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The Pufendorf Lectures Annotations from the teaching of Samuel Pufendorf (1632–1694) PDF

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T H E P U F E N D O R F L E C T U R E S Annotations from the teaching of S a m u e l P u f e n d o r f 1672–1674 Edited by B O L I N D B E RG kungl. vitterhets historie och antikvitets akademien handlingar filologisk-filosofiska serien 23 KVHAA HANDLINGAR Filologisk-filosofiskaserien23 PortraitofSamuelPufendorf(1632–1694),byJohannUlrichKraus.Thedistichbelow recommendsthestudyofhisworkstoknowhimbetter.Asimilarrelationexistsbetween themanuscriptsherepublishedandtheoriginaltextsofPufendorf. T h e P u f e n d o r f L e c T u r e s Annotations from the teaching of S a m u e l P u f e n d o r f 1672–1674 B o L i n d B e r g (ed.) KUNGL. VITTERHETS HISTORIE OCH ANTIKVITETS AKADEMIEN HANDLINGAR Filologisk-filosofiskaserien23 Lindberg, Bo (ed.). 2014. The Pufendorf Lectures. Annotations from the teaching of SamuelPufendorf1672–1674. Kungl.VitterhetsHistorieochAntikvitetsAkademien (KVHAA),Handlingar,Filologisk-filosofiskaserien23.Stockholm2014.223p. Abstract ThisisaneditionoftwomanuscriptswithnotestakenduringSamuelPufendorf’steach- ingattheUniversityofLundintheearly1670s.Theshortermanuscriptconsistsofan- notationsfromlecturesonDejurenaturaeetgentium,thelengthierrendersnotestaken duringlecturesonDeofficiohominisetcivis.ThetextsshowPufendorf’sdoctrineatthe pedagogiclevel,asitwaspresentedtostudentsimmediatelyafterhisbookswerepub- lished.Theeffectofthatisthatnaturallawisimbeddedinreligion;Biblicalreferencesare numerouscomparedtointheprintedbooks.Still,manycommentsreflectPufendorf’s conflictwithlocaladversariesinLundandwithLutherantheologiansinGermany.The mainmessage,however,isthatnaturallaw,i.e.Pufendorf,shouldreplaceAristotleas foundationfortheteachingofmoralphilosophy. Keywords Pufendorf,lectures,naturallaw,moralphilosophy,Aristotle,JohannScheffer,Hobbes, stateofnature ©2014BoLindbergandKVHAA,Stockholm ISBN978-91-7402-426-5 ISSN0083-677X PublisherKungl.VitterhetsHistorieochAntikvitetsAkademien (KVHAA,TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofLetters,HistoryandAntiquities), Box5622,SE-11486Stockholm,www.vitterhetsakad.se Distributioneddy.seab,Box1310,SE-62124Visby, http://vitterhetsakad.bokorder.se GraphicdesignLarsPaulsrud CoverThefirstpageofthemanuscriptwithlecturenotesonDeofficiohominisetcivis. (NationalLibraryofSweden,Stockholm.) PrintedbyElandersFälth&Hässler,Mölnlycke,Sweden2014 con t e n ts Introduction 7 Background 8 Themanuscripts 13 Naturallawasmoralphilosophy 23 Theedition 39 Bibliography 42 Observationes super librum de J. N. & G. [De jure naturae et gentium] Puffendorfii ex ipsius Auctoris ore in collegio privato Londini Scanorum A:o 1672 Mens. Septemb excerptae 46 Observationes in libellum Sam: Pufendorfii de officio hominis et civis ex publicis lectionibus auctoris Ao 1673 d. 11 Febr. 74 Appendices 217 Acknowledgements 223 I n t roduct Ion Samuel Pufendorf (1632–1694)isakeyfigureinthehistoryofEuro- peanpoliticalthoughtandmoralphilosophy,rankingjustbehindHugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. His theory of natural law was immensely influentialattheendofthe17thcenturyandinthefollowing100years: itdominatedattheuniversitiesofLutheranEuropeandhadsubstantial impactinFranceandtheEnglish-speakingcountries.Muchresearchhas beendevotedtothepolitical,philosophicalandtheologicalaspectsofhis thought, to the spread of his ideas