The Great Logo Adventure (Logo Language Programming for Kids)

540 Pages·1998·4.12 MB·English

by  Jim Muller

oetmocleW AdvLeonGgtroue raTeth e !
Maybe school. in language Logo the to introduced were you Maybe
packages.Logo older the of one have still or had, you
,l lseeWm .iedtveaghnahc
progerrniavcmihtmvr hieoanrntgym enta offeLrosTg ood ay,
derutaef-llu F.ssecc akrowte ndn ascitobo r,sloo taidemitlu msedulcni
stros lla gnirolpxe rof sdnammoc fo sderdnuh reffo won segakcap ogoL
,ecnegilletni laicifitra ot scihparg eltrut tselpmis eht morf ,snoitacilppa fo
.gnim msnawerovgdeonripW
,ogoL WSM !eerf era segakcap ogoL tseb eht fo emos ,lla fo tseB
aid esm e iltd atleiflu svouf,om kr soppiooh b l td heseocvastiewuhdw
You’ll programming. Windows to introduction excellent an plus tools
.DC desolcne eht no ti dnif
Whati s The Great Logo Adventure?
AdventureLogo Great The casreotrfoi oaen sl- aittnhe esi ts
sega lla fo elpoep gnuoy ecudortni taht skoob ytivitca ylimaf detartsulli
computer. the off and on Logo exploring of excitement and fun the to
ev a,hfr odMnei rtfibb aerlbiserper rri edh n,atocs aemltr urt u,oygoL
Logfor eea dtdoi tIinob no otkh.ai cst itnvoei wt ieosnf u mbera added
book this with included CD the computers, desktop most for software
.s e lg rlasoatfcej o dr,npsaerut c,ispret seogp n eas drraiewffo
elihW Adventure Logo Great The wbrehieuatMnsstS i eWnn g
language. the of version any about just with book this use can you Logo,
these in packages Logo between differences the of some about talk We
the in commands Logo common of cross-reference a also There’s pages.
.xidneppa
Whati sL ogo
lla fo srerutnevda rof egaugnal gnimmargorp evitcaretni na si ogoL
no i –teahttu pcmi olsco ebfumoqyi sn d hee.chw seto tetrsIgraaohb
egaugnal gnimmargorp eht ,PSIL morf – saedi dna sdrow fo gnitalupinam
den i sbeemruoaqcin he cs.eentheTt tyilrlwan i oh gsgcniaoiirwLhow
dna ,noisrucer ,serudecorp fo esu eht sa hcus saedi lufrewop rehto htiw
evitcaretni euqinu a edivorp ot atad sa smargorp fo noitalupinam eht
.tnemnorivne gnimmargorp
WhyL ogo
u”o.Ygni l ddionlenaochse roh hntdt“iewngi sn eesodeagbhoL
graphic a in turtle cybernetic a of actions the controlling by begin
snoitca etaidemmi esehT .kcadeef etaidemmi sedivorp taht tnemnorivne
thoughts of sequence your When thinking. are you how “see” you let
Logo of nature descriptive the want, you what do turtle the make not does
thinking.your “debug” to thoughts their your trace easily you lets
immteghdrfeiar apothmei c Lodgooe,s s gor oywo,u As
rof tnemnorivne gnimmargorp larudecorp ,derutcurts a otni tnemnorivne
r, er,beem tcue,unnhepetgmi aoc,ucssgcniatla mgenhitraomlpxe
,d s ldrmoo no eghe a f .otoslhseessLeicihryrhutoshWmmt
detimil si gniliec eht — dlo sraey owt sa gnuoy sa — wol yllanoitpecxe
imagination.your by only
________________________________________________
PlantingS ome . s s e e ,d egts nr emanee oeueopahwenoss ltreY epadekrhiatLg
Seeds tgftnmi hrehuadeoeertktteswtdmtoeoooaae.h u n stn ere,hdme e ,
wAisats nhey e ydhop,abuta ve ote i ent!
You may be tempted to rush over the details. Just remember that
and imitation on are they dependent more the explorers, the younger the
!dneirf s’eltrut eht s’ti tub — ymene ruoy eb ot mees yam emiT .noititeper
cotyympjehoopeoxeuaauuoip nSbntrttpnlgood hel o o irerks e
explore. to time the them Give imaginations. their Cultivate together.
