The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics

515 Pages·2014·3.402 MB·English

by  Darrel Moellendorf, Heather Widdows

ROUTLEDGE ROUTLEDGE
HANDBOOKS HANDBOOKS
Global ethics focuses on the most pressing contemporary ethical issues Chris Armstrong ET
Richard J. Arneson dh
– poverty, global trade, terrorism, torture, pollution, climate change and Barrie Axford ite
the management of scarce resources. It draws on moral and political Christian Barry e
R
Alex J. Bellamy d
philosophy, political and social science, empirical research, and real- Andrew Brennan o
world policy and activism. The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics Gillian Brock bu
yt
is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and Roger Brownsword le
debates in this exciting subject, presenting an authoritative overview of Alastair V. Campbell Dd
Simon Caney a
g
the most significant issues and ideas in global ethics. The 31 chapters by Ruth Chadwick r
re
a team of international contributors are structured into six key parts: Julian Culp e
Nigel Dower l H
Sarah Fine Ma
• normative theory Rainer Forst on
• conflict and violence Hille Haker ed
• poverty and development BNenicjaomlei nH aSs. sHoaulne llebo
• economic justice Virginia Held no
• bioethics and health justice Nien-hê Hsieh dk
• environment and climate ethics. Meena KriPshentearm Juornthesy orf of
Douglas P. Lackey a G
Covering the theoretical and practical aspects of global ethics as well as Norva Y. S. Lo n
policy, The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics provides a benchmark Graham Long dlo
Hennie Lötter b
for the study of global ethics to date, as well as outlining future Darrel Moellendorf Ha
developments. It will prove an invaluable reference for policy-makers, Tim Mulgan el
Julia O’Connell Davidson aE
and is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy, Alan O’Connor thth
international relations, political science, environmental and development John O’Neill eic
studies and human rights law. Brian Orend r s
Andrea Sangiovanni W
Udo Schüklenk
Darrel Moellendorf is Professor of International Political Theory and Henry Shue id
Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. Ricardo Smalling d
Teck Chuan Voo o
Florian Wettstein w
Heather Widdows is Professor of Global Ethics and Director of the Heather Widdows
s
Centre for the Study of Global Ethics at the University of Birmingham, UK. Scott Wisor
PHILOSOPHY / POLITICS / INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Cover image: © Mike_kiev | Dreamstime.com
The Routledge Handbook
of Global Ethics
www.routledge.com
Edited by Darrel Moellendorf and Heather Widdows
Routledge titles are available as eBook editions in a range of digital formats
THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK
OF GLOBAL ETHICS
Global ethics focuses on the most pressing contemporary ethical issues – poverty, global trade,
terrorism, torture, pollution, climate change and the management of scarce resources. It draws
onmoralandpoliticalphilosophy,politicalandsocialscience,empiricalresearch,andrealworld
policyandactivism.TheRoutledgeHandbookofGlobalEthicsbringstogetherleadinginternational
scholarstopresentconciseandauthoritativeoverviewsofthemostsignificantissuesandideasin
global ethics. The chapters are structured into six key parts:
(cid:1) normative theory
(cid:1) conflict and violence
(cid:1) poverty and development
(cid:1) economic justice
(cid:1) bioethics and health justice
(cid:1) environment and climate ethics.
Covering the theoretical and practical aspects of global ethics as well as policy, the Handbook
provides a benchmark for the study of global ethics to date, as well as outlining future devel-
opments.Itwillproveaninvaluablereferenceforpolicy-makersandforstudentsandscholarsin
philosophy, international relations, political science, environmental and development studies
and human rights law.
Darrel Moellendorf is Professor of International Political Theory at Goethe University,
Frankfurt.
Heather Widdows is Professor of Global Ethics and Director of the Centre for the Study of
Global Ethics at the University of Birmingham.
Routledge Handbooks in Applied Ethics
Appliedethicsisoneofthelargestandmostdiversefieldsinphilosophyandiscloselyrelatedto
manyotherdisciplinesacrossthehumanities,sciencesandsocialsciences.RoutledgeHandbooksin
Applied Ethics are state-of-the-art surveys of important and emerging topics in applied ethics,
providing accessible yet thorough assessments of key fields, themes, thinkers and recent devel-
opments in research.
