The Imperial College Lectures in Petroleum Engineering: An Introduction to Petroleum Geoscience: 4

395 Pages·2017·22.981 MB·English

by  Michael Ala

The Imperial College Lectures in
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
Drilling and Reservoir Appraisal
Volume
4
Q0115_9781786343956_TP.indd 1 3/7/18 8:55 AM
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Alex - Q0115 - The Imperial College Lectures in Petroleum Engineering.indd 1 10-07-18 3:36:44 PM
The Imperial College Lectures in
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
Drilling and Reservoir Appraisal
Volume
4
Olivier Allain
KAPPA, France
Michael Dyson
Striatum Ltd, UK
Xudong Jing
Shell, Netherlands
Christopher Pentland
Petroleum Development Oman, Oman
Marcel Polikar
Independent Consultant, Canada
Vural Sander Suicmez
Maersk Oil & Gas, Denmark
World Scientific
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Allain, Olivier, editor. | Dyson, M. R. (Michael Richard), 1964– author. |
Jing, Xudong, author.
Title: Drilling and reservoir appraisal / (author) Olivier Allain (Kappa, France), Michael Dyson
(Striatum Ltd, UK), Xudong Jing (Shell, Netherlands), Christopher Pentland
(Petroleum Development Oman, Oman), Marcel Polikar (Independent Consultant, Canada),
Vural Sander Suicmez (Maersk Oil & Gas, Denmark)
Description: [Hackensack] New Jersey : World Scientific, 2017. | Series: The Imperial College
lectures in petroleum engineering ; volume 4 | Includes index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017024335 | ISBN 9781786343956 (hardcover : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Oil well drilling. | Oil reservoir engineering. | Oil wells--Measurement. |
Petroleum reserves. | Petroleum--Geology.
Classification: LCC TN871.2 .D7284 2017 | DDC 622/.3381--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017024335
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Copyright © 2019 by World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
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Disclaimer
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Foreword
The oil industry has long been accustomed to fluctuations in the
price of the oil, volatility in geopolitical landscape and far reaching
new developments in technology and innovation. This forces the
oil industry, including operators, service providers and suppliers
as a whole, to adapt to such environments by cutting costs and
reducing uncertainties in making critical investment decisions. In
ordertomakesuchchangesandadapttoavariablepriceenvironment
that can create low profit margins, the industry is forced to make
continuous technical improvements, especially in the context of
reducing the cost of enabling technologies.
Technicaladvanceshavebeenatruegamechangerinoilindustry.
The successful application of new technologies has literally enabled
oil companies to transform resources which were once thought
unconventional into conventional ones. As the saying goes “what is
impossible today will be easy tomorrow”. Drilling technology is one
such technology which has madesome radical changes in oil industry
in the recent years that impacts the world’s macroeconomic outlook
and the geopolitical future.
This volume (Volume 4: Drilling and Reservoir Appraisal) covers
thefundamentalsandrecentadvancementsindrillingtechnologyand
reservoirappraisalstrategies.Itisauniquetributetopractisingengi-
neers andgeoscientists in thefieldas well as tothestudents studying
in petroleum engineering and earth science programs. This is an
important part of the book titled The Imperial College Lectures in
v
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vi Drilling and Reservoir Appraisal
Petroleum Engineeringsinceacarefulwelldesignandanappropriate
reservoir appraisal program are the first steps towards a successful
development of an oil field while staying within the predefined
economic bounds and minimising the risks and uncertainties in
relevant applications.
The authors are experts in their own field with the right blend of
bothindustrialandacademicexperience.Therefore,thisbookoffersa
uniqueopportunitiesforthereaderstolearnboththeoryandpractice
fromacademictoindustrialperspectives.Itiswithouthesitationthat
I recommend earth science and petroleum engineering professionals
to have this book in their collection as I am confident that they will
find it a useful reference book in the specific area of “Drilling and
Reservoir Appraisal”.
Dr. Birol Dindoruk
Chief Scientist, Reservoir Physics
Shell International E&P Inc.
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Preface
As part of the Imperial College Lectures in Petroleum Engineering,
and based on a lecture series on the same topic, Drilling and
Reservoir Appraisal provides the introductory information needed
for students of earth sciences, petroleum engineering, engineering
and geoscience. The authors of this book are renowned experts in
the industry specializing in the very areas they write about.
This book is organized into three chapters.
In Chapter 1, with many real-life examples sandwiched between
the topics, Michael Dyson first introduces the basic principles of well
engineering, in terms of planning, design and construction, and its
impact on optimal field development. He then moves on to look at
the basic drilling and completion stages and equipment used in the
process, laying the ground for students to appreciate well operations
safety, costs and operations management. Michael Dyson has been
working in the oil and gas arena for many years all across the globe
for corporations like Shell, BG Group and Navigant.
Chapter 2 introduces the concepts of core analysis focuses on
issues of coring and the laboratory measurement of the physico-
chemical properties of samples, and underlines the importance of
hydrocarbonreservoir development. Thischapter is written by Vural
Sander Suicmez, Marcel Polikar, Xudong Jing and Christopher
Pentland whoareall technical expertsin petroleumengineering with
decades of industry and academic experience.
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viii Drilling and Reservoir Appraisal
Known as petrophysics in the context of laboratory measure-
ments of core material from petroleum reservoirs, core analysis
remains an important element within this domain to examine the
physico-chemical propertiesofsamplesofrecovered coreforpurposes
withinmultipledisciplines.Petrophysicsalsoencompasswelllogdata
acquisition and interpretation.
Chapter3focusesonProductionLogging(PL),anin-welllogging
operation designedto describethenatureandthebehaviour of fluids
in or around the borehole, during either production or injection. PL
provides, at a given time, phase by phase and zone by zone, how
much fluid is coming out of or going into the formation. To obtain
these information, the service company engineer will run a string of
dedicated tools to capture and process the information. PL may be
run for different purposes: monitoring and controlling the reservoir,
analysing dynamic well performance, assessing the productivity
or injectivity of individual zones, diagnosing well problems and
monitoring the results of a well operation (stimulation, completion,
etc.). In some companies, the definition of PL extends up to what
we call cased hole logging, includingother logs such as Cement Bond
Logs (CBL), pulse Neutron Capture Logs (PNL), Carbon/Oxygen
Logs (C/O), corrosion logs, radioactive tracer logs and noise logs.
Olivier Allain, technical director andpetroleum engineer at KAPPA,
explains the main methods to interpret classical and multiple probe
production logs in this segment.
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About the Authors
Olivier Allain is Technical Director of KAPPA, a petroleum
engineering software company based in Sophia-Antipolis, France.
During his 27 years with KAPPA, he has been involved with the
development of interpretation software in disciplines ranging from
pressure and rate transient analysis to production logging.
Michael Dyson is a Director of Striatum, a consulting company
delivering projects in the oil and gas arena. Over the course of his
career, he has worked worldwide at Shell, BG Group and Navigant
Consulting.HeisalsoanIndustryGuestLectureratImperialCollege
London.
Xudong Jing is the General Manager of improved and enhanced
oil recovery technology at Shell. He has held petroleum engineering
technical and leadership positions in the UK, Oman, China, US
and the Netherlands. He is also a Visiting Professor in petroleum
engineering at Imperial College London.
Christopher Pentland is a Reservoir Engineer at Petroleum
Development Oman. He has previously worked for Shell Global
Solutions and studied at the Department of Earth Science and
Engineering at Imperial College London.
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