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The Pulitzer Prize Archive: Complete Biographical Encyclopedia PDF

300 Pages·2003·70.31 MB·English
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THE PULITZER PRIZE ARCHIVE A History and Anthology of Award-winning Materials in Journalism, Letters, and Arts Series Editor: Heinz-Dietrich Fischer Ruhr University, Bochum Federal Republic of Germany PART F: DOCUMENTATION Volume 16 K · G · Säur München 2002 Complete Biographical Encyclopedia of Pulitzer Prize Winners 1917 -2000 Journalists, Writers and Composers on their Ways to the Coveted Awards by Heinz-D. Fischer and Erika J. Fischer K · G · Säur München 2002 Gefördert durch Mittel der Stiftung Presse-Haus NRZ Essen Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme The Pulitzer prize archive : a history and anthology of award winning materials in journalism, letters and arts / ser. ed.: Heinz-Dietrich Fischer. - München : Säur ISBN 3-598-30170-7 Vol. 16 : Pt. F, Dokumentation. Complete biographical encyclopedia of Pulitzer prize winners 1917 - 2000 : journalists, writers and composers on their ways to the coveted awards / by Heinz-Dietrich Fischer and Erika J. Fischer. - 2002 ISBN 3-598-30186-3 Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier Printed on acid-free paper Alle Rechte vorbehalten / All Rigths Strictly Reserved K.G. Säur Verlag GmbH , München 2002 Printed in Germany by Strauss Offsetdruck, Mörlenbach Bound by Buchbinderei Schaumann, Darmstadt Cover Design by Manfred Link , München ISBN 3-598-30186-3 ISBN 3-598-30170-7 (Complete Set) v PREFACE The history of the Pulitzer Prizes is also the personal success story of those journalists, writers and composers who won this coveted award. In many cases, the honor of winning advanced their professional careers. In other cases, personal tragedy resulted from the fact that someone was repeatedly nominated for the Prize or applied for it, but never won. Some of those who never were awarded the Prize did, however, belong to the finalists selected by the jurors: For a number of years, the names of the finalists have been published alongside the names of the actual winners at the annual awards an- nouncements. This volume portrays the careers of those prizewinners who were individually named on the official lists by the Pulitzer Prize Board. This includes individuals who contrib- uted to collective works and thus were named on the lists of winners. Two names often mentioned in connection with the Pulitzer Prize are, however, missing in this book: Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward. Although they played a central role in the coverage of the Watergate affair, the 1973 Prize was not awarded to them, but to the Washington Post\ The biographies of the 1.118 Pulitzer-Prize winners portrayed in this work are largely based upon brief biographical sketches which were included in the application material. Additionally, general biographical works of reference as well as biographies and auto- biographies were consulted. Large-scale correspondence with prizewinners or their des- cendants was used for retrieving additional information. In more recent times, the inter- net was also employed to locate missing facts and data from a number of sources. Each biography contained in this book follows the life of a prizewinner up to the point of his or her winning the award. Due to the varying quality of the sources used, the dif- ferent biographies must naturally be of slightly varying informational value. Despite all efforts, in a small number of cases it was not possible to retrieve the date and/or place of birth of the laureates. This book contains a complete list of award winners from 1917 to 2000. The Pulitzer Prize Collection at Columbia University, New York, was particulary helpful in collecting important data. The impressive archives of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., also proved an important source, as did other libraries and archives in the U.S. and Europe. Professor Seymor Topping and Mr. Edward M. Kliment of the Pulitzer Prize Office as well as Mr. Bernard R. Crystal of the Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Columbia University did everything in their power to aid our research. At the Ruhr-University Bochum Mrs. Britta Duddeck, Mrs. Tanja Schepers and Mr. Sebastian Susteck helped in the final stages of the creation of the manuscript, while Mrs. Ingrid Dickhut created the layout of the book and compiled the Appendix. Additionally, the following people were directly or indirectly involved in the creation of this volume: Tony Abraham (New York), Daniel Boehnk (Paris), Anita Clesle VI (Düsseldorf), Joseph Elbert (Washington, D.C.), Charles Ferguson (Boston), Larry Heinzerling (New York), Andrea A. Palmer (New York) and John Pennine (New York). Special thanks to Dipl.