The Ethics of Ability and Enhancement PDF
Preview The Ethics of Ability and Enhancement
J S L EPSON TUDIES IN EADERSHIP THE ETHICS OF ABILITY AND ENHANCEMENT EDITED BY JESSICA FLANIGAN AND TERRY L. PRICE Jepson Studies in Leadership Series Editors George R. Goethals Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond Richmond, Virginia USA J. Thomas Wren Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond Richmond, Virginia USA Thad Williamson Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond Richmond, Virginia USA Managing Editor Elizabeth DeBusk-Maslanka JepsonStudiesin Leadership isdedicatedto theinterdisciplinary pursuitof importantquestionsrelatedtoleadership.Initsapproach,theseriesreflects the broad-based commitment to the liberal arts of the University of Richmond’s Jepson School of Leadership Studies. The series thus aims to publishthebestworkonleadershipfromsuchfieldsaseconomics,English, history, philosophy, political science, psychology, and religion, and also contributionsfrom management and organizational studies. In addition to monographsandeditedcollectionsonleadership,includedintheseriesare volumes from the Jepson Colloquium, which bring together influential scholars from multiple disciplines to think collectively about distinctive leadership themes in politics, science, civil society, and corporate life. The booksintheseriesshouldbeofinteresttohumanistsandsocialscientists,as well as to organizational theorists and instructors teaching in business, leadership,andprofessionalprograms. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesat http://www.springer.com/series/14834 (cid:129) Jessica Flanigan Terry L. Price Editors The Ethics of Ability and Enhancement Editors JessicaFlanigan TerryL.Price JepsonSchoolofLeadershipStudies JepsonSchoolofLeadershipStudies UniversityofRichmond UniversityofRichmond Richmond,Virginia Richmond,Virginia USA USA JepsonStudiesinLeadership ISBN978-1-349-95302-8 ISBN978-1-349-95303-5 (eBook) DOI10.1057/978-1-349-95303-5 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017954436 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher, whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation, reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinany otherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationin thisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublisher northeauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerial contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Coverillustration:©stock_colors/GettyImages Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisNatureAmericaInc. Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:1NewYorkPlaza,NewYork,NY10004,U.S.A. A CKNOWLEDGMENTS Manyofthechaptersinthisvolumecameoutofanacademiccolloquiumon “Ability and Enhancement,” held at the Jepson School of Leadership Studies at the University of Richmond on April 7–8, 2016. The Jepson Colloquium was associated with a year-long Jepson Leadership Forum seriescalled“TheFix:Health,Science,andtheFuture.”Thelectureseries investigated overarching questions about human health and well-being, suchasthechallengesofglobalhealthandpoverty,geneticsandindividual decision-making, and the media’s role in public health. The editors are grateful to all the speakers in the Forum series, notably Dr. Wendy Chung, whose lecture, “Is the Future of Medicine in our DNA,” set the stage for two days of paper presentations and discussion. We are also grateful to all participants in the Colloquium, especially to those who submitted final papers for publication in this volume. To round out the coverageofthevolume,wesolicitedpapersfromseveralscholarsaddressing problemsofabilityandenhancement.Wethankthem,too,forallowingus toincludetheirwork. Large lectures series and academic colloquia require a great deal of support. Sandra J. Peart, dean of the Jepson School, was behind us from thestarttotheend,alwaysmakingsurewehadwhatweneededtoinclude theverybestpeopleworkinginhealthcareethics.Wegreatlyappreciateher intellectual and institutional support. The editors are indebted, as well, to two Jepson School staff members. Shannon Best not only handled all logistics for the Jepson Leadership Forum but also carefully managed every detail of the Colloquium. Moreover, she did so in a way that made v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS two complicated events work together seamlessly. Elizabeth DeBusk- Maslanka, managing editor for this book series, collected the results of our labors and enabled us to get the ideas into print. Faculty members, includingtheeditors,oftenneedhelphittingdeadlines,andElizabethkept rightusontrackwithdirectionthatwasalwayscalmandkind.Wearevery luckytohavesuchaccomplishedindividualsworkingwithusattheJepson School. Palgrave’sMarcus Ballenger served as oureditor from proposalto pub- lication. We thank him and all members of the Palgrave team who have supportedthisseriesovertheyears. Finally, our family members: Esme, Harper, Hartley, Javier, Lori, and Sofia.Tous,youareperfectasyouare. C ONTENTS 1 AbilityandEnhancement 1 JessicaFlanigan PartI AbilityinPerspective 7 2 TheorizingAboutHumanCapacity:AViewfrom theNineteenthCentury 9 SandraJ.PeartandDavidM.Levy 3 AMore“Inclusive”ApproachtoEnhancementand Disability 25 DavidWassermanandStephenM.Campbell PartII Disability 39 4 DisabilityandDoingJustice 41 ChristopherA.Riddle vii viii CONTENTS 5 Disability,Well-Being,and(In)AptEmotions 57 DanaHoward 6 KantianEthics,Well-Being,andDisability 79 JessicaFlanigan PartIII Aging 107 7 Dementia,AdvanceDirectives,andtheProblemof TemporalSelfishness 109 RyanW.Davis 8 HowOldIsOld?ChangingConceptionsofOldAge 135 ChristineOverall PartIV Enhancement 153 9 WhyParentsShouldEnhanceTheirChildren 155 ChristopherFreiman 10 CosmopolitanMoralEnhancement 173 JavierHidalgo Index 197 L F IST OF IGURES Fig.2.1 Dr.DulcamarainDublin 13 Fig.2.2 Slavey 20 ix
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