and to the contexts where they were formedandreceived.Thisvolumepresentssourcespertainingtotheme- diationofhisthoughtinaparticularandhithertounnoticedcontext–the academicpulpit.ItisaneditionofnotestakenduringPufendorf’slectures inLundintheearly1670s.Themanuscriptscommentonhistwoworks onnaturallawthatappearedduringhisstayinLund.Onemanuscriptis shortandcontainsthebeginningofaseriesoflecturesonDejurenaturae etgentium(1672).Theotherislongerandofferscommentsonthewholeof Deofficiohominisetcivis(1673). No other annotations from lectures given by Pufendorf are known. Thatinitselfisareasontopublishthem:sourcesconnectingtoprominent personsmayprovevaluablefromunforeseenaspects.Butthevalueofthe editionshouldbemoreclearlyarticulated.Therearefamousmeninthe history of learning whose thought is known to us only through lecture notes–AristotleanddeSaussureforexample.Thatisnotthecasehere. Pufendorf’sdoctrineisknowntousthroughthebooksthathadjustap- pearedwhenhecommentedontheminthespecificcontextofacademic 8 the pufendorf lectures teaching.Theannotationsrepresentadelicateprocessofmediation:first whatPufendorfchosetoemphasizewhenpresentinghisbookstohisaudi- ence;secondwhatthestudentswhotooknoteswereabletograsporfound interesting;andthird,themodificationthatmayhaveoccurredwhenthe notesweretransformedintoareadablemanuscriptafterwards. Thepedagogicalcontextmaybearestrictionifonelooksforelaborate theory in the manuscripts. University professors in 17th century Sweden werenotencouragedtolingerontheoreticalsubtletiesintheirteaching, tosaynothingofsubversiveideas,andoneshouldnotexpectPufendorf tohavepresentedmoreinnovativethoughtasateacherthanasawriter. Ontheotherhand,themanuscriptseditedinthisvolumeshowhisclear intentions about the role of his doctrine in university teaching: natural lawshouldreplaceAristotleinmoralphilosophy.Intheintroductionto thelecturesonDeofficiohepointsoutthatAristotelianethicsandpolitics pertainonlytoancientGreeksociety,incontrasttouniversalnaturallaw. Thatargumentsuggestsamorevisionarypedagogiccontextofnaturallaw than the mere training of students. The overall aim of his doctrine was pedagogic.Allmankindwastobeeducated.Ourdiscipline,heasseverated afewyearslaterinthemidstofhisquarrelswiththetheologians,wasnot inventedtoprovidetopicsforacademicdispute,butinordertobringthe actionsofindividualsandnationsinconcordancewithit.1 Background TheUniversityofLundwasfoundedin1668.Locatedintheprovinceof Skåne,itsaimwastocontributetotheintegrationofthenewlyconquered provinceintotheSwedishkingdom.Duringitsfirsteightyears,however, itwasaninternationaluniversitywithstudentsandprofessorsfromSwe- den,DenmarkandGermany.TheGermanprofessorsbroughtwiththem thepolemicalacademiccultureoftheirhomeland,includingthehabitof publishinganonymousorpseudonymouspamphletswithfeignedplaces of publication. Pufendorf was among the first of the scholars recruited 1. “Specimencontroversiarum”,III:2,inPufendorf:ErisScandica,2002,p.132:“Neque inventaestnostradisciplina,utdisputandimateriampraebeat,sedutactionesacnego- tiatumsingulorumhominum,tumintegrorumpopulorumadeandemexigantur.”

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Samuel Pufendorf (1632–1694), the famous theorist on natural law in 17th century Europe, was a professor at the University of Lund in Sweden from 1668 to 1676. At Lund he is commemorated every year in the Pufendorf Lectures given by renowned international scholars. This book contains his original
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