All chapters for each volume are specially commissioned, and written by leading scholars in
the field. Carefully edited and organized, Routledge Handbooks in Applied Ethics provide indis-
pensable reference tools for students and researchers seeking a comprehensive overview of new
and exciting topics in applied ethics and related disciplines. They are also valuable teaching
resources as accompaniments to textbooks, anthologies, and research-oriented publications.
The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics
Edited by Darrel Moellendorf and Heather Widdows
Forthcoming:
The Routledge Handbook of Food Ethics
Edited by Mary Rawlinson
THE ROUTLEDGE
HANDBOOK OF
GLOBAL ETHICS
Edited by Darrel Moellendorf and Heather Widdows
Firstpublished2015
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CONTENTS
Contributors viii
1 Introduction 1
Darrel Moellendorf and Heather Widdows
2 The trends and tendencies of global integration 4
Barrie Axford
PARTI
Normative theory 19
3 Ethical theory and global challenges 24
Ruth Chadwick and Alan O’Connor
4 Theories, types and bounds of justice 35
Richard J. Arneson
5 Gender, care and global values 49
Virginia Held
6 Cosmopolitanism and its critics 61
Gillian Brock
7 Human rights 72
Rainer Forst
8 Universalism, relativism and difference 82
Peter Jones and Graham Long
v
Contents
PARTII
Conflict and violence 95
9 War and terrorism 98
Brian Orend
10 Torture 113
Henry Shue
11 Humanitarian intervention 127
Alex J. Bellamy
12 Nuclear weapons and containment 141
Douglas P. Lackey
PARTIII
Poverty and development 153
13 Poverty 158
Hennie Lötter
14 Development 170
Julian Culp
15 Aid and charity 182
Nigel Dower
16 Immigration 193
Sarah Fine and Andrea Sangiovanni
PARTIV
Economic justice 211
17 International trade 216
Christian Barry and Scott Wisor
18 International financial institutions 230
Meena Krishnamurthy
19 Corporate social responsibility and multinational corporations 251
Nien-hê Hsieh and Florian Wettstein
20 Consumption and non-consumption 267
Nicole Hassoun
vi
Contents
21 Prostitution and trafficking for sexual labour 279
Julia O’Connell Davidson
22 Distributive institutions 292
Chris Armstrong
PARTV
Bioethics and health justice 303
23 Research ethics 307
Udo Schüklenk and Ricardo Smalling
24 Trade in human body parts 321
Teck Chuan Voo and Alastair V. Campbell
25 Reproductive rights and reproductive technologies 340
Hille Haker
26 Patents and intellectual property rights 354
Roger Brownsword
PARTVI
Environmental and climate ethics 369
27 Climate change 372
Simon Caney
28 Pollution 387
Benjamin S. Hale
29 Sustainability 401
John O’Neill
30 Biodiversity 416
Andrew Brennan and Norva Y. S. Lo
31 Population 428
Tim Mulgan
Bibliography 440
Index 484
vii
CONTRIBUTORS
ChrisArmstrongisProfessorofPoliticalTheoryattheUniversityofSouthampton,wherehis
current work focuses on issues of global justice, especially as regards natural resources. He is the
author of Global Distributive Justice (2012), and is working on a book defending a global egali-
tarian theory of natural resource justice.
Richard J. Arneson holds the Valtz Family Chair in Philosophy at University of California,
San Diego, where he teaches moral and political philosophy, and he has an affiliation with the
Center for the Philosophy of Freedom at the University of Arizona. He is the author of “Dis-
crimination, Disparate Impact, and Theories of Justice”, in Philosophical Foundations of Dis-
crimination Law (ed. Moreau & Hellman, 2014), “Paternalism and the Principle of Fairness”, in
Paternalism: Theory and Practice (ed. Coons & Weber, 2013) and “Rethinking Luck Egalitarian-
ism and Unacceptable Inequalities”, Philosophical Topics (2012).