-Kfm. Heinrich Meyer, publisher of the NRZ - Neue Rhein/Ruhr Zeitung and general manager of the Stiftung Presse-Haus NRZ (Essen). Bochum, FRG July, 2002 E.J.F./H.-D.F. VII C O N T E N TS PREFACE V Abbreviations VIII Dedication Χ A George F. Abbott - William A. Auth 1 B Milton B. Babbit - Robert O. Butler 11 C Herbert E. Caen - Harvey W. Gushing 35 D Virginius Dabney - Jack W. Dykinga 51 E William J. Eaton - Erik H. Erikson 63 F Horst Faas - Jack W. Fuller 67 G William C. Gaines - Mary A. Gwinn 79 H Albert Hackett - Thomas J. Hylton 93 I William M. Inge - Charles E. Ives 113 J Harold Jackson - Donald R. Justice 115 K Michiko Kakutani - Tony Kushner 120 L Louis La Coss -Jeffrey R. Lyon 135 M Carleton Mabee - James P. Murray 149 N Yasushi Nagao - Russell B. Nye 175 0 Frank M. O'Brien -John W.Owens 179 P Fred L Packer - Ernest T. Pyle 182 Q Anna Quindlen 194 R Howell H. Raines - Morrie Ryskind 195 S Howard Sackler- Paul M. Szep 208 T Harold M. Talburt - Anne Tyler 238 U Alfred Uhry - Huynh C. Ut 248 V Edmund S. Valtman - Paula Vogel 250 W Melinda Wagner - Audrey M. Wurdemann 253 Υ Taro M. Yamasaki - Robert York 271 Ζ Marya A. Zaturenska - Ellen Taffee Zwilich 273 Appendix: Prize Winners by Award Categories 275 VIII Abbreviations A.B. Bachelor of Arts M.B.A. Master of Business Administration ABC American Broadcasting Company Md. Maryland A.E.F. American Expedionary Force Me. Maine AIDS Acquired Immune Defiency M.F.A. Master of Fine Arts Syndrome MGM Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Ak. Alaska Mi. Michigan Al. Alabama M.I.T. Massachusetts Institute of A.M. Master of Arts Technology AP Associated Press M.L. Master of Literature Ar. Arkansas Mn. Minnesota Az. Arizona Mo. Missouri B.A. Bachelor of Arts Ms. Mississippi B.L. Bachelor of Laws M.S. Master of Surgery B.Litt. Bachelor of Letters M.Sc. Master of Science B.S. Bachelor of Science Mt. Mount Ca. California N.A.A.C.P. National Association for the CBS Columbia Broadcasting System Advancement of Colored People CIA Central Intelligence Agency NASA National Aeronautics and Space Co. Colorado / Company Administration Co-PPW Co-Pulitzer Prize Winner Nb. Nebraska Ct. Connecticut NBA National Basketball Association D.C. District of Columbia NBC National Broadcasting Company De. Delaware N.C. North Carolina Dr. rer. nat. Doctor of Science N.D. North Dakota e.g. for exemple ΝΕΑ National Education Association FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation NFL National Football League FCC Federal Communications N.H. New Hampshire Commission N.J. New Jersey Fl. Florida N.M. New Mexico Ft. Fort N.Y. New York State Ga. Georgia Nv. Nevada Hi. Hawaii Oh. Ohio la. Iowa Ok. Oklahoma II. Illinois Or. Oregon In. Indiana O.S.S. Office of Strategic Services Inc. Incorporated Pa. Pennsylvania INS International News Service PBS Public Broadcasting Service IRS International Revenue Service PEN International Association of Poets, J.D. Doctor of Laws Playwrights, Editors, Essayists, and Jr. Junior Novelists Ks. Kansas Ph.B. Bachelor of Philosophy Ky. Kentucky Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy La. Louisiana Ph.M. Master of Philosophy LL.B. Bachelor of Laws PP Pulitzer Prize LL.D. Doctor of Laws PPW Pulitzer Prize Winner M.A. Master of Arts P.R.O. Public Records Office Ma. Massachusetts R.I. Rhode Island Abbreviations IX S.C. South Carolina U.S.A. United States of America S.D. South Dakota Ut. Utah St. Saint Va. Virginia Tn. Tennessee Vt. Vermont TV Television Wa. Washington Tx. Texas Wi. Wisconsin U.N. United Nations WPA Work Projects Administration UP United Press W.V. West Virginia UPI United Press International Wy. Wyoming This volume is dedicated to the late Professor Dr. Dietrich Oppenberg (1917-2000) on his 85th birthday. He was born in the year when the Pulitzer Prizes were established. For many years he served on the Board of the Theodor-Wolff-Preis, the German equivalent to the Pulitzer Prizes.

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