The richness of life: A Stephen Jay Gould Reader PDF
Preview The richness of life: A Stephen Jay Gould Reader
ee Stephen Jay Gould & the richness of life the essential Stephen Jay Gould with an introduction by Steven Rose aS” Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2022 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation https://archive.org/detailsirichnessoflifest0000gou! Mei nNESs OFAIFE Stephen Jay Gould was the Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology and Professor of Geology at Harvard and the Curator for Invertebrate Palaeontology in the university’s Museum of Comparative Zoology. He died in May 2002. Steven Rose is Professor of Biology and Director of the Brain and Behaviour Research Group at the Open University, Visiting Professor in the Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology at University College London, and, jointly with sociologist Hilary Rose, Professor of Physic (genetics and society) at Gresham College, London. Paul McGarr is a mathematics teacher and a leading member of the Respect coalition in Tower Hamlets, London. ISLINGTON LIBRARIES eee 3 0120 02620 ALSO BY STEPHEN JAY GOULD Ontology and Phylogeny The Structure of Evolutionary Theory The Mismeasure of Man Time’s Arrow, Time’s Cycle Life’s Grandeur: The Spread of Excellence From Plato to Darwin The Hedgehog, The Fox and The Magister’s Pox: Mending the Gap Between Science and the Humanities Rocks of Ages: Science and Religion in the Fullness of Life Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History Ouestioning The Millennium: A Rationalists Guide to a Precisely Arbitrary Countdown Collected Essays Ever Since Darwin: Reflections in Natural History The Panda’s Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History Hen’s Teeth and Horses Toes: Further Reflections in Natural History The Flamingo’s Smile Dinosaur in a Haystack Leonardo’s Mountain of Clams and the Diet of Worms Lying Stones of Marrakech: Penultimate Reflections in Natural History Triumph and Tragedy in Mudville: A Lifelong Passion for Baseball I Have Landed: Splashes and Reflections in Natural History An Urchin in the Storm Bully for Brontosaurus Eight Little Piggies STEPHEN JAY GOULD The Richness of Life The Essential Stephen Jay Gould EDITED BY Paul McGarr and Steven Rose WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY Steven Rose VINTAGE BOOKS London Published by Vintage 2007 8109 Copyright © Paul McGarr and Steven Rose 2006 Introduction copyright © Steven Rose 2006 Pages 630-4 constitute an extension of this copyright page Stephen Jay Gould has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988 to be identified as the author of this work Paul McGarr and Steven Rose have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the editors of this work This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser First published in Great Britain in 2006 by Jonathan Cape Vintage Random House, 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London SW1V 2SA www.vintage-books.co.uk Addresses for companies within The Random House Group Limited can be found at: www.randomhouse.co.uk/offices.htm The Random House Group Limited Reg. No. 954009 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 9780099488675 The Random House Group Limited supports The Forest Stewardship Council® (FSC®), the leading international forest-certification organisation. Our books carrying the FSC label are printed on FSC®-certified paper. FSC is the only forest-certification scheme supported by the leading environmental organisations, including Greenpeace. Our paper procurement policy can be found at www.randomhouse.co.uk/environment MIX Paper from FSC responsible sources wwwtscon FSC° CO16897 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc CONTENTS List of Figures Vill Note on the Text Introduction Part I: Autobiography LT I Have Landed The Median Isn’t the Message The Streak of Streaks Seventh Inning Stretch: Baseball, Father, and Me Trouble in Our Own House: A Brief Legal Survey from Scopes to Scalia Of Two Minds and One Nature Part II: Biographies Thomas Burnet’s Battleground of Time The Lying Stones of Marrakech The Stinkstones of Oeningen 103 114 The Razumovsky Duet L27 The Power of Narrative Not Necessarily a Wing 143 Worm for a Century, and All Seasons 155 The Darwinian Gentleman at Marx’s Funeral: Resolving Evolution’s Oddest Coupling 166 The Piltdown Conspiracy 182 Part If: Evolutionary Theory 205 The Evolution of Life on the Earth 209 Challenges to Neo-Darwinism and Their Meaning for a Revised View of Human Consciousness 222 The Structure of Evolutionary Theory: Revising the Three Central Features of Darwinian Logic 238 The Episodic Nature of Evolutionary Change 261 Betting on Chance — and No Fair Peeking 267 The Power of the Modal Bacter, or Why the Tail Can’t Wag the Dog 278 The Great Dying 286 The Validation of Continental Drift 290 Phyletic Size Decrease in Hershey Bars 297 Part IV: Size, Form and Shape 303 Opus 100 307 Size and Shape 319 How the Zebra Gets Its Stripes 324 Size and Scaling in Human Evolution 333 Part V: Stages and Sequences 353 The Ladder and the Cone: Iconographies of Progress 356 Up Against a Wall 370 Part VI: Sociobiology and Evolutionary Psychology 385 Ontogeny and Phylogeny 389 The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme 417 More Things in Heaven and Earth 438 Posture Maketh the Man 461 Freud’s Evolutionary Fantasy 467 Part VII: Racism, Scientific and Otherwise Measuring Heads: Paul Broca and the Heyday of Craniology The Most Unkindest Cut of All A Tale of Two Work Sites Carrie Buck’s Daughter Just in the Middle Part VIII: Religion Non-overlapping Magisteria The Diet of Worms and the Defenestration of Prague Darwin and the Munchkins of Kansas Hooking Leviathan by Its Past Sources and Acknowledgements Index LIST OF FIGURES A right-skewed distribution. 29 I. 2s The frontispiece from the first edition of Thomas Burnet’s Telluris theoria sacra, or Sacred Theory of the Earth. 70 . Life begins with a bacterial mode (adapted from illustrations by David Starwood, from ‘The Evolution of Life on the Earth’ by Stephen Jay Gould, Scientific American, October 1994. Copyright © Scientific American 1994. All rights reserved). 281 . The frequency distribution for life’s complexity (adapted from illus- trations by David Starwood, from ‘The Evolution of Life on the Earth’ by Stephen Jay Gould, Scientific American, October 1994. Copyright © Scientific American 1994. All rights reserved). 282 . Hershey Bars bite the dust: a quantitative assessment (graph after L. Meszoly). 299 . “Transformed coordinates’ (reproduced from D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson, On Growth and Form, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1917). 325 . Three hypothetical schemes for Pliocene and Pleistocene human evolution. ; 336 . Scaling of endocranial volume in pongids and hominids. 341 . Progress in the evolution of the human brain as illustrated by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1915 (reprinted by permission of Charles Scribner’s Sons, an imprint of Macmillan Publishing Company, from
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