Table Of ContentThe SAGE Handbook of
Applied Memory
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Editorial Board
Alan Baddeley (University of York, UK)
Bob Bjork (University of California, Los Angeles, USA)
Neil Brewer (Flinders University, Australia)
Fergus Craik (Rotman Institute, Canada)
Ron Fisher (Florida International University, USA)
Asher Koriat (University of Haifa, Israel)
Neil Macrae (University of Aberdeen, UK)
Roddy Roediger (Washington University in St. Louis, USA)
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The SAGE Handbook of
Applied Memory
Edited by
Timothy J. Perfect and
D. Stephen Lindsay
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Editorial arrangement and Preface © Timothy J. Perfect and
D. Stephen Lindsay 2014
Chapter 1 © Bennett L. Schwartz 2014
Chapter 2 © Neil W. Mulligan 2014
Chapter 3 © Gilles O. Einstein and Mark A. McDaniel 2014
Chapter 4 © D. Stephen Lindsay 2014
Chapter 5 © Douglas H. Wedell and Adam T. Hutcheson 2014
Chapter 6 © Jackie Andrade 2014
SAGE Publications Ltd
Chapter 7 © Eryn J. Newman and Maryanne Garry 2014
1 Oliver’s Yard Chapter 8 © Colleen M. Kelley 2014
55 City Road Chapter 9 © Klaus Fiedler and Mandy Hütter 2014
London EC1Y 1SP Chapter 10 © Steven M. Smith 2014
Chapter 11 © Kathleen B. McDermott, Kathleen M. Arnold,
and Steven M. Nelson 2014
SAGE Publications Inc. Chapter 12 © Eli Vakil 2014
2455 Teller Road Chapter 13 © Robyn Fivush and Theodore E. A. Waters 2014
Chapter 14 © Michael Ross and Emily Schryer 2014
Thousand Oaks, California 91320
Chapter 15 © Stanley B. Klein and Christopher R. Nelson 2014
Chapter 16 © William Hirst, Alin Coman, and Dora Coman 2014
SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd Chapter 17 © Natalie A. Wyer 2014
Chapter 18 © Geoffrey Haddock 2014
B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area
Chapter 19 © Shanker Krishnan and Lura Forcum 2014
Mathura Road Chapter 20 © Sean M. Lane and Tanya Karam-Zanders 2014
New Delhi 110 044 Chapter 21 © Robert F. Belli 2014
Chapter 22 © Colin M. MacLeod, Tanya R. Jonker, and
Greta James 2014
SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd Chapter 23 © K. Anders Ericsson and Jerad H. Moxley 2014
3 Church Street Chapter 24 © Christopher Hertzog and Ann Pearman 2014
# 10-04 Samsung Hub Chapter 25 © John Dunlosky and Sarah K. Tauber 2014
Chapter 26 © Janet Metcalfe 2014
Singapore 049483
Chapter 27 © Morris Goldsmith, Ainat Pansky, and
Asher Koriat 2014
Editor: Michael Carmichael Chapter 28 © Dorthe Berntsen and Lynn A.Watson 2014
Chapter 29 © Chris J.A. Moulin and Celine Souchay 2014
Assistant editor: Keri Dickens
Chapter 30 © Pär Anders Granhag, Karl Ask, and
Production manager: Cenveo Publisher Services Erik Mac Giolla 2014
Marketing manager: Alison Borg Chapter 31 © Ronald P. Fisher, Nadja Schreiber Compo,
Cover design: Wendy Scott Jillian Rivard, and Dana Hirn 2014
Chapter 32 © Tim Valentine 2014
Typeset by: Cenveo Publisher Services
Chapter 33 © Scott D. Gronlund and Curt A. Carlson 2014
Printed in Great Britain by Henry Ling Limited, Chapter 34 © Amy Bradfield Douglass and Lorena Bustamante
at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, DT1 1HD 2014
Chapter 35 © Gabrielle F. Principe, Andrea Follmer Greenhoot,
and Stephen J. Ceci 2014
Chapter 36 © James C. Bartlett 2014
Chapter 37 © Aldert Vrij 2014
© First published 2014
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of
research or private study, or criticism or review, as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents
Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored
or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with
the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in
the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance
with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright
Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction
outside those terms should be sent to the publishers.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013938425
British Library Cataloguing in Publication data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the
British Library
ISBN 978-1-4462-0842-7
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Contents
Notes on Editors and Contributors viii
Preface xx
SECTION 1 EVERYDAY MEMORY 1
1 Memory for People: Integration of Face, Voice, Name, and
Biographical Information 3
Bennett L. Schwartz
2 Memory for Pictures and Actions 20
Neil W. Mulligan
