The Processing and Acquisition of Reference PDF
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The Processing and Acquisition of Reference The Processing and Acquisition of Reference edited by Edward Gibson and Neal J. Pearlmutter A Bradford Book The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any elec- tronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. For information about quantity discounts, email [email protected]. Set in Times New Roman and Syntax on InDesign by Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The processing and acquisition of reference / edited by Edward A. Gibson and Neal J. Pearlmutter. p. cm. This volume presents papers from the special session at the CUNY Sentence Processing conference that was hosted by MIT and Northeastern University in 2003. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01512-7 (alk. paper) 1. Reference (Linguistics) — Congresses. 2. Language acquisition — Congresses. I. Gibson, Edward, 1962– II. Pearlmutter, Neal J., 1967– P325.5.R44P76 2011 401'.456 — dc22 2010022680 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents 1 Introduction 1 Edward Gibson and Neal J. Pearlmutter I Children’s Acquisition and Processing of Reference 2 Cues Don’t Explain Learning: Maximal Trouble in the Determiner System 15 Ken Wexler 3 Children’s Use of Context in Ambiguity Resolution 43 Luisa Meroni and Stephen Crain 4 Referential and Syntactic Processes: What Develops? 65 John C. Trueswell, Anna Papafragou, and Youngon Choi 5 Parsing, Grammar, and the Challenge of Raising Children at LF 109 Julien Musolino and Andrea Gualmini 6 A Cross-Linguistic Study on the Interpretation of Pronouns by Children and Agrammatic Speakers: Evidence from Dutch, Spanish, and Italian 133 Esther Ruigendijk, Sergio Baauw, Shalom Zuckerman, Nada Vasić, Joke de Lange, and Sergey Avrutin 7 Processing or Pragmatics? Explaining the Coreference Delay 157 Tanya Reinhart II Adults’ Processing of Reference: Evidence from the Visual-World Eye- Tracking Paradigm 8 Disfluency Effects in Comprehension: How New Information Can Become Accessible 197 Jennifer E. Arnold and Michael K. Tanenhaus vi Contents 9 It’s Not What You Said, It’s How You Said It: How Modification Conventions Influence On-Line Referential Processing 219 Jodi D. Edwards and Craig G. Chambers 10 The Effect of Speaker-Specific Information on Pragmatic Inferences 239 Daniel Grodner and Julie C. Sedivy 11 Referential Processing in Monologue and Dialogue with and without Access to Real-World Referents 273 Simon Garrod III Adults’ Processing of Reference: Evidence from Corpora and Reading Experiments 12 Noun-Phrase Anaphor Resolution: Antecedent Focus, Semantic Overlap, and the Informational Load Hypothesis 297 H. Wind Cowles and Alan Garnham 13 Investigating the Interpretation of Pronouns and Demonstratives in Finnish: Going beyond Salience 323 Elsi Kaiser and John C. Trueswell 14 Not All Subjects Are Born Equal: A Look at Complex Sentence Structure 355 Eleni Miltsakaki 15 Complement Focus and Reference Phenomena 381 Anthony J. Sanford and Linda M. Moxey 16 The Binding Problem for Language, and Its Consequences for the Neurocognition of Comprehension 403 Peter Hagoort Index 437 The Processing and Acquisition of Reference 1 Introduction Edward Gibson and Neal J. Pearlmutter This volume presents papers from a special session at the Sixteenth Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, hosted by the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology and Northeastern University in 2003. The goal of the special session was to bring together researchers in the fields of language processing and language acquisition to discuss topics of common interest: how people refer to objects in the world, how people comprehend such referential expressions, and how children acquire the abilities to refer and understand ref- erence. Linguistic reference is particularly well suited to connecting the fields of acquisition and processing because it is an active area of research in both linguistics and psycholinguistics, because questions related to producing and understanding reference are already under investigation in both adults and children, and because it is particularly amenable to investigation using head- mounted eye-tracking methods (Tanenhaus, Spivey-Knowlton, Eberhard, and Sedivy 1995; Trueswell, Sekerina, Hill, and Logrip 1999), which have enabled direct investigation of referential processes using identical designs with adults and children. The papers in the volume are divided into three parts. Part I focuses on issues related to children’s acquisition and processing of reference. Parts II and III are dedicated to issues related to adults’ processing of referential informa- tion, part II focusing on work using the visual-world paradigm and part III focusing on work based on corpora and reading experiments. Part I: Children’s Acquisition and Processing of Reference In chapter 2, Ken Wexler provides a novel account of the pattern of data from the eye-tracking study by Trueswell et al. (1999), which showed that children aged 5 behave very differently from adults when following instructions like Put the frog on the napkin into the box. In particular, children seem unable to use the presence of multiple elements of the same type in the context (e.g., two
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