The Libyan Anarchy: Inscriptions from Egypt's Third Intermediate Period

643 Pages·2009·14.49 MB·English

by  Robert Kriech Ritner

The Libyan anarchy
Writings from the Ancient World
Theodore J. Lewis, General Editor
Editorial Board
Edward Bleiberg
Billie Jean Collins
F. W. Dobbs-Allsopp
Daniel Fleming
Martti Nissinen
Mark S. Smith
Terry Wilfong
Number 21
The Libyan Anarchy:
Inscriptions from Egypt’s Third Intermediate Period
by Robert K. Ritner
Edited by Edward Wente
T L a :
he ibyan narchy
i e ’
nscripTions from gypT s
T i p
hird nTermediaTe eriod
Translated with an Introduction and Notes
by
Robert K. Ritner
Edited by
Edward Wente
Society of Biblical Literature
Atlanta
The Libyan anarchy:
inscripTions from egypT’s
Third inTermediaTe period
Copyright © 2009 by the Society of Biblical Literature
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as
may be expressly permitted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the pub-
lisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and
Permissions Office, Society of Biblical Literature, 825 Houston Mill Road, Atlanta,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ritner, Robert Kriech, 1953–
The Libyan anarchy: inscriptions from Egypt’s Third Intermediate Period / by
Robert K. Ritner.
p. cm. — (Writings from the ancient world ; no. 21)
English with Egyptian texts in transliteration and translation.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-58983-174-2 (paper binding : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-58983-174-8 (paper binding : alk. paper)
1. Egypt—History—To 332 B.C.—Sources. 2. Inscriptions, Egyptian—Translations
into English. I. Title. II. Series.
DT89.R58 2009
932'.015—dc22 2005016971
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America on acid-free, recycled paper
conforming to ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R1997) and ISO 9706:1994
standards for paper permanence.
For Neil Jordan Krakauer
(Pyramid Texts 1455a)

Contents
Following General Records, entries are grouped by dynasties under individ-
ual reigns. Entries listed in parentheses refer the reader to relevant sections
of the General Records.
series ediTor’s foreword xv
abbreviaTions xvii
inTroducTion 1
The History and Historiography of the “Libyan Anarchy” 1
The Translations 8
Conventions Used in the Transliterations and Translations 10
I. GENERAL RECORDS
a. geneaLogies
1. Khonsu Roof Genealogies of a Priestly Induction:
The Interrelationship of Dynasties XXI–XXII 11
2. Serapeum Stela of Pasenhor: The Royal Genealogy
of Dynasty XXII 17
3. The Genealogy of the Memphite Priestly Elite 21
4. The Statue Genealogy of Basa 25
5. Funerary Stela of Tafabart 32
6. Funerary Stela of Karoama 33
b. priesTLy annaLs and graffiTi
7. Theban Nile Level Records 34
8. The Heliopolitan Annals of Dynasty XXII 44
9. Karnak Priestly Annals 47
10. Four Clerical Graffiti from the Khonsu Temple Roof 65
c. magicaL TexTs
11. Magical Healing Stelae: Cippi of “Horus on the Crocodiles” 68
12. Oracular Amuletic Decree 74
d. donaTion sTeLae
13. Donation Stela of Niumateped 77
14. Donation Stela Strassburg 1588 78
viii CONTENTS
II. DyNASTy XXI
a. smendes
15. General and High Priest Herihor at Karnak 81
16. The Kingship of Herihor in the Great Hypostyle
Hall at Karnak 82
17. The Libyan Ancestry of Herihor 83
18. The Voyage of Wenamon 87
19. The Reburial of Royal Mummies under Herihor 99
20. The Dibabieh Quarry Stela of Smendes 101
21. An Incriminating Letter to the General and High
Priest Piankh 104
b. pinedjem i, high priesT of amon and King
22. Theban Graffiti of High Priest Pinedjem I 109
23. Pinedjem I—The Transition to Royal Status 112
24. The Reburial of Royal Mummies under Pinedjem I 114
25. The Attainment of Royalty: The Votive Stela of
Wennefer, Priest of Coptos 117
26. A Letter from el-Hibeh regarding High Priest Masaharta 122
27. A Letter to el-Hibeh from High Priest Menkheperre 123
c. amonemnisuT
28. The Banishment Stela 124
d. pseusennes i
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.3A)
29. Titles of the Tanite Priest-King Pseusennes I 129
30. Oracular Property Settlement of Menkheperre 130
31. The Royal Titulary of Menkheperre (A) at East Karnak 135
32. Karnak Restoration Stela of Menkheperre 136
e. amonemope or siamon
33. Settlement Text of Henuttawy (C) 138
osorKon The eLder
(Khonsu Roof Geneaology, no. 1)
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.3B)
f. siamon
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.3B, 33)
34. The Titles of Neskhons (A), Wife of Pinedjem II 143
35. Funerary Decree of Amon for Princess Neskhons (A) 145
36. The Reburial of Royal Mummies under Siamon 158
37. The Burial of Pinedjem II: Wall Dockets of Deir-el
Bahari Tomb 320 160
CONTENTS ix
38. A Memphite Land Sale under Siamon 161
39. Tanite Victory Relief 162
g. pseusennes ii
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.3B, 17)
40. Oracular Decree Preserving the Property
of Maatkare (B) 163
41. Abydos Stela of Great Chief Sheshonq for His
Father Namlot 166
III. DyNASTy XXII
a. sheshonq i
(Theban Nile Level Records, no. 7.1, 3)
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.4)
42. Bubastis Block 173
43. Larger Dakhleh Stela 173
44. Deir el-Bahri Cache (DB 320): Interment of
Djedptahiuefankh 178
45. Heracleopolis Altar of Prince Namlot 180
46. Apis Embalming Bed 186
47. Gebel es-Silsilah Quarry Stela No. 100 187
48. The Bubastite Portal at Karnak: Reliefs of Sheshonq I 193
49. Karnak Sanctuary Block 213
50. Karnak Victory Stela 215
51. Megiddo Stela Fragment 218
52. Byblos Statue 219
53. El-Hibeh Temple Reliefs 220
54. Cartonnage of Hor 227
55. Canopic Chest 229
b. osorKon i
(Theban Nile Level Records, no. 7.2)
(Karnak Priestly Annals, no. 9.12, 14, 17, 34–35, 37, 40)
56. The Bubastite Portal at Karnak: Reliefs of Osorkon I 229
57. Byblos Statue 233
58. El-Hibeh Temple Reliefs 235
59. Bubastis Temple Inscriptions: Bastet Temple 237
60. Bubastis Temple Inscriptions: Atum Temple 249
61. Khonsu Temple Graffito 258
62. Donation Stela for the God’s Father Hory 258
63. Stela of Pashedbastet 261
64. Mummy of Nakhtefmut 262