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The Uralic Languages PDF

648 Pages·1998·25.617 MB·
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THEURALIC LANGUAGES Other works in the series The RomanceL anguages The Celtic Languages The SlavonicL anguages The GermanicL anguages The Indo-EuropeanL anguages The SemiticL anguages The DravidianL anguages Forthcoming works in the series The Turkic Languages THEURALIC LANGUAGES EDITED BY DanielA bondolo R O U T L E D G E LONDON AND NEW YORK First published1 998 by Routledge 2 Park Square,M ilton Park,A bingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN 270 MadisonA ve, New York NY 10016 Transferredt o Digital Printing 2006 © 1998 Routledge © 1998 Editorial matterD aniel Abondolo All rights reserved.N o part of this book may be reprintedo r reproducedo r utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,o r otherm eans,n ow known or hereafter invented,i ncluding photocopyinga nd recording,o r in any information storageo r retrieval system,w ithout permissioni n writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-PublicationD ata A cataloguer ecordf or this book is availablef rom the British Library Library of CongressC ataloging-in-PublicationD ata The Uralic languages/ editedb y Daniel Abondolo. (Routledgel anguagef amily descriptions) Includesb ibliographicalr eferencesa nd index. 1. Uralic languages. I. Abondolo, Daniel Mario II. Series. PH14.U67 1997 96-29898 494'.5-dc21 CIP ISBN 0-415-08198-X Publisher's Note The publisherh as gonet o greatl engthst o ensuret he quality of this reprint but points out that somei mperfectionsi n the original may be apparent Printed and bound by CPI Antony Rowe, Eastbourne Contents List of Figures vii List of Maps viii List of Tables IX List of Contributors xiii Preface xv Acknowledgments xxi List of Abbreviations xxii 1 Introduction 1 Daniel Abondolo 2 Saamic 43 PekkaS amma1lahti 3 Fennic 96 Tiit-Rein Viitso 4 Estonian 115 Tiit-Rein Viitso 5 Finnish 149 Daniel Abondolo 6 Mordva 184 GaborZaicz 7 Mari 219 EevaK angasmaa-Minn 8 Permian 249 Timothy Riese 9 Udmurt 276 SandorC sucs v vi CONTENTS 10 Komi 305 Anu-ReetH ausenberg 11 ObUgrian 327 Laszlo Honti 12 Khanty 358 Daniel Abondolo 13 Mansi 387 Laszlo Keresztes 14 Hungarian 428 Daniel Abondolo 15 Samoyedic 457 JuhaJanhunen 16 Nganasan 480 EugeneH elimski 17 Nenets 516 TapaniS alminen 18 Selkup 548 EugeneH elimski 19 Kamassian 580 PeterS imoncsics Index 602 List of Figures 3.1 Main historical groupingso f Fennic 101 3.2 North Fennici nnovations 103 4.1 Homomorphemicm onophthonga nd stop sequences 120 4.2 Monophthonga nd stop sequencecso nditionedb y the morphemeb oundary 121 4.3 StandardE stonianl ong monophthongsa nd diphthongs 122 4.4 Interrelationso f casef orms of weakenings tems 128 4.5 Interrelationso f casef orms of strengthenings tems 128 5.1 Finnish morphophonemeasn d operators 152 5.2 Finnish grammaticalc asem arking 158 7.1 WesternM ari palatala ttraction 223 8.1 Zyrian and Votyak vowel inventory (literary languages) 262 11.1 Mansi and Khanty dialectg roups 328 11.2 Proto-Ostyakp ersonalp ronounsa nd persons uffixes 343 12.1 SelectedK hanty dialecti soglosses 359 12.2 Trjffra Khanty demonstrativep ronouns 369 12.3 Trjffra Khanty indicative verb suffixes 373 12.4 Selectedv erbal persons uffixes in Trjffra Khanty 373 12.5 Trjffra Khanty primary imperatives uffix sequences 375 14.1 Hungarianc ases uffixes 440 14.2 Hungarianv erb persons uffixation: agglutinatinga nalogue 448 15.1 The conventionalt axonomyo fthe Samoyedicla nguages 459 15.2 An alternativet axonomyo f the Samoyedicla nguages 459 15.3 The proto-Samoyedicc onsonanpt aradigm 462 16.1 Generationo f allophones:s uffix of the renarrativem ood 489 18.1 Middle Taz Selkupv owels 552 18.2 Sandhii n Middle Taz Selkup 556 vii List ofM aps Uralie idioms of the Volga Bend xxv 11 11 Komi xxvi 111 ObUgrian xxvii iv Samoyedica nd ObUgrian( with Komi) xxviii 2.1 Varietieso f Saamie 51 3.1 Fennie:N orth/Southa ndE astlWestd ivisions 97 14.1 Hungariand ialects 429 viii List of Tables 1.1 Proto-Uralicc onsonanst ystem 12 1.2 SelectedU ralic postpositions' behind,i n backo f 24 2.1 Backgrounda ndd evelopmenot f the proto-Saami stressedv owels 55 2.2 Consonanpt honemeso f easternE nontekio 57 2.3 Absoluted eclension 64 2.4 Possessived eclension( guos'si 'guest') 65 2.5 Proto-Saampi ossessives uffix system 69 2.6 Samplep ronounp aradigms:' it', 'what', 'who' 70 2.7 Samplep ronounp aradigms:' you', 'someone' 71 2.8 Samplev erb paradigms 72 2.9 Samplen ounp hrasesi,l lustrating distribution of casea ndn umber 87 2.10 Noun phrasesw ith relative/interrogativep ronouns 88 3.1 Proto-Fennics hortm onophthongsa ndt heir reflexes 107 3.2 Proto-Fenniclo ng monophthongsa nd their reflexes 108 3.3 Proto-Fennicd iphthongsa ndt heir reflexes 108 4.1 Comparativea nd superlativeo f adjectives 130 4.2 Cardinaln umerals 131 4.3 Ordinal numerals 131 4.4 Personapl ronouns 132 4.5 Demonstrativep ronouns 134 4.6 Voice, mood, and tensem arkersi n finite forms 138 4.7 Infinite form markers 139 4.8 Samplev erb paradigm,i ndicative 140 4.9 Samplev erb paradigm,c onditional 141 4.10 Samplev erb paradigm,i mperative 141 4.11 Samplev erb paradigm,q uotativea ndj ussive 141 5.1 Finnishv owel phonemes 150 5.2 Finnishc onsonanpt honemes 152 5.3 Four-by-threem atrix of Finnishc ases 157 5.4 Subvariantso f Finnishn ominal inflection types 164 ix

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