Barrie AxfordisProfessorofPolitics andDirector oftheCentre forGlobalPolitics, Economy
and Society at Oxford Brookes University UK. He is a member of the Executive Board of the
Global StudiesAssociation andserves ontheeditorial boardsofthejournals Globalizations, Tele-
matics and Informatics, International Journal of Electronic Governance and Reinvention and Journal of
UndergraduateResearch.HisbooksincludeTheGlobalSystem:Politics,EconomicsandCulture(1996),
Culturesand/ofGlobalization(2011)andmostrecentlyTheoriesofGlobalization(2013).
Christian Barry is the Director of the Centre for Moral, Social, and Political Theory. His
recent work includes International Trade and Labour Standards: A Proposal for Linkage (with Sanjay
Reddy, 2008) and essays in Philosophy and Public Affairs, Journal of Political Philosophy, Review of
International Studies, International Affairs, Cornell International Law Journal and the Journal of Applied
Philosophy.
Alex J. Bellamy is Professor of International Security at Griffith University, Australia, Non-
ResidentSeniorAdviserattheInternationalPeaceInstitute,NewYorkandHonoraryProfessor
of International Relations at the University of Queensland, where he serves as Director (Inter-
national) of the Asia Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect. His most recent book is
viii
Contributors
Massacres and Morality: Mass Atrocities in an Age on Civilian Immunity (2012) and he will shortly
publish The Responsibility to Protect: A Defence (forthcoming).
AndrewBrennanisProfessorofPhilosophyatLaTrobeUniversity.Heistheauthorofmany
papers and book chapters, the most recent of which are “Globalisation and the Environment:
Endgame or New Renaissance?”, inReconceiving Environmental Values (Paavola & Lowe [eds],
2005) and “Poverty, Puritanism and Environmental Conflict”, in Environmental Philosophy:
Critical Concepts in the Environment, vol. 4 (ed. Callicott & Palmer, 2004).
GillianBrockisAssociateProfessorofPhilosophyattheUniversityofAukland,NewZealand.
She is the author or editor of many books, including Global Justice: A Cosmopolitan Account
(2009).
Roger Brownsword has appointments at King’s College London and Bournemouth Uni-
versity and is an Honorary Professor at the University of Sheffield, and a Visiting Professor at
Singapore Management University. His many books include Human Dignity in Bioethics and
Biolaw (with Deryck Beyleveld, 2001) and Rights, Regulation and the Technological Revolution
(2008), and he is currently co-editing both the Cambridge Handbook on Human Dignity (2014)
and the Oxford Handbook on Law, Regulation and Technology (forthcoming).
Alastair V. Campbell is Professor of Medical Ethics and the Director of the Centre for
Biomedical Ethics in the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine of the National University of
Singapore. His recent books include Medical Ethics (with D. G. Jones & G. Gillet, 3rd edn,
2005), The Body in Bioethics (2009) and Bioethics: The Basics (2013).
Simon Caney is Professor in Political Theory at the University of Oxford and Fellow and
Tutor at Magdalen College. He is the author of Justice Beyond Borders (2005), Global Justice and
Climate Change (with Derek Bell, forthcoming) and On Cosmopolitanism (forthcoming), and a
co-editor of Climate Ethics (with Stephen Gardiner, Dale Jamieson & Henry Shue, 2010).
Ruth Chadwick directed the ESRC Centre for Economic and Social Aspects of Genomics
(Cesagen)(2002–13).SheiseditorinchiefofEncyclopediaofAppliedEthics(2012),andauthorof
“Epigenetics and Personalized Medicine: Prospects and Ethical Issues”, Personalized Medicine
(with Alan O’Connor, 2013) and “The Communitarian Turn: Myth or Reality?”, Cambridge
Quarterly of Health Care Ethics (2011). She also co-edits Bioethics and Life Sciences, Society and
Policy.
JulianCulpisapostdoctoralfellowintheLeibnizresearchgroup“TransnationalJustice”atthe
Goethe University of Frankfurt. He is a co-editor of the journal Global Justice: Theory Practice
Rhetoric and the author of Global Justice and Development (forthcoming).
Nigel Dower is Honorary Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Aberdeen. He is
the author of World Ethics: The New Agenda (1998).
Sarah Fine is a Lecturer in Philosophy at King’s College London. She is the author of Immi-
gration and the Right to Exclude (2014) and co-editor of Migration in Political Theory: The Ethics of
Movement and Membership (with Lea Ypi, 2014).
ix