The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory PDF
Preview The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory
The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory Blackwell Handbooks in Linguistics Thisoutstandingmulti-volumeseriescoversallthemajorsubdisciplineswithinlinguisticstodayand,when complete,willofferacomprehensivesurveyoflinguisticsasawhole. RecentTitlesInclude: TheHandbookofLanguageandSpeechDisorders TheHandbookofConversationAnalysis EditedbyJackS.Damico,NicoleMüller, EditedbyJackSidnellandTanyaStivers MartinJ.Ball TheHandbookofEnglishforSpecificPurposes TheHandbookofComputationalLinguisticsandNatural EditedbyBrianPaltridgeandSueStarfield LanguageProcessing TheHandbookofSpanishSecondLanguage EditedbyAlexanderClark,ChrisFox,andShalom Acquisition Lappin EditedbyKimberlyL.Geeslin TheHandbookofLanguageandGlobalization TheHandbookofChineseLinguistics EditedbyNikolasCoupland EditedbyC.-T.JamesHuang,Y.-H.AudreyLi,and TheHandbookofHispanicSociolinguistics AndrewSimpson EditedbyManuelD´ıaz-Campos TheHandbookofLanguageEmergence TheHandbookofLanguageSocialization EditedbyBrianMacWhinneyandWilliam EditedbyAlessandroDuranti,ElinorOchs,and O’Grady BambiB.Schieffelin TheHandbookofKoreanLinguistics TheHandbookofInterculturalDiscourseand EditedbyLucienBrownandJaehoonYeon Communication TheHandbookofSpeechProduction EditedbyChristinaBrattPaulston,ScottF.Kiesling, EditedMelissaA.Redford andElizabethS.Rangel TheHandbookofContemporarySemanticTheory, TheHandbookofHistoricalSociolinguistics SecondEdition EditedbyJuanManuelHernández-Campoyand EditedbyShalomLappinandChrisFox JuanCamiloConde-Silvestre TheHandbookofClassroomDiscourseand TheHandbookofHispanicLinguistics Interaction EditedbyJoséIgnacioHualde,AntxonOlarrea,and EditedbyNumaMarkee ErinO’Rourke Fullseriestitlelistavailableatwww.blackwellreference.com The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory Second Edition Edited by Shalom Lappin and Chris Fox Thissecondeditionfirstpublished2015 ©2015JohnWiley&Sons,Inc EditionHistory:BlackwellPublishingLtd(1e,1996) RegisteredOffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffices 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservices,andforinformationabouthowtoapplyfor permissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteat www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. TherightofShalomLappinandChrisFoxtobeidentifiedastheauthorsoftheeditorialmaterialinthiswork hasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise, exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,withoutthepriorpermissionofthe publisher. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynot beavailableinelectronicbooks. Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrand namesandproductnamesusedinthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregistered trademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Thepublisherisnotassociatedwithanyproductorvendor mentionedinthisbook. LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherandauthorshaveusedtheirbesteffortsin preparingthisbook,theymakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyor completenessofthecontentsofthisbookandspecificallydisclaimanyimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantability orfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Itissoldontheunderstandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedin renderingprofessionalservicesandneitherthepublishernortheauthorshallbeliablefordamagesarising herefrom.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofacompetent professionalshouldbesought. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData TheHandbookofContemporarysemantictheory/editedbyShalomLappinandChrisFox.–Second Edition. pagescm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-470-67073-6(cloth) 1.Semantics–Handbooks,manuals,etc.2.Semantics(Philosophy)–Handbooks,manuals,etc.I. Lappin,Shalom,editor.II.Fox,Chris,1965-editor. P325.H282015 (cid:2) 401.43–dc23 2015015323 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Coverimage:OttoFreundlich,Untitled,c.1930.