.detavit lg un s dcipdoeeeufeeunhnhroisbewotayir p tre’ ubntsosduJ
country drought-ridden the from proverb Bambera old an There’s
:acirf Atse Wn iila Mfo
”!e B a r i Se T n e l e K o h g o M “
”.liart a ekam tonnac nosrep eno“ taht syas siht ,detalsnart ylesooL
working group a of talents multiple the task, common a accomplish To
laudividni eht fo stnelat etinif eht naht evitcudorp erom eb nac rehtegot
p s s k u us suyldofeohopsichl n oohycruihowe-anbtigotft-ohrwg
.seitivitca
OrKe,sat tdoay r t?
!erutnevd Aogo Ltaer Gnw oyre vruo yyojn eo temi ts’t I!dooG
About the Author
ygolonhcet hgih gnitalsnart ni tseretni gnolefil a dah sah relluM miJ
especially — applications enjoyable and practical, understandable, into
public while 1979 in Logo with working began He people. young for
Incorporated.Instruments Texas for manager relations
in package, Logo commercial first the Logo, TI introducing After
group. users Logo first the organize to on went Muller 1981. of April
a arouLnodgs oet xuTpdhIleij ongurthneis iin oggrh t asst arWtheadt
ogoL ’selpoeP gnuoY eht otni werg egarag relluM eht ni elbat gnop-gnip
selp og en dpuelrdyeohlonbzytafaina g.r)OAL P. Yc,(nnIoitaicossA
2 4n isrebme m000 6o twer gylkciu qnoitaicoss aeh t,dlro weh tfo
.muroF ogoL ehT sa evreSupmoC denioj ALPY eht ,5891 nI .seirtnuoc
.lumj~/ten.pmarrebyc.www / e/ y v :w eeo abpoaghgthetNatoawtpLh
eseh tdehsilbu pALP Yeh t,repapswe nylhtno m ao tnoitidd anI
:snoitid eelpitlu mn iemo s,skoob
* 1,2,3 My Computer and Me
* ko oseb’heeTclrturouST
* yr es kv’eooehoclTBstirDuT
* seru ten hefTvodaeslitMrM
* The Logo Library
* Comptuhtee rOff and OnL eLaorgnoi ng
d :neeavr iastwicthaftroestni
* Logo Island Adventures
* segayoV fo ehT eltruTllehS
* epacsE morF ogoLeltsaC
* LogoDoodleBug
dehsilbup ecnis sah rohtua ehT kooB yrevocsiD s’guBydaL ehT rof
,ogo LguBydaL BDoioTskucrotvleer’yTs h e Logo and Logo PC for
, sdunlaP SourcebookLogo The .o g Wo rSLoMf
________________________________________________
Acknowledgments
.s dne i sdryinfrh a rsnya ’omL!esyr ne o raheoeamTrtrfaehT
ogoL ’selpoeP gnuoY eht ,msaisuhtne dna ytisoiruc rieht tuohtiW
happened. have would neverA ssociation
o hdwlr oew hdtnuo rmao reflpo egpnu oyyn a,myn aem rearehT
hees. tmsesfiooruowShuttn eo tv grad noieAdwLereohGrtahs
.koo bsih tn ier aserutnevda
egroeG ot ylniatrec tsom dna ogoL BCU rof yevraH nairB ot sknahT
tn es .maWonSgoMo rLgsi n wvs ito onlrtitedelotnhnifuitiMpW
edam ohw tsinootrac eht ,ahciM selrahC etal eht s’erehT Great The
erutnevdA ogoL emo co.tefil
dna poleved depleh ohw srotacude ynam eht ot sknaht laicepS
sloe arnewde whomf rom andL ogo, atpop rYoPaLcAh vtahlei date
nitraM neelhtaK dna ,hplodnaR naoJ ,sirraH iduJ ,hctiF yhtoroD .hcum
,enabsirB fo stteB ynneJ neeb s’ereht ,yltnecer eroM .wef a tub era
,t sc nii.iurt otSlLs o ino eDi hfuee c oD th,SyadstabLnpioaElTartsuA
derevocsid niaga ev’I ,snoitasrevnoc citenrebyc ruo hguorhT .iruossiM
computer.the off and on be, can learning fun much how
edhetviv r sou,ahsrhwel lyueMr dsu’Aer e,hets r ,ufdooncA
niatniam ot deganam llits dna emoh reh otni sdiordna eltruT fo noisavni
years. these all stability of sense a
________________________________________________
stnetnoC
o temocleW ehT taer GeorguotLnevdA ! ......................................... i
rohtu Aeh ttuobA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. iii
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... iii
Contentsof Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
elb aoFg oAL…er aeH hdt neasiotr oeThT .......................................... 1
koo Bsih TgnisU ......................................................... 6
Chapter 1. GetSttianrgt ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
UsingYou Are LogWoh ich ................................................ 7
ogo LWS MgnillatsnI ........................................................ 8
W SosMguonLeM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 14
Chapter 2. Meet the Turtle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
DirectionsTurtle ........................................................ 22
eltru Teh tgninruT ....................................................... 24
flesruoY retfA pU gninaelC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 26
. 1liar TtibbaR Computer the Off Games Turtle ............................. 28
dnahtroh Seltru TgninraeL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 32
. 2liar TtibbaR eltru Tlicne P agnikaM .................................... 39
. 3liar TtibbaR newl otgTrnuiTrolpxE .................................... 42
. 4liar TtibbaR yhpargoe GeltruT ........................................ 46
. 5liar TtibbaR st roogpoSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 57
serutci Pruo Ygniva Sdn agnitnirP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 61
