The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Specialties: a Step-By-Step Guide to Success, Second Edition

310 Pages·2016·9.52 MB·English

by  Akunjee, Muhammed, Nazmul, Jalali, Syed, Pimenta, Dominic, Siddiqui, Shoaib, Yilmaz, Dilsan

The Easy
Guide to
OSCEs
for Clinical Specialties
A Step-by-Step Guide to Success
Second Edition
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The Easy
Guide to
OSCEs
for Clinical Specialties
A Step-by-Step Guide to Success
Second Edition
Nazmul Akunjee, MBBS MRCGP
GP Principal, North London
Muhammed Akunjee, MBBS MRCGP PgCert (Diabetes) PgCert (MedEd)
GP Principal, North London
Syed Jalali
Foundation Year Doctor, Cardiff
Shoaib Siddiqui
Foundation Year Doctor, Brighton
Dominic Pimenta, BSc (Hons) MBBS MRCP
Medical Registrar, London
Dilsan Yilmaz, BSc (Hons) MBBS MRCS
Academic Clinical Fellow in General Surgery, London
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
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Version Date: 20160815
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-78523-120-9 (Paperback)
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Akunjee, Muhammed, author.
Title: The easy guide to OSCEs for specialties : a step-by-step guide to success / Muhammed Akunjee [and 5 others].
Description: Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2016]
Identifiers: LCCN 2016023637 | ISBN 9781785231209 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Clinical Medicine--methods | Problems and Exercises
Classification: LCC RC58 | NLM WB 18.2 | DDC 616.0076--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016023637
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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Contents
Preface to the First Edition vii
Foreword to the First Edition ix
Preface to the Second Edition xi
Mark Schemes xiii
1 Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1
1.1 Obstetrics History 2
1.2 Obstetric Examination 8
1.3 Urine Dipstick and Blood Pressure 17
1.4 Nuchal Scanning 22
1.5 Breast-f eeding 26
1.6 Rash-c ontact Counselling 31
1.7 Obstetric Emergencies 35
1.8 Gynaecological History 37
1.9 Bimanual Examination 43
1.10 Speculum Examination and Cervical Smear Test 47
1.11 Female Catheterisation 51
1.12 Ovarian Cyst 54
1.13 Miscarriage 57
1.14 Abortion 60
1.15 Ectopic Pregnancy 64
2 Sexual Health 69
2.1 Sexual History 70
2.2 HIV Test Counselling 78
2.3 Male Condom 81
2.4 Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill 84
2.5 Emergency Contraceptive Pill 89
2.6 Intramuscular Contraception 93
2.7 Contraceptive Implant 96
2.8 Intra-u terine Device (IUD) 99
3 Paediatrics 103
3.1 Paediatric History 104
3.2 Headache History 113
3.3 Neonatal Examination 116
3.4 Developmental Assessment 126
3.5 Cardiovascular Examination 131
3.6 Respiratory Examination 142
v
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Contents
3.7 Abdomen Examination 149
3.8 Gait and Neurological Function 157
3.9 Infant and Child Basic Life Support 163
3.10 Explaining Asthma to a Child 168
3.11 Explaining Jaundice 171
3.12 Explaining Immunisations 175
4 Dermatology 183
4.1 Dermatological History 184
4.2 Dermatological Examination 191
4.3 Advice on Sun Protection 199
4.4 Applying Sunscreen 203
5 Psychiatry 207
5.1 Depression 208
5.2 Hallucinations and Delusions 212
5.3 Assessing Suicide Risk 216
5.4 Assessing Alcohol Dependency 219
5.5 Assessing Mental State 222
5.5 Cognitive State Examination 225
6 Orthopaedics 229
6.1 Back Examination 230
6.2 Shoulder Examination 237
6.3 Elbow Examination 243
6.4 Hand Examination 246
6.5 Hip Examination 252
6.6 Knee Examination 258
6.7 Ankle and Foot Examination 266
7 On the Wards 271
7.1 Surgical Pain Relief Management 272
7.2 Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) 275
7.3 Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) 277
7.4 Chronic Pain Management 281
7.5 Nausea and Vomiting Management 285
7.6 Dyspnoea Management 289
7.7 Constipation Management 292
vi
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Preface to the First Edition
Following on from the unprecedented success of The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Final Year Medical
Students, which was commended in the BMA Book Competition 2008, we have been inundated
with requests from medical students and doctors alike to continue the series. This second book,
The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Specialties, has drawn from and built upon the strengths of its
predecessor and applied it to the diverse nature of medical specialties.
Specialties are playing an increasing role in the medical curriculum following the introduc-
tion of the foundation year programme. Junior doctors are now expected to be competent in
a wide range of different skills in medical fields including obstetrics, paediatrics, geriatrics,
anaesthetics and palliative care. For this reason medical schools are now standardising OSCEs
in specialties and making them an essential component for qualifying as a competent junior
doctor. Amongst medical students, OSCEs in specialty subjects are notorious for being the
most difficult to prepare for due to the lack of a book dedicated to the subject. We have written
The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Specialties to fill this void and ease the already burdensome work-
load of medical students.
The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Specialties has been compiled by recently qualified doctors who
have experienced the new OSCE system first hand. Drawing on the success of the first book
and taking into account feedback from students and doctors, this book has been written in a
fresh style covering over 80 OSCE examination stations in a wide range of different subjects.
We have maintained the style and approach of the first book, which was well embraced by
medical students and examiners alike.
This book is unique in its own right, covering medical specialties including obstetrics, gyn-
aecology, sexual health, paediatrics, dermatology, rheumatology, orthopaedics, emergency
medicine, anaesthetics, geriatrics, patient discharge, palliative care, and the all-important
communication skills. We have inserted a larger number of time-saving, student-friendly mne-
monics, more vivid diagrams and extra clinical conditions to aid the revision process. We have
also added end-of-OSCE station case summaries to simulate the information a student would
be expected to glean and present to the examiners under exam conditions.
This book, in conjunction with its companion, The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Final Year Medical
Students, should provide a step-by-step guide to OSCE success. We hope that these books will
provide essential reading for medical students of all years and in particular help those who are
facing the daunting prospect of OSCE examinations.
Muhammed Akunjee, Syed Jalali, and Shoaib Siddiqui
November 2008
vii
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Foreword to the First Edition
End of year OSCE examinations for specialties prove to be a sticking point for a number of
medical students, not least due to the vast array of specialty subjects students need to read,
digest and practise, but also due to the lack of any single comprehensive text on the subject. The
Easy Guide to OSCEs for Specialties, with its innovative approach, well-researched material and
breadth of knowledge, provides the student with a firm foundation to tackle the often difficult
OSCE scenarios head on.
In keeping with the approach of the popular The Easy Guide to OSCEs for Final Year Medical
Students, this book maintains and improves on it in many ways. There are an increased number
of vibrant illustrations, boxes of facts and differentials in addition to well thought-out, clini-
cally-relevant case summaries.
The book also deals in depth with a wide range of difficult communication skill stations,
giving students an excellent framework to approach such scenarios in full confidence, both
under exam conditions and in real life.
We are sure that this book will be rewarding for medical students and examiners alike. We
believe that it is essential reading for any student wishing to excel in their exams.
Graham Boswell MBBS FRCP
Consultant Physician
Medical OSCEs and PACES Examiner
Trust Foundation Programme Director, Hywel Dpa Trust
Steve Riley MB BCh MRCP MD Dip Med Ed
Consultant Nephrologist and General Physician University Hospital of Wales
November 2008
ix
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