The Local Configuration of New Research Fields: On Regional and National Diversity PDF
Preview The Local Configuration of New Research Fields: On Regional and National Diversity
Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 29 Martina Merz Philippe Sormani Editors The Local Confi guration of New Research Fields On Regional and National Diversity Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook Volume 29 Managing Editor Peter Weingart, Universität Bielefeld, Germany Editorial Board Yaron Ezrahi, The Israel Democracy Institute, Jerusalem, Israel Ulrike Felt, University of Vienna, Austria Michael Hagner, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Stephen H. Hilgartner, Cornell University, Ithaca, U.S.A. Sheila Jasanoff, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. Sabine Maasen, Technical University München, Germany Everett Mendelsohn, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. Helga Nowotny, European Research Council, Bruxelles/Vienna Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Max-Planck Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Berlin, Germany Terry Shinn, GEMAS Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris, France Richard D. Whitley, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, United Kingdom Björn Wittrock, SCASSS, Uppsala, Sweden More information about this series at h ttp://www.springer.com/series/6566 Martina Merz (cid:129) Philippe Sormani Editors The Local Confi guration of New Research Fields On Regional and National Diversity Editors Martina Merz Philippe Sormani Institute of Science Communication Istituto Svizzero di Roma and Higher Education Research Rome , Italy Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt Vienna , Austria ISSN 0167-2320 ISSN 2215-1796 (electronic) Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook ISBN 978-3-319-22682-8 ISBN 978-3-319-22683-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22683-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015954658 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 T his work is subject to copyright. 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Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper S pringer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Contents 1 Configuring New Research Fields: How Policy, Place, and Organization Are Made to Matter ...................................... 1 Martina Merz and Philippe Sormani Part I Policy: Nationalizing Science 2 Hidden in Plain Sight: The Impact of Generic Governance on the Emergence of Research Fields .............................. 25 Jochen Gläser , Grit Laudel , and Eric Lettkemann 3 Building Multidisciplinary Research Fields: The Cases of Materials Science, Nanotechnology and Synthetic Biology ............................................................................. 45 Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent 4 Placing a New Science: Exploring Spatial and Temporal Configurations of Synthetic Biology ............................. 61 Morgan Meyer and Susan Molyneux-Hodgson Part II Place: Mobilizing Regions 5 The Local Configuration of a Science and Innovation Policy: A City in the Nanoworld ............................................................ 81 Dominique Vinck 6 The Local Articulation of Contextual Resources: From Metallic Glasses to Nanoscale Research ..................................... 99 Martina Merz and Peter Biniok 7 Nanodistricts: Between Global Nanotechnology Promises and Local Cluster Dynamics.................................................. 117 Douglas K. R. Robinson , Arie Rip , and Aurélie Delemarle v vi Contents Part III Organization: Managing Tensions 8 Epistemic Politics at Work: National Policy, an Upstate New York Synchrotron, and the Rise of Protein Crystallography ............................................... 137 Park Doing 9 Ecology Reconfigured: Organizational Innovation, Group Dynamics and Scientific Change ............................................... 153 Edward J. Hackett and John N. Parker 10 Co-producing Social Problems and Scientific Knowledge. Chagas Disease and the Dynamics of Research Fields in Latin America ..................................................................................... 173 Pablo Kreimer Part IV Mobility: Changing Contexts 11 Patterns of the International and the National, the Global and the Local in the History of Molecular Biology .............................. 193 Hans-Jörg Rheinberger 12 Recasting the Local and the Global: The Three Lives of Protein Sequencing in Spanish Biomedical Research (1967–1995) .................. 205 Miguel García-Sancho 13 Practicing Innovation: Mobile Nano-training, Emerging Tensions, and Prospective Arrangements ............................ 229 Philippe Sormani Contributors Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent CETCOPRA, UFR de philosophie , Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne , Paris Cedex 05 , France Peter Biniok Faculty of Health, Safety, Society , Furtwangen University , Furtwangen , Germany Aurélie Delemarle Université Paris Est, IFRIS, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech , Marne- la- Vallée , France Park Doing B ovay Program in History and Ethics of Engineering, C ornell University , Brooktondale , NY , USA Miguel García-Sancho D epartment of Science, Technology and Innovation Studies , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK Jochen Gläser Center for Technology and Society, HBS 1, Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany Edward J. Hackett S chool of Human Evolution & Social Change, A rizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA Pablo Kreimer CONICET (National Council for Scientifi c & Technological Research), Center “Science, Technology & Society”, Maimonides University, Buenos Aires , Argentina Grit Laudel Department of Sociology, FH 9-1 , Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany Eric Lettkemann Department of Sociology, FH 9-1 , Technische Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany Martina Merz Institute of Science Communication and Higher Education Research , Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt , Vienna , Austria C entre of Excellence in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences (TINT), U niversity of Helsinki , H elsinki , Finland vii viii Contributors Morgan Meyer Agro ParisTech (UFR Sociologies) and INRA (SenS) , Paris , France Susan Molyneux-Hodgson Department of Sociological Studies , University of Sheffi eld , Sheffi eld , UK John N. Parker Barrett, The Honors College , Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA Hans-Jörg Rheinberger M ax Planck Institute for the History of Science, B erlin, Germany Arie Rip Science, Technology, and Policy Studies (STePS) , University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands Douglas K. R. Robinson Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, IFRIS-LATTS, ESIEE , Marne-la-Vallée , France Philippe Sormani Istituto Svizzero di Roma , Rome , Italy Department of Science and Technology Studies , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria Dominique Vinck Faculté de Sciences Sociales et Politiques, Institut des Sciences Sociales, Quartier UNIL-Mouline , Université de Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland Chapter 1 Confi guring New Research Fields: How Policy, Place, and Organization Are Made to Matter Martina Merz and Philippe Sormani 1.1 Introduction Contemporary science is typically conceived as an international endeavor. Especially the natural and technical sciences are seen as internationally constituted with their adoption of English as a lingua franca as well as widespread cooperation and mobil- ity of researchers across national borders and continents. Such an international per- spective on science, however, should not neglect that the confi guration of individual research fi elds may vary considerably between locations, regions, and national con- texts. Variation is particularly noticeable in the case of research fi elds in their nascent and early stages such as current nanotechnology, synthetic biology, and the neurosci- ences. It is this locally specifi c character of new research fi elds and how they come into being that the present volume and its contributions move into the spotlight. T he adopted research focus opens up a wide range of questions that are of scien- tifi c interest and of a more general societal relevance. A few examples may be instructive for illustration. National science policy agencies are routinely devising and implementing funding instruments with the explicit aim of fostering selected research areas regionally and nationally. How the interaction of these forms of external support with local conditions plays out in specifi c cases, in which sense and M. Merz (*) Institute of Science Communication and Higher Education Research , Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt , Schottenfeldgasse 29 , A-1070 Vienna , Austria Centre of Excellence in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences (TINT) , University of Helsinki , 00014 Helsinki , Finland e-mail: [email protected] P. Sormani Istituto Svizzero di Roma , 00187 Rome , Italy Department of Science and Technology Studies , University of Vienna , A-1070 Vienna , Austria e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 1 M. Merz, P. Sormani (eds.), The Local Confi guration of New Research Fields, Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 29, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22683-5_1
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