The Soybean: Botany, Production and Uses

507 Pages·2010·3.16 MB·English

by  Guriqbal Singh

The Soybean
Botany, Production and Uses
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The Soybean
Botany, Production and Uses
Edited by
Guriqbal Singh
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana, India
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© CAB International 2010. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The soybean : botany, production and uses / edited by Guriqbal Singh
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84593-644-0 (alk. paper)
1. Soybean. 2. Soybean–Processing. 3. Soybean products. I. Singh, Guriqbal,
agronomist II. Title.
SB205.S7S534 2010
633.3'4–dc22
2010004392
ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 644 0
Commissioning editor: Meredith Carroll
Production editor: Fiona Chippendale
Typeset by AMA DataSet Ltd, UK.
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Antony Rowe.
Contents
About the Editor vii
Contributors viii
Preface xi
PART I: HISTORY AND IMPORTANCE
1. The Origin and History of Soybean 1
Li-Juan Qiu and Ru-Zhen Chang
2. The Role of Soybean in Agriculture 24
Guriqbal Singh and B.G. Shivakumar
PART II: BOTANY, GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY
3. Soybean Growth and Development 48
Saratha Kumudini
4. Soybean Genetic Resources 74
S.K. Mishra and V.D. Verma
5. Varietal Improvement in Soybean 92
Dilip R. Panthee
6. Soybean Yield Physiology: Principles and Processes of Yield Production 113
Dennis B. Egli
PART III: PRODUCTION
7. Agro-techniques for Soybean Production 142
Guriqbal Singh, Hari Ram and Navneet Aggarwal
v
vi Contents
8. Nutrient Management in Soybean 161
A. Subba Rao and K. Sammi Reddy
9. Water Management in Soybean 191
Guriqbal Singh
10. Weed Management in Soybean 209
J.S. Mishra
11. Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean 227
David L. McNeil
12. Storage of Soybean 247
Prabal K. Ghosh and Digvir S. Jayas
PART IV: PROTECTION
13. Diseases of Soybean and Their Management 276
Glen L. Hartman and Curtis B. Hill
14. Insect Pests of Soybean and Their Management 300
Matthew E. O’Neal and Kevin D. Johnson
15. Nematodes of Soybean and Their Management 325
Edward O. Oyekanmi and B. Fawole
PART V: UTILIZATION

