The Pulitzer Prize Archive: Complete Biographical Encyclopedia

300 Pages·2003·70.31 MB·English

by  Heinz-Dietrich

THE PULITZER PRIZE ARCHIVE
A History and Anthology of
Award-winning Materials in
Journalism, Letters, and Arts
Series Editor:
Heinz-Dietrich Fischer
Ruhr University, Bochum
Federal Republic of Germany
PART F: DOCUMENTATION
Volume 16
K · G · Säur München 2002
Complete Biographical
Encyclopedia of Pulitzer Prize
Winners 1917 -2000
Journalists, Writers and Composers
on their Ways to the Coveted Awards
by
Heinz-D. Fischer
and
Erika J. Fischer
K · G · Säur München 2002
Gefördert durch Mittel
der Stiftung Presse-Haus NRZ
Essen
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
The Pulitzer prize archive : a history and anthology of award
winning materials in journalism, letters and arts / ser. ed.:
Heinz-Dietrich Fischer. - München : Säur
ISBN 3-598-30170-7
Vol. 16 : Pt. F, Dokumentation. Complete biographical encyclopedia
of Pulitzer prize winners 1917 - 2000 :
journalists, writers and composers on their ways to the
coveted awards /
by Heinz-Dietrich Fischer and Erika J. Fischer. - 2002
ISBN 3-598-30186-3
Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier
Printed on acid-free paper
Alle Rechte vorbehalten / All Rigths Strictly Reserved
K.G. Säur Verlag GmbH , München 2002
Printed in Germany
by Strauss Offsetdruck, Mörlenbach
Bound by Buchbinderei Schaumann, Darmstadt
Cover Design by Manfred Link , München
ISBN 3-598-30186-3
ISBN 3-598-30170-7 (Complete Set)
v
PREFACE
The history of the Pulitzer Prizes is also the personal success story of those journalists,
writers and composers who won this coveted award. In many cases, the honor of winning
advanced their professional careers. In other cases, personal tragedy resulted from the
fact that someone was repeatedly nominated for the Prize or applied for it, but never
won. Some of those who never were awarded the Prize did, however, belong to the
finalists selected by the jurors: For a number of years, the names of the finalists have
been published alongside the names of the actual winners at the annual awards an-
nouncements.
This volume portrays the careers of those prizewinners who were individually named
on the official lists by the Pulitzer Prize Board. This includes individuals who contrib-
uted to collective works and thus were named on the lists of winners. Two names often
mentioned in connection with the Pulitzer Prize are, however, missing in this book: Carl
Bernstein and Bob Woodward. Although they played a central role in the coverage of the
Watergate affair, the 1973 Prize was not awarded to them, but to the Washington Post\
The biographies of the 1.118 Pulitzer-Prize winners portrayed in this work are largely
based upon brief biographical sketches which were included in the application material.
Additionally, general biographical works of reference as well as biographies and auto-
biographies were consulted. Large-scale correspondence with prizewinners or their des-
cendants was used for retrieving additional information. In more recent times, the inter-
net was also employed to locate missing facts and data from a number of sources.
Each biography contained in this book follows the life of a prizewinner up to the point
of his or her winning the award. Due to the varying quality of the sources used, the dif-
ferent biographies must naturally be of slightly varying informational value. Despite all
efforts, in a small number of cases it was not possible to retrieve the date and/or place of
birth of the laureates. This book contains a complete list of award winners from 1917 to
2000.
The Pulitzer Prize Collection at Columbia University, New York, was particulary
helpful in collecting important data. The impressive archives of the Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C., also proved an important source, as did other libraries and archives in
the U.S. and Europe. Professor Seymor Topping and Mr. Edward M. Kliment of the
Pulitzer Prize Office as well as Mr. Bernard R. Crystal of the Rare Book and Manuscript
Library at Columbia University did everything in their power to aid our research. At the
Ruhr-University Bochum Mrs. Britta Duddeck, Mrs. Tanja Schepers and Mr. Sebastian
Susteck helped in the final stages of the creation of the manuscript, while Mrs. Ingrid