eyb-dooG yaS ot gninraeL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 64
g nriut oinlY rwaoWOngrouLoJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 64
Chapter 3. Mak iSnhga pes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
ShapesExploring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
. 6liar TtibbaR yrtemoe GydoB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 66
serauqS gnirolpxE ....................................................... 66
se rshaeturiquwSt neervodMA ............................................. 71
. 7liar TtibbaR se lozgzouLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 76
TrianglesExploring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 77
. 8liar TtibbaR PuzLzolgMeoos r e ....................................... 89
selgnatce Rhti WserutnevdA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 90
margolellara P as’tahW ................................................... 94
srenilenO s’froM ........................................................ 97
. 9liar TtibbaR ffutS rehtO dna ,gnirtS ,skcolC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 103
.0 1liar TtibbaR retupmo Ceh tff Odn an OskcolC .......................... 107
.1 1liar TtibbaR gnirt Sf olla B ahti WgninraeL ............................ 109
.2 1liar TtibbaR ema Gsso Tgnirt SehT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 114
rsleelv pAOganhiSdniF ................................................. 115
Chapter 4. Writing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9
Procead ureisW hat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
gni triusroeWY rnuwdOecorP ............................................... 120
serudecorP gnimaN ..................................................... 121
.3 1liar TtibbaR Blocks With Exploring .................................. 132
s g ,ndsinl hae,TesheWr a,usqeSsuoH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 133
serudecorP gnivaS . . . . . . . . . . ............................................ 143
gsneirduadoeLcorP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 145
serudecor Pruo YgnitidE ................................................. 146
s’ta ehncWI arpusokYroW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 154
gnicsaerrTudecorP ..................................................... 155
ProceduresYour Organizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 158
.4 1liar TtibbaR sdnomaiD htiW gniyalP ................................. 161
serudecorpbu Sdn aserudecorprepuS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 162
Chapter 5. Color, Music, and Pizzazz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7
rolo Cemo SgniddA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
srolo Cyramir PgnisU ................................................... 168
sdnammo Crolo CogoL .................................................. 170
txeT ot zzazziP gniddA .................................................. 186
stce fdfnE ueo mSdodSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 190
.5 1liar TtibbaR snoitcar FlacisuM ...................................... 195
Chapter 6. VaryiVnagr iables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1
ogo Ln iselbairaV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 202
sgnih Tdn asnogyloP .................................................... 208
.6 1liar TtibbaR sgsn oieTrltbSairaV .................................... 209
sbewredip Sdn asnogaxeH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 210
VariablesGlobal and Local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 213
ThingsConditional ..................................................... 218
s neoriotMa lnloesseT ................................................... 222
.7 1liar TtibbaR serauq SgnitallesseT .................................... 225
.8 1liar TtibbaR smarg n aT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 229
snoisnemi Deerh To tow TmorF ........................................... 235
.9 1liar TtibbaR r denepudaFlPoF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ 238
serudecor Pruo YENIFED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 242
Bury and Unbury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 246
gnitiaW ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Chapter 7. PolygonsC,i rclesS,t arasn Sdt uff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3
snogylo Phti WgniyalP ..................................................... 253
PowerPentagon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
selcri Chti WgniyalP .................................................... 256
gnini faeeDlcriC ....................................................... 260
e elf0huo6TR3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
snog y hlgtoniPiW yearloPM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... 266