3 Prospective Memory and Aging: When It Becomes Difficult
and What You Can Do About It 37
Gilles O. Einstein and Mark A. McDaniel
4 Memory Source Monitoring Applied 59
D. Stephen Lindsay
5 Spatial Memory: From Theory to Application 76
Douglas H. Wedell and Adam T. Hutcheson
6 Working Memory Beyond the Laboratory 92
Jackie Andrade
7 False Memory 110
Eryn J. Newman and Maryanne Garry
8 Forgetting 127
Colleen M. Kelley
9 Memory and Emotion 145
Klaus Fiedler and Mandy Hütter
10 Effects of Environmental Context on Human Memory 162
Steven M. Smith
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vi CONTENTS
11 The Testing Effect 183
Kathleen B. McDermott, Kathleen M. Arnold, and Steven M. Nelson
12 Breakdowns in Everyday Memory Functioning Following
Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) 201
Eli Vakil
SECTION 2 SOCIAL AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN MEMORY 219
13 Sociocultural and Functional Approaches to Autobiographical Memory 221
Robyn Fivush and Theodore E. A. Waters
14 What Everyone Knows About Aging and Remembering Ain’t Necessarily So 239
Michael Ross and Emily Schryer
15 The Effects of Self-Reference on Memory: A Conceptual and
Methodological Review of Inferences Warranted by the Self-Reference Effect 256
Stanley B. Klein and Christopher R. Nelson
16 Putting the Social Back into Human Memory 273
William Hirst, Alin Coman, and Dora Coman
17 When I Think of You: Memory for Persons and Groups 292
Natalie A. Wyer
18 Memory, Attitudes, and Persuasion 312
Geoffrey Haddock
19 Consumer Memory Dynamics: Effects of Branding and Advertising
on Formation, Stability, and Use of Consumer Memory 329
Shanker Krishnan and Lura Forcum
20 What Do Lay People Believe about Memory? 348
Sean M. Lane and Tanya Karam-Zanders
21 Autobiographical Memory Dynamics in Survey Research 366
Robert F. Belli
22 Individual Differences in Remembering 385
Colin M. MacLeod, Tanya R. Jonker, and Greta James
23 Experts’ Superior Memory: From Accumulation of Chunks to Building
Memory Skills that Mediate Improved Performance and Learning 404
K. Anders Ericsson and Jerad H. Moxley
SECTION 3 SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE OF MEMORY 421
24 Memory Complaints in Adulthood and Old Age 423
Christopher Hertzog and Ann Pearman
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CONTENTS vii
25 Understanding People’s Metacognitive Judgments:
An Isomechanism Framework and Its Implications for Applied
and Theoretical Research 444
John Dunlosky and Sarah K. Tauber
26 Metacognitive Control of Study 465
Janet Metcalfe
27 Metacognitive Control of Memory Reporting 481
Morris Goldsmith, Ainat Pansky, and Asher Koriat
28 Involuntary Autobiographical Memories in Daily Life and in
Clinical Disorders 501
Dorthe Berntsen and Lynn A.Watson
29 Epistemic Feelings and Memory 520
Chris J. A. Moulin and Celine Souchay
SECTION 4 EYEWITNESS MEMORY 539
30 Eyewitness Recall: An Overview of Estimator-Based Research 541
Pär Anders Granhag, Karl Ask, and Erik Mac Giolla
31 Interviewing Witnesses 559
Ronald P. Fisher, Nadja Schreiber Compo, Jillian Rivard, and Dana Hirn
32 Estimating the Reliability of Eyewitness Identification 579
Tim Valentine
33 System-based Research on Eyewitness Identification 595
Scott D. Gronlund and Curt A. Carlson
34 Social Influences on Eyewitness Memory 614
Amy Bradfield Douglass and Lorena Bustamante
35 Young Children’s Eyewitness Memory 633
Gabrielle F. Principe, Andrea Follmer Greenhoot, and Stephen J. Ceci
36 The Older Eyewitness 654
James C. Bartlett
37 Eliciting Verbal and Nonverbal Cues to Deceit by Outsmarting the Liars 675
Aldert Vrij
Name Index 695
Subject Index 709
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Notes on Editors and Contributors
EDITORS
Timothy Perfect is Professor of Experimental Psychology at Plymouth University. He received
his Ph.D. from the University of Manchester in 1989, and worked at Liverpool and Bristol
Universities before joining Plymouth University in 1999. His research focuses on theory and
application in long-term memory. He has been on the editorial boards of Memory, and Applied
Cognitive Psychology, and is on the governing boards of the Society for Applied Research in
Memory and Cognition, and the Experimental Psychology Society. Prior to taking on this
volume he has co-edited three other books: Models of Cognitive Aging, Applied Metacognition,
and The Handbook of Applied Cognition, 2nd edition. He is clearly a glutton for punishment.
