lineartransformation 100 Sampling 102 SufficientstatisticsforsignalprocessinginwhiteGaussiannoise 103 Karhunen–Loeveexpansion 105 Whiteningfilter 106 Thecentrallimittheorem 108 3.5 Gaussian-derivedprocesses 108 RayleighandRiceprocesses 108 Squaredenvelope 111 SumofsquaredGaussianprocesses 112 Nakagami-mdensityfunction 113 Log-normaldensityfunction 114
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