sgnih Tdn a,spoo H,selcri C,scrA .......................................... 272
slooT elcriC dna crA .................................................... 275
2EL C,dREnILa CC,R 2I,CCCRRAA ...................................... 277
.0 2liar TtibbaR gniza Grat S .......................................... 278
Chapter 8. Turtle Positions and Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5
sgnidaeH eltruT ........................................................... 295
sss ’aeephlmTtorCuT ................................................... 299
.1 2liar TtibbaR yllaR eltruT ehT ....................................... 300
CoorYd ina-t esX . . . . . . . . . . ............................................ 301
Drawing an Ellipse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 306
esp i g lnn:lailEw i aaerrlDTt rsu’TygoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 307
s e eldrcnosraMcirCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 313
s eetvaintiaderroCoC .................................................... 317
TGaarmgeeAt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
oyghopLargoeG ....................................................... 338
Chapter 9. Recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 1
RecursivLeife Is .......................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
n odinser-ulcieaRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
RecursionEmbedded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 348
.2 2liar TtibbaR RecuPrasg ievse ....................................... 350
slatcar Fdn a,sipsylo P,slariuq S,slaripS ..................................... 356
.3 2liar TtibbaR Art Wire and String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 363
.4 2liar TtibbaR s etnhigLi amsroetrvSFruC .............................. 366
FractWailtsh Fun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 379
Chapter 10. The Great Math Adventure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3
cite mohgtoiLrA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
sre bemvui Nt eadvgnieatNisoP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 396
.5 2liar TtibbaR srebmu Nevitage Ndn aevitisoP ........................... 397
se remuhadTregcnoarTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 404
gni l, fgdfnnu iah,kSMcOiDPNAR ......................................... 408
RootsSquare and Squares ................................................ 411
yrtemo n kok ogctAoiiaLruTQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 416
sn oliatcairgeopLO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 427
shetganMellahC ....................................................... 428
ecapS ni senalP gnitatoR ................................................. 429
CADTurtle About How ................................................. 431
stsi Lytrepor PgnidnatsrednU ............................................. 434
Languagea Mathematics Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 436
Chapter 11. Animating Multiple Turtles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 9
seltru Telpitlu MgnitalumiS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 439
TurtlMeusltiple With Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ 447
e ge penl fahiteohtgrhSnutaThC .......................................... 448
eltru Teh tgnitaminA .................................................... 453
Chapter 12. Talk To Your Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 5
computer?your to talk ever you Did . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 476
ogoLsecnetneS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
,,ssrd er dto,ncs WsaatorrsgeaiobhLLmCuN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 478
GamesWord .......................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
swogdnniimWmargorP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 498
ecnegilletnI laicifitrA dna ogoL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... 516
Index ................................................................ 523
FabLlHoeag roe t…hAe T oarntdTo hies e
along moved who tortoise a was there time, a upon Once
fun was It life. easy slow, this liked tortoise The slowly. very
lots was There flowers.t he and trees, the birds, thew atching
oft imet ol earnf rome achn ewt hingh es awa sh ew andered
about.
to liked who hare a was theret ime, same that upon Once
hop and leap about. Now, the hare was always teasing the
tortoise about his slow, steady pace. But the tortoise never
each enjoying business, own his minding kept just He replied.
nseiwg ahsntod u nd.
One day, the hare teased the tortoise one time too many.
“Hare,”s aidt het ortoise,“ Ic hallengey out oar ace .
Whoeverc ang ett ot heo thers ideo ft hef orestf irsti st he
winner. And if I win, no more teasing!”
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