Dickhut created the layout of the book and compiled the Appendix.
Additionally, the following people were directly or indirectly involved in the creation
of this volume: Tony Abraham (New York), Daniel Boehnk (Paris), Anita Clesle
VI
(Düsseldorf), Joseph Elbert (Washington, D.C.), Charles Ferguson (Boston), Larry
Heinzerling (New York), Andrea A. Palmer (New York) and John Pennine (New York).
Special thanks to Dipl.-Kfm. Heinrich Meyer, publisher of the NRZ - Neue Rhein/Ruhr
Zeitung and general manager of the Stiftung Presse-Haus NRZ (Essen).
Bochum, FRG
July, 2002 E.J.F./H.-D.F.
VII
C O N T E N TS
PREFACE V
Abbreviations VIII
Dedication Χ
A George F. Abbott - William A. Auth 1
B Milton B. Babbit - Robert O. Butler 11
C Herbert E. Caen - Harvey W. Gushing 35
D Virginius Dabney - Jack W. Dykinga 51
E William J. Eaton - Erik H. Erikson 63
F Horst Faas - Jack W. Fuller 67
G William C. Gaines - Mary A. Gwinn 79
H Albert Hackett - Thomas J. Hylton 93
I William M. Inge - Charles E. Ives 113
J Harold Jackson - Donald R. Justice 115
K Michiko Kakutani - Tony Kushner 120
L Louis La Coss -Jeffrey R. Lyon 135
M Carleton Mabee - James P. Murray 149
N Yasushi Nagao - Russell B. Nye 175
0 Frank M. O'Brien -John W.Owens 179
P Fred L Packer - Ernest T. Pyle 182
Q Anna Quindlen 194
R Howell H. Raines - Morrie Ryskind 195
S Howard Sackler- Paul M. Szep 208
T Harold M. Talburt - Anne Tyler 238
U Alfred Uhry - Huynh C. Ut 248
V Edmund S. Valtman - Paula Vogel 250
W Melinda Wagner - Audrey M. Wurdemann 253
Υ Taro M. Yamasaki - Robert York 271
Ζ Marya A. Zaturenska - Ellen Taffee Zwilich 273
Appendix: Prize Winners by Award Categories 275
VIII
Abbreviations
A.B. Bachelor of Arts M.B.A. Master of Business Administration
ABC American Broadcasting Company Md. Maryland
A.E.F. American Expedionary Force Me. Maine
AIDS Acquired Immune Defiency M.F.A. Master of Fine Arts
Syndrome MGM Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Ak. Alaska Mi. Michigan
Al. Alabama M.I.T. Massachusetts Institute of
A.M. Master of Arts Technology
AP Associated Press M.L. Master of Literature
Ar. Arkansas Mn. Minnesota
Az. Arizona Mo. Missouri
B.A. Bachelor of Arts Ms. Mississippi
B.L. Bachelor of Laws M.S. Master of Surgery
B.Litt. Bachelor of Letters M.Sc. Master of Science
B.S. Bachelor of Science Mt. Mount
Ca. California N.A.A.C.P. National Association for the
CBS Columbia Broadcasting System Advancement of Colored People
CIA Central Intelligence Agency NASA National Aeronautics and Space
Co. Colorado / Company Administration
Co-PPW Co-Pulitzer Prize Winner Nb. Nebraska
Ct. Connecticut NBA National Basketball Association
D.C. District of Columbia NBC National Broadcasting Company
De. Delaware N.C. North Carolina
Dr. rer. nat. Doctor of Science N.D. North Dakota
e.g. for exemple ΝΕΑ National Education Association
FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation NFL National Football League
FCC Federal Communications N.H. New Hampshire
Commission N.J. New Jersey
Fl. Florida N.M. New Mexico
Ft. Fort N.Y. New York State
Ga. Georgia Nv. Nevada
Hi. Hawaii Oh. Ohio
la. Iowa Ok. Oklahoma
II. Illinois Or. Oregon
In. Indiana O.S.S. Office of Strategic Services
Inc. Incorporated Pa. Pennsylvania
INS International News Service PBS Public Broadcasting Service
IRS International Revenue Service PEN International Association of Poets,
J.D. Doctor of Laws Playwrights, Editors, Essayists, and
Jr. Junior Novelists
Ks. Kansas Ph.B. Bachelor of Philosophy
Ky. Kentucky Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy
La. Louisiana Ph.M. Master of Philosophy
LL.B. Bachelor of Laws PP Pulitzer Prize
LL.D. Doctor of Laws PPW Pulitzer Prize Winner
M.A. Master of Arts P.R.O. Public Records Office
Ma. Massachusetts R.I. Rhode Island
Abbreviations IX
S.C. South Carolina U.S.A. United States of America
S.D. South Dakota Ut. Utah
St. Saint Va. Virginia
Tn. Tennessee Vt. Vermont
TV Television Wa. Washington
Tx. Texas Wi. Wisconsin
U.N. United Nations WPA Work Projects Administration
UP United Press W.V. West Virginia
UPI United Press International Wy. Wyoming
This volume is dedicated to
the late Professor Dr. Dietrich Oppenberg
(1917-2000) on his 85th birthday.
He was born in the year when the
Pulitzer Prizes were established.
For many years he served on the Board
of the Theodor-Wolff-Preis,
the German equivalent to the Pulitzer Prizes.