The Iberian Peninsula in Ptolemy’s Geography: Origins of the Coordinates and Textual History

472 Pages·2017·4.53 MB·english

by  Olivier Defaux

The Iberian Peninsula
in Ptolemy’s Geography
origins of the coordinates
and textual history
Olivier Defaux
BERLIN STUDIES OF THE ANCIENT WORLD
claudius ptolemy composed his Geography in the
city of Alexandria, one of the most prominent intellec-
tual centres of the Roman Empire. His work off ers a
comprehensive description of the known world as well
as insight into the practice of scholarly geography dur-
ing the second century CE. Ptolemy’s most important
innovation in this fi eld was his use of geographical co-
ordinates to create maps of the world, and his catalogue,
with its latitudes and longitudes of thousands of locali-
ties, is one of our most valuable sources on the antique
oikoumenē. Very little is known, however, about the
sources and working methods that Ptolemy employed
to produce his Geography. This book focuses on Ptole-
my’s description of the Iberian peninsula and examines
two problematic and interlinked topics relating to the
origins of the catalogue of localities: Ptolemy’s sources
and scientifi c methods on the one hand, and the textual
transmission of the Geography, from Ptolemy to the
extant manuscripts, on the other.
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The Iberian Peninsula in
Ptolemy’s Geography
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Olivier Defaux
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CONTENTS
Preface —9
Introduction —11
Signsandabbreviations —15
(cid:479) PtolemyandtheGeography —21
(cid:479).(cid:479) Ptolemy: astronomer,astrologerandgeographer —21
(cid:479).(cid:480) StructureofPtolemy’sGeography —36
(cid:479).(cid:481) Geographicalcoordinates —41
(cid:479).(cid:482) Ptolemy’smapprojections —49
(cid:480) TextualtraditionoftheGeography —57
(cid:480).(cid:479) TheGeography’stransmission: statusquæstionis —57
(cid:480).(cid:480) TherecensionsinBook(cid:486)oftheGeographyandtheHandyTables —81
(cid:480).(cid:481) SecondarytraditionsandtherecensionsoftheGeography —91
(cid:480).(cid:482) Formalandtextualspecificityofthecatalogue —115
(cid:481) ThecatalogueoftheIberianpeninsulaandtherecensionsofthe
Geography —127
(cid:481).(cid:479) StructureoftheIberianpeninsula’scatalogue —127
(cid:481).(cid:480) ToponymsandethnonymsofIberia —135
(cid:481).(cid:481) Coordinatesandnumericalreadings —146
(cid:481).(cid:482) Textualorganisationandspatialorderingofthecatalogue —152
(cid:482) SourcesandmethodsintheintroductiontotheGeography —163
(cid:482).(cid:479) Ptolemy’sepistemologyofageographicalscience —163
(cid:482).(cid:480) Determininglatitudeandlongitude: theoryandapplication —169
(cid:482).(cid:481) OriginsofthecoordinatesandtherevisionofMarinus’work —177
(cid:482).(cid:482) Distance,timeandorientation —185
(cid:482).(cid:483) Sourcesonthelatitudeoflocalities —188
(cid:482).(cid:484) Sourcesonthelongitudeoflocalities —193
(cid:482).(cid:485) Mapsandpictorialrepresentations —197
(cid:482).(cid:486) Administrativedocuments —209
(cid:483) TheIberianpeninsulainantiquesources —211
(cid:483).(cid:479) PtolemyandthegeographyoftheIberianpeninsula —212
(cid:483).(cid:480) Generaldescriptionsoftheoikoumenē —213
(cid:483).(cid:481) Iberiainthecorpusofperiplographicaltexts —224
(cid:483).(cid:482) Itinerarysourcesandthepeninsula’santiqueroads —233
(cid:483).(cid:483) Historicalworks —239
(cid:484) IdentifyingandexplainingtheoriginsoftheGeography’scoordinates —245
(cid:484).(cid:479) OriginsofPtolemy’scatalogueinmodernresearchworks —245
(cid:484).(cid:480) Methodologicalrequirements —255
(cid:484).(cid:481) IdentifyingandlocatingPtolemy’stoponyms —260
(cid:485) Themaincoastaldistortionsexplained —271
(cid:485).(cid:479) Iberia’sMediterraneancoast —271
(cid:485).(cid:480) SouthernoceaniccoastofIberiaandtheStraitofHercules —291
(cid:485).(cid:481) WesternandnortherncoastsofIberia —311
(cid:486) Thelocalisedcoastaldistortionsexplained —323
(cid:486).(cid:479) DistortionsrelatedtothecoastlineintheΞrecension —323
(cid:486).(cid:480) Howthecoastallocalitieswerepositioned —346
(cid:486).(cid:481) Coordinatesoftheislands —356
(cid:486).(cid:482) DistortionsintheΩrecension —366
(cid:487) TheIberianinterior’sdistortions —375
(cid:487).(cid:479) CastuloandthegroupofdistortionsaroundBaetica —376
(cid:487).(cid:480) TarraconensisandLusitania —387
Conclusion —409
Appendices —415
SourcesandEditions —429
Bibliography —435
IndexofPersons —461
IndexofPlaces —465