The Freud Files: An Inquiry Into the History of Psychoanalysis PDF
Preview The Freud Files: An Inquiry Into the History of Psychoanalysis
THE FREUD FILES How did psychoanalysis attain its prominent cultural position? How did it eclipserivalpsychologiesandpsychotherapies,suchthatitbecamenatural tobracketFreudwithCopernicusandDarwin?WhydidFreud‘triumph’to suchadegreethatwehardlyrememberhisrivals?Thisbookreconstructsthe earlycontroversiesaroundpsychoanalysis,andshowsthatratherthandem- onstrating its superiority, Freud and his followers rescripted history. This legend-makingwasnotanincidentaladditiontopsychoanalytictheorybut formed its core. Letting the primary material speak for itself, this history demonstratestheextraordinaryapparatusbywhichthiswould-bescienceof psychoanalysis installed itself in contemporary societies. Beyond psycho- analysis, itopensupthehistoryoftheconstitutionofthemodernpsycho- logicalsciencesandpsychotherapies,howtheyfurnishedtheideaswhichwe haveofourselves,andhowthesebecamesolidifiedintoindisputable‘facts’. mikkelborch-jacobsenisProfessorofFrenchandComparativeLiterature attheUniversityofWashington.Heistheauthorofhighlyinfluentialbooks onthetheoryandhistoryofpsychoanalysis,andco-authorofthebest-selling Lelivrenoirdelapsychanalyse(TheBlackBookofPsychoanalysis). sonushamdasaniisPhilemonProfessorofJungHistoryattheCentrefor theHistoryofPsychologicalDisciplinesatUniversityCollegeLondon,and iswidelyregardedastheleadingJunghistorianatworktoday.Hisnumerous bookshavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages,andhismostrecentedited work, C.G. Jung’s The Red Book. Liber Novus (2009), was awarded the Heritage Award from the New York Book Show for the best book in the lasttwenty-fiveyears. BooksbybothauthorshavebeenrecipientsoftheGradivaAwardfromthe NationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofPsychoanalysis. Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:22 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:22 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 The Freud Files: An Inquiry into the History of Psychoanalysis Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen and Sonu Shamdasani Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:22 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 cambridge university press Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,SãoPaulo,Delhi,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb28ru,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521729789 ©MikkelBorch-JacobsenandSonuShamdasani2012 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2012 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloguinginPublicationdata Borch-Jacobsen,Mikkel. TheFreudfiles:aninquiryintothehistoryofpsychoanalysis/MikkelBorch-Jacobsen andSonuShamdasani. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-521-72978-9(pbk.) 1. Psychoanalysis–History. 2. Freud,Sigmund,1856–1939. I. Shamdasani,Sonu, 1962– II. Title. bf173.b68127 2012 150.1905209–dc23 2011020724 isbn978-0-521-50990-9Hardback isbn978-0-521-72978-9Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:22 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 For Charlotte and Maggie Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:22 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 Contents Acknowledgements pageix Introduction:thepastofanillusion 1 WaitingforDarwin 3 ‘Thepowerful,ineradicableFreudlegend’ 12 Openingtheblackbox 16 Freudwars 24 1 Privatisingscience 30 ‘Psychoanalysisismycreation’ 33 Thepoliticsofself-analysis 39 Thepoliticsofreplication 54 FreudInc. 75 Theimmaculateconception 104 2 Theinterprefactionofdreams 116 Theimmaculateinduction 119 Themanufactureoffantasy 146 AirbrushingBreuer 159 3 Casehistories 179 ‘Thefamouspaddeddoor...’ 183 Narratingtheunconscious 192 Themindreader 199 Freeindirectstyle 204 vii Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:28 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 viii Contents * Whospeaks? 208 Theprettypostalworkerandtheunscrupulousgambler 213 ThereturnoftheWolfMan 223 Freudthenovelist? 230 4 Policingthepast 235 Kürzungsarbeit 237 Abiographyinsearchofanauthor 256 TheJonesbiography:thedefinitiveformofthelegend 267 ‘Topsecret’ 286 Coda:whatwaspsychoanalysis? 