©OTTOFREUNDLICH/AKGImages Setin9/11ptPalatinoLTStdbySPiGlobal,Chennai,India 1 2015 ForRay. Contents NotesonContributors ix Preface xv Introduction 1 PartI Quantifiers,Scope,Plurals,andEllipsis 7 1 GeneralizedQuantifiersinNaturalLanguageSemantics 9 DagWestersta˚hl 2 Scope 40 ChrisBarker 3 Plurals 77 YoadWinterandRemkoScha 4 Ellipsis 114 RuthKempson,RonnieCann,ArashEshghi,EleniGregoromichelaki, andMatthewPurver PartII Modification,Presupposition,Tense,andModality 141 5 AdjectivalModificationandGradation 143 DanielLassiter 6 PresuppositionandImplicature 168 ChristopherPotts 7 TheSemanticsofTenseandAspect:AFinite-StatePerspective 203 TimFernando 8 ConditionalsandModality 237 MagdalenaKaufmannandStefanKaufmann viii Contents PartIII Nondeclaratives 271 9 SemanticsofQuestions 273 AndrzejWis´niewski 10 TheSemanticsofImperatives 314 ChrisFox PartIV TypeTheoryandComputationalSemantics 343 11 ConstructiveTypeTheory 345 AarneRanta 12 TypeTheorywithRecordsforNaturalLanguageSemantics 375 RobinCooperandJonathanGinzburg 13 CurryTyping,Polymorphism,andFine-GrainedIntensionality 408 ShalomLappin 14 SemanticComplexityinNaturalLanguage 429 IanPratt-Hartmann 15 ImplementingSemanticTheories 455 JanvanEijck 16 VectorSpaceModelsofLexicalMeaning 493 StephenClark 17 RecognizingTextualEntailment 523 MarkSammons PartV Interfaces 559 18 NaturalLogic 561 LawrenceS.Moss 19 TheSyntax-SemanticsInterface:SemanticRolesandSyntacticArguments 593 MalkaRappaportHovavandBethLevin 20 ReferenceinDiscourse 625 AndrewKehler 21 ProbabilisticSemanticsandPragmatics:UncertaintyinLanguage andThought 655 NoahD.GoodmanandDanielLassiter 22 SemanticsandDialogue 687 DavidSchlangen 23 SemanticsandLanguageAcquisition 714 EveV.Clark AuthorIndex 735 SubjectIndex 745 Notes on Contributors ChrisBarkerProfessorandChair,DepartmentofLinguistics,NewYorkUniversity.ChrisBarker’s currentresearchprogramappliesinsightsfromthetheoryofprogramminglanguagestonatural languagesemanticsandthephilosophyoflanguage. Ronnie Cann Ronnie Cann has a long-established interest in research at the syntax/semantics interface,rangingoveranumberoftheories.Inrecentyears,hisinterestshavefocussedonthe developmentofDynamicSyntax,ofwhichheisacoredeveloperwithRuthKempson,acollabora- tionthathasresultedintwocoauthoredbooks,andacoeditedbookalongwithnumerousjournal articles and book chapters. He took a B.A. degree in classics from University College London beforeconvertingtoLinguistics,receivingadiplomafromUCL in1979andaD.Phil.fromthe University of Sussex in 1984. He has been teaching at the University of Edinburgh since 1984 whereheisnowProfessorofLinguisticSemantics. EveV.ClarkEveV.ClarkistheRichardLymanProfessorinHumanitiesandProfessorofLinguis- ticsatStanfordUniversity.Shehasdoneextensivecrosslinguisticobservationalandexperimental researchonchildren’ssemanticandpragmaticdevelopment.HerbooksincludePsychologyand Language(withH.H.Clark,1977),TheOntogenesisofMeaning(1979),TheAcquisitionofRomance, withSpecialReferencetoFrench(1985),TheLexiconinAcquisition(1993),andFirstLanguageAcquisi- tion(2edn.,2009). StephenClarkStephenClarkisReaderinNaturalLanguageProcessingattheUniversityofCam- bridge.PreviouslyhewasamemberofFacultyattheUniversityofOxfordandapostdoctoral researcher at the University of Edinburgh. He holds a Ph.D. in computer science and artificial intelligencefromtheUniversityofSussexandaphilosophydegreefromCambridge. His main research interest is the development of data-driven models for the syntactic and semanticanalysisofnaturallanguage.Heistherecipientofa1Mfive-yearERCStartingGrant (2012–17)toworkonintegratingdistributionalandcompositionalmodelsofmeaning,aswellas thecoordinatorofa£1.5Mfive-siteEPSRCgrant(2012–15)inthisarea.
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