D. Stephen (Steve) Lindsay is Professor of Psychology at the University of Victoria, British
Columbia, Canada. He received a BA from Reed College in 1981 and a Ph.D. from Princeton
University in 1987. Most of his research explores the cognitive processes by which individuals
attribute thoughts, images, and feelings to particular sources (e.g., memory, knowledge, infer-
ence). He served as Editor of Journal of Experimental Psychology: General from 2002 to 2007,
and recently began a term as an Associate Editor of Psychological Science. Prior to co-editing
this volume, he co-edited two other books on human memory. He is also a glutton (ambiguity
intended).
CONTRIBUTORS
Jackie Andrade was educated in the UK at Cambridge and Manchester. She worked with Alan
Baddeley at the MRC Applied Psychology Unit in Cambridge, followed by 12 years at the
University of Sheffield. She has been Professor of Psychology at Plymouth University since
2007. Her approach to research is to develop psychological theories that help solve real-world
problems, including drug and food craving, trauma memory, dental anxiety, and awareness in
anaesthesia. Her current focus is the role of working memory and imagery in motivation. She
co-authored Instant Notes in Cognitive Psychology, and edited Working Memory in Perspective
and Memory: Critical Concepts in Psychology.
Kathleen Arnold is a postdoctoral associate in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
at Duke University. She received her Ph.D. from Washington University in St. Louis in 2013.
Her research interests center around human memory and learning with a special interest in test-
potentiated learning, or the effects of retrieval on future encoding.
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NOTES ON EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ix
Karl Ask is Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and
is one of the founding members of the research unit for Criminal, Legal, and Investigative
Psychology (CLIP). He received his Ph.D. in 2006. His research interests include witness psy-
chology, investigative psychology, emotion, social cognition, and the processes of credibility
judgments and guilt attributions. He is frequently involved in the education of police officers
and other legal professions on various topics in legal psychology.
James C. Bartlett received his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1975 and has spent most of his
career at the School for Behavioral and Brain Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas.
There he has served as Professor and in several administrative and leadership roles including
Associate Dean of the School of Human Development, Dean of Graduate Studies and Research,
Speaker of the Faculty, and Chair of the University of Texas System Faculty Advisory Council.
He currently directs the UT Dallas doctoral program in Cognition and Neuroscience. A fellow
of the Association for Psychological Science and the UT Dallas Center for Vital Longevity, his
research projects address the factors of age, expertise, and individual differences in perception
and memory for complex objects, patterns, and events including faces, visual scenes, melodies,
and chessboard displays.
Robert F. Belli is Director of the Survey Research and Methodology Program, and Professor
of Psychology, at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. He received his Ph.D. from the
University of New Hampshire in 1987. Belli’s research interests focus on autobiographical and
eyewitness memory, and the quality of retrospective reports in surveys, having authored scores
of articles on these topics. He served as North American Editor of the journal Applied Cognitive
Psychology from 2004–2009. Belli is co-editor of Calendar and Time Diary Methods in Life
Course Research, and editor of True and False Recovered Memories: Toward a Reconciliation
of the Debate.
Dorthe Berntsen is a Professor of Psychology at Aarhus University in Denmark. She received
her education and training, including her Ph.D., from the Aarhus University. Her research
focuses on autobiographical memory. Her work in autobiographical memory covers research
on traumatic memories, involuntary (spontaneously arising) memories, and cultural life scripts,
which are culturally shared expectations about the order and timing of life events in a proto-
typical life course. Recently, she has studied the interplay between memories for the past and
images of possible events in the personal future. She is the leader of Center on Autobiographical
Memory Research [CON AMORE], which is a Center of Excellence funded by the Danish
National Research Foundation.
Lorena Bustamante attended Bates College where she majored in Psychology with a focus on
social psychology. During her senior year, she completed a year-long thesis analyzing the
interactions between investigators and eyewitnesses during investigative sessions. Bustamante
presented her preliminary thesis findings and implications at the annual AP-LS conference in
San Juan, Puerto Rico. She currently lives in Boston and works at an internal strategy consult-
ing group.
Curt A. Carlson has been Assistant Professor at Texas A&M University – Commerce since
graduating with his Ph.D. (cognitive psychology) from the University of Oklahoma in 2008.
His M.S. in psychology also is from OU, and his B.S. in psychology is from the University of
Nebraska–Lincoln. His approach to research involves taking methods, empirical findings, and
theoretical perspectives from the basic research literature and using them to answer significant
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