16. Soybean Processing and Utilization 345
Nawab Ali
17. Nutritional Value of Soybean 375
Vineet Kumar, Anita Rani and G.S. Chauhan
18. Uses of Soybean: Products and Preparation 404
Rita S. Raghuvanshi and Kavita Bisht
19. Vegetable Soybean 427
S. Shanmugasundaram and Miao-Rong Yan
PART VI: MARKETING AND TRADE
20. Global Soybean Marketing and Trade: a Situation and Outlook Analysis 461
Jonas N. Chianu, Edilegnaw W. Zegeye and Ephraim M. Nkonya
Index 485
About the Editor
Dr Guriqbal Singh is currently working as a Senior Agronomist (Pulses) (equivalent to
Professor) in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University,
Ludhiana, India. He received his BSc Agri. (Hons) and MSc Agronomy degrees from the Pun-
jab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, where he was a scholarship holder. He received
his PhD from the University of Wales, Bangor, UK, on a Commonwealth Scholarship, where he
studied the effects of herbicides on biological nitrogen fi xation in peas (Pisum sativum).
During 2005–2006 Dr Singh worked with the International Centre for Agricultural
Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) at its Regional Offi ce for Central Asia and the Caucasus,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Here, he worked as the Technical Coordinator for an Asian Develop-
ment Bank-funded project on ‘Improving rural livelihoods through effi cient water and soil
fertility management in Central Asia’.
He has approximately 20 years’ experience in working on various grain legumes at the
Punjab Agricultural University. His main areas of research include conservation agriculture,
planting method and planting time, weed management, nutrient management, plant popula-
tion and planting geometry and water management. He has provided very useful recommen-
dations to farmers for raising the productivity of their grain legume crops and reducing the
costs of cultivation. He is actively involved in teaching agronomy courses to students, as well
as in extension education programmes for farmers.
Dr Singh has published 68 research articles in journals of national and international repute,
47 abstracts in conference proceedings, 70 extension articles, 10 book chapters and three bul-
letins. He is a senior editor of two books, Recent Advances in Agronomy (2002) and Pulses (2005).
He has participated in approximately 20 national and international conferences and work-
shops. He is a life member of many professional societies, such as the Indian Society of Pulses
Research and Development, the Indian Society of Agronomy, the Indian Society of Soybean
Research and Development, the Indian Society of Weed Science and the Indian Ecological
Society. He is also a Fellow of the Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development.
In 1998 Dr. Singh was awarded the Dr P.S. Deshmukh Young Agronomist Award by the
Indian Society of Agronomy for his signifi cant research contributions. In 2009 he was honoured
by the Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development (ISPRD) with the ISPRD Recogni-
tion Award for Crop Production for his outstanding contributions in pulses agronomy.
vii
Contributors
Mr Navneet Aggarwal, Assistant Agronomist (Pulses), Department of Plant Breeding
and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India. E-mail:
[email protected]
Dr Nawab Ali, Ex-Deputy Director General (Engineering), Indian Council of Agricultural
Research, KAB-II, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India. Present address: House Number SDX-40,
Minal Residency, JK Road, Bhopal 462 023, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Kavita Bisht, Lecturer, SAP Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Kichha, 263148 (Kumaon University,
Nainital), India. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor Ru-Zhen Chang, Professor, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and
Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Lab of Germplasm Utilization (MOA), Institute of Crop
Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China. E-mail:
[email protected]
Dr G.S. Chauhan, Ex-Director, Directorate of Soybean Research, Khandwa Road, Indore
452017, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Jonas N. Chianu, Principal Agricultural Economist, Agriculture 2 Division (OSAN.2),
Agriculture & Agro Industry Department (OSAN), African Development Bank, Agence
Temporaire de Relocalisation, 15 Avenue du Ghana, Angle Rues Hedi Nouira & Pierre de
Coubertin, B.P. 323 Tunis, 1002 Tunis Belvedere, Tunisia. E-mail: [email protected],
[email protected]
Dr Dennis B. Egli, Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky,
1405 Veterans Drive, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor B. Fawole, Professor of Nematology, Crop Protection and Environmental Biology
Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Prabal K. Ghosh, Senior Scientist, Food Development Centre, 810 Phillips Street, Portage la
Prairie, Manitoba, Canada, R1N 3J9. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Glen L. Hartman, Research Plant Pathologist, USDA Agricultural Research Service, and
Professor, Department of Crop Sciences, National Soybean Research Center, University of
Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Mr Curtis B. Hill, Principal Research Specialist, Department of Crop Sciences, National Soybean
Research Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
viii
Contributors ix
Dr Digvir S. Jayas, Vice-President (Research) and Distinguished Professor, Department of Bio-
systems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 5V6.
E-mail: [email protected]
Mr Kevin D. Johnson, Doctorial Candidate, Department of Entomology, Iowa State Univer-
sity, 117 Insectary, Ames, IA 50011, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Vineet Kumar, Senior Scientist, Biochemistry (Plant Sciences), Directorate of Soybean
Research, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail: vineetksahni@
yahoo.com
Dr Saratha Kumudini, Assistant Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University
of Kentucky, 1405 Veterans Drive, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA. E-mail: s.kumudini@
uky.edu
Professor David L. McNeil, Director, Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research, Chair of Agri-
cultural Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, 7001, Tasmania, Australia.
E-mail: [email protected]
Dr J.S. Mishra, Principal Scientist (Agronomy), Directorate of Sorghum Research, Rajendra-
nagar, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr S.K. Mishra, Head, Germplasm Evaluation Division, National Bureau of Plant Genetic
Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Ephraim M. Nkonya, Senior Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI), Washington, DC, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Matthew E. O’Neal, Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Iowa State University,
117 Insectary, Ames, IA 50011, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Edward O. Oyekanmi, Research Fellow-Nematologist, Nematology Unit, International
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria; Crop Protection and Environ-
mental Biology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan,
Ibadan, Nigeria; and Biological Sciences Department, Wesley University of Science and
Technology, Ondo, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Dr Dilip R. Panthee, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina
State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, Mills River,
NC 28759, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Li-Juan Qiu, Professor, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic
Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Lab of Germplasm Utilization (MOA), Institute of Crop
Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, PR China. E-mail:
[email protected]
Dr Rita S. Raghuvanshi, Dean, College of Home Science, GB Pant University of Agriculture
and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, Uttarakhand, India. E-mail: rita_raghuvanshi@yahoo.
com, [email protected]
Dr Hari Ram, Wheat Agronomist, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agri-
cultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Anita Rani, Principal Scientist (Plant Breeding), Directorate of Soybean Research, Khandwa
Road, Indore 452017, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr K. Sammi Reddy, Senior Scientist, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road,
Bhopal 462038, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr S. Shanmugasundaram, Agricultural Consultant and Ex-Deputy Director General Research,
AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center. Present address: 27 Bayard Road, Somerset, NJ 08873,
USA. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr B.G. Shivakumar, Senior Scientist, Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research
Institute, New Delhi 110012, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Dr Guriqbal Singh, Senior Agronomist (Pulses), Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pun-
jab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India. E-mail: [email protected]