The Uralic Languages

648 Pages·1998·25.617 MB·

by  Daniel Abondolo

THEURALIC
LANGUAGES
Other works in the series
The RomanceL anguages
The Celtic Languages
The SlavonicL anguages
The GermanicL anguages
The Indo-EuropeanL anguages
The SemiticL anguages
The DravidianL anguages
Forthcoming works in the series
The Turkic Languages
THEURALIC
LANGUAGES
EDITED BY
DanielA bondolo
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LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published1 998
by Routledge
2 Park Square,M ilton Park,A bingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
270 MadisonA ve, New York NY 10016
Transferredt o Digital Printing 2006
© 1998 Routledge
© 1998 Editorial matterD aniel Abondolo
All rights reserved.N o part of this book may be reprintedo r
reproducedo r utilized in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical,o r otherm eans,n ow known or hereafter
invented,i ncluding photocopyinga nd recording,o r in any
information storageo r retrieval system,w ithout permissioni n
writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing-in-PublicationD ata
A cataloguer ecordf or this book is availablef rom the British Library
Library of CongressC ataloging-in-PublicationD ata
The Uralic languages/ editedb y Daniel Abondolo.
(Routledgel anguagef amily descriptions)
Includesb ibliographicalr eferencesa nd index.
1. Uralic languages. I. Abondolo, Daniel Mario II. Series.
PH14.U67 1997 96-29898
494'.5-dc21 CIP
ISBN 0-415-08198-X
Publisher's Note
The publisherh as gonet o greatl engthst o ensuret he quality of this
reprint but points out that somei mperfectionsi n the original may be apparent
Printed and bound by CPI Antony Rowe, Eastbourne
Contents
List of Figures vii
List of Maps viii
List of Tables IX
List of Contributors xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xxi
List of Abbreviations xxii
1 Introduction 1
Daniel Abondolo
2 Saamic 43
PekkaS amma1lahti
3 Fennic 96
Tiit-Rein Viitso
4 Estonian 115
Tiit-Rein Viitso
5 Finnish 149
Daniel Abondolo
6 Mordva 184
GaborZaicz
7 Mari 219
EevaK angasmaa-Minn
8 Permian 249
Timothy Riese
9 Udmurt 276
SandorC sucs
v
vi CONTENTS
10 Komi 305
Anu-ReetH ausenberg
11 ObUgrian 327
Laszlo Honti
12 Khanty 358
Daniel Abondolo
13 Mansi 387
Laszlo Keresztes
14 Hungarian 428
Daniel Abondolo
15 Samoyedic 457
JuhaJanhunen
16 Nganasan 480
EugeneH elimski
17 Nenets 516
TapaniS alminen
18 Selkup 548
EugeneH elimski
19 Kamassian 580
PeterS imoncsics
Index 602
List of Figures
3.1 Main historical groupingso f Fennic 101
3.2 North Fennici nnovations 103
4.1 Homomorphemicm onophthonga nd stop sequences 120
4.2 Monophthonga nd stop sequencecso nditionedb y
the morphemeb oundary 121
4.3 StandardE stonianl ong monophthongsa nd
diphthongs 122
4.4 Interrelationso f casef orms of weakenings tems 128
4.5 Interrelationso f casef orms of strengthenings tems 128
5.1 Finnish morphophonemeasn d operators 152
5.2 Finnish grammaticalc asem arking 158
7.1 WesternM ari palatala ttraction 223
8.1 Zyrian and Votyak vowel inventory (literary
languages) 262
11.1 Mansi and Khanty dialectg roups 328
11.2 Proto-Ostyakp ersonalp ronounsa nd persons uffixes 343
12.1 SelectedK hanty dialecti soglosses 359
12.2 Trjffra Khanty demonstrativep ronouns 369
12.3 Trjffra Khanty indicative verb suffixes 373
12.4 Selectedv erbal persons uffixes in Trjffra Khanty 373
12.5 Trjffra Khanty primary imperatives uffix sequences 375
14.1 Hungarianc ases uffixes 440
14.2 Hungarianv erb persons uffixation: agglutinatinga nalogue 448
15.1 The conventionalt axonomyo fthe Samoyedicla nguages 459
15.2 An alternativet axonomyo f the Samoyedicla nguages 459
15.3 The proto-Samoyedicc onsonanpt aradigm 462
16.1 Generationo f allophones:s uffix of the renarrativem ood 489
18.1 Middle Taz Selkupv owels 552
18.2 Sandhii n Middle Taz Selkup 556
vii
List ofM aps
Uralie idioms of the Volga Bend xxv
11
11 Komi xxvi
111 ObUgrian xxvii
iv Samoyedica nd ObUgrian( with Komi) xxviii
2.1 Varietieso f Saamie 51
3.1 Fennie:N orth/Southa ndE astlWestd ivisions 97
14.1 Hungariand ialects 429
viii
List of Tables
1.1 Proto-Uralicc onsonanst ystem 12
1.2 SelectedU ralic postpositions' behind,i n backo f 24
2.1 Backgrounda ndd evelopmenot f the proto-Saami
stressedv owels 55
2.2 Consonanpt honemeso f easternE nontekio 57
2.3 Absoluted eclension 64
2.4 Possessived eclension( guos'si 'guest') 65
2.5 Proto-Saampi ossessives uffix system 69
2.6 Samplep ronounp aradigms:' it', 'what', 'who' 70
2.7 Samplep ronounp aradigms:' you', 'someone' 71
2.8 Samplev erb paradigms 72
2.9 Samplen ounp hrasesi,l lustrating distribution of
casea ndn umber 87
2.10 Noun phrasesw ith relative/interrogativep ronouns 88
3.1 Proto-Fennics hortm onophthongsa ndt heir reflexes 107
3.2 Proto-Fenniclo ng monophthongsa nd their reflexes 108
3.3 Proto-Fennicd iphthongsa ndt heir reflexes 108
4.1 Comparativea nd superlativeo f adjectives 130
4.2 Cardinaln umerals 131
4.3 Ordinal numerals 131
4.4 Personapl ronouns 132
4.5 Demonstrativep ronouns 134
4.6 Voice, mood, and tensem arkersi n finite forms 138
4.7 Infinite form markers 139
4.8 Samplev erb paradigm,i ndicative 140
4.9 Samplev erb paradigm,c onditional 141
4.10 Samplev erb paradigm,i mperative 141
4.11 Samplev erb paradigm,q uotativea ndj ussive 141
5.1 Finnishv owel phonemes 150
5.2 Finnishc onsonanpt honemes 152
5.3 Four-by-threem atrix of Finnishc ases 157
5.4 Subvariantso f Finnishn ominal inflection types 164
ix