300 Notes 308 Bibliography 362 Indexofnames 397 Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:28 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 Acknowledgements Thisbookbeganin1993asaninquiryintoFreudhistoriansandtheirwork. WehadbecomeawareoftheupheavalsthathadaffectedFreudstudiessince the 1970s, which were completely transforming how one understood psy- choanalysis and its origins. Intrigued by the new histories of the Freudian movement,wedecidedtointerviewthekeyplayerstogathertheirtestimo- niesinacollectivevolume.Theseinterviewsweretranscribedandannotated (we reproduce a few excerpts in the following), but the volume itself remained unfinished, for in the meantime our investigation had changed.1 Quitequickly,itbecameapparentthatitwasnotpossibletosituateourselves withtheneutralityandironicdetachmentthatwehadinitiallyadopted.The stakesweretoohigh,andtoomuchremainedtoberesearchedandverified before one could attempt to pass judgment on the endless controversies around psychoanalysis. Instead of describing them from the outside, we becamedrawnin,andhereputforwardourowncontributiontothehistory oftheFreudianmovement. Thisbookistheproductofthisengagement,butalsoanattempttoregain, throughhistoricalreflection,someofthedistancethatweatfirstmaintained towardsourobjectofstudy.Wewantedtostudythehistoryofthehistoryof psychoanalysisandtounderstand better thebasicissuesofthisfascinating andconflictualfield–fascinatingbecauseoftheconflict.Wewanted,inthe end,todrawconsequencesfromhistoricalcriticismfortheunderstandingof this strange movement. For any reckoning with the status of psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy in today’s societies at some point requires comingtotermswithFreudandhislegacy. We would like to thank all those who accompanied us in this task and aboveallthehistorianswhoagreedtobeinterviewed.Manybecamefriends (whentheywerenotalready)andguidesintheminefieldsofFreudstudies: Ernst Falzeder,DidierGille,HanIsraëls,Mark S.Micale,KarinObholzer, Paul Roazen, François Roustang, Élisabeth Roudinesco, Richard Skues, ix Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:35 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 x Acknowledgements * Anthony Stadlen, Isabelle Stengers, Frank J. Sulloway, Peter J. Swales. Manyothersdeserveourgratitudefortheirhelp,hospitality,advice,support andcriticisms:VincentBarras,BillBynum,HenryCohen,FrederickCrews, ToddDufresne,JacquesGasser,AngelaGraf-Nold,HenriGrivois,Malcolm ‘Mac’Macmillan,PatrickMahony,GeorgeMakari,MichaelNeve,Enrique Pardo,EugeneTaylor,MarvinW.Kranz,FernandoVidal,JulietteVieljeux andTomWallace.Wealsothankthoseinthepublicandprivatearchivesthat weworkedinfortheirassistance.WewouldliketothankPhilippePignarre, editor and friend, for his immediate interest in the project and valuable adviceduringthefinalstagesofitscomposition.AtCambridge University Press,wewouldliketothankAndyPeartfortakingontheproject,andHetty Marxforherpatiencewiththeendlessdelays. TheFrencheditionofthisworkappearedfromÉditionsduSeuilin2006. This edition has been revised and rewritten. We would like to thank John Peck for his editorial suggestions and Kelly S. Walsh for providing draft translations of chapter 3, and sections of chapters 2 and 4. His work on chapter 3 was made possible by a grant from the Graduate School of the UniversityofWashington,whichisgratefullyacknowledged. Citations from Anna Freud are reproduced with the authorisation of the heirsofAnnaFreud©2000theestateofAnnaFreud,byarrangementwith Mark Patterson and Associates. Translations of citations from French and Germanareourown.Insomeplaces,translationsfromtheStandardEdition of Freud’s works have been modified. Responsibility for views expressed hereisourown. Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 14.139.43.12 on Tue Oct 09 06:38:35 BST 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9780511979842 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 Cambridge Books Online http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ The Freud Files An Inquiry into the History of Psychoanalysis Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen, Sonu Shamdasani Book DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511979842 Online ISBN: 9780511979842 Hardback ISBN: 9780521509909 Paperback ISBN: 9780521729789 Chapter Introduction pp. 1-29 Chapter DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511979842.001 Cambridge University Press
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