The Development of Grammar in Spanish and The Romance Languages

164 Pages·2003·0.503 MB·

by  Eduardo D. Faingold (auth.)

The Development of
Grammar in Spanish and
the Romance Languages
Eduardo D. Faingold
The Development of Grammar in Spanish and the
Romance Languages

The Development of
Grammar in Spanish and
the Romance Languages
Eduardo D. Faingold
University of Tulsa
© Eduardo D. Faingold 2003
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003 978-1-4039-0052-4
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First published 2003 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-50735-1 ISBN 978-0-230-00621-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230006218
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Faingold, Eduardo D.
The development of grammar in Spanish and the Romance languages/
Eduardo D. Faingold.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1–4039–0052–3
1. Language acquisition. 2. Creole dialects. 3. Historical linguistics.
4. Romance languages—Grammar, Historical. I. Title.
P118.F354 2003
401′.93—dc21
2003040544
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03
Magistro meo Carolo Iacobo hunc librum dono

Contents
List of Figure and Tables ix
Acknowledgements xii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Theoretical background and assumptions 1
1.2 Aims of the book 2
1.3 Research procedures 3
1.4 A model of markedness 3
1.5 Outline for the book 8
2 Articles: A Result of Natural Morphological Processes
inFirstLanguage Acquisition, Creolization, and
Language History 10
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Sources of data 16
2.3 The acquisition, creolization, and history of
the article system 18
2.4 The natural development of the article system 31
2.5 Summary and conclusions 37
3 Demonstrative Pronouns: A Source of Definite
ArticlesinHistory 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 The data: from classical Latin to the
Romance languages 40
3.3 Demonstratives and indefinite articles in
Latin and the Romance languages 41
3.4 The grammaticalization of the definite
article from Latin 48
3.5 Summary and conclusions 52
4 Prepositions and Adverbs: Similar Development
PatternsinFirstand Second Language Acquisition 54
4.1 Introduction 54
4.2 Applying a developmental model of markedness 54
vii
viii Contents
4.3 Sources of data 57
4.4 Spatial prepositions and temporal adverbs
in first and second language acquisition 59
4.5 Spatial prepositions and temporal adverbs
in developmental morphology 66
4.6 Summary and conclusions 68
5 Subjunctive Verbs: A Result of Natural Grammatical
Processes in First Language Acquisition, Second Language
Learning, Language Variation, and Language History 70
5.1 Introduction 70
5.2 Applying the developmental model of markedness 70
5.3 Sources of data 71
5.4 The acquisition, learning, variation, and
history of mood 72
5.5 The development of mood 84
5.6 Summary and conclusions 90
6 The Mental Representation of Linguistic Markedness:
Cognitive Aspects of the Spanish Subjunctive 91
6.1 Introduction 91
6.2 The Spanish present and past subjunctive:
cognitive aspects of markedness 95
6.3 The future subjunctive in Spanish: cognitive
aspects of markedness 107
6.4 Summary and conclusions 117
7 Summary and Conclusion 119
Appendices 125
References 138
Index 145
List of Figure and Tables
Figure
6.1 The future subjunctive in the Argentine Civil Code
(before1884) and its Appendix (after 1884) 116
Tables
1.1 A developmental model of markedness 5
2.1 English-based creoles: articles in Hawaiian creole 14
2.2 English-based creoles: articles in Sranan 15
2.3 A developmental typology of linguistic systems 18
2.4 A revised developmental typology of
linguistic systems 18
2.5 Errors of segmentation by English-speaking children 20
2.6 Errors of segmentation by Spanish- and
Portuguese-speaking children 20
2.7 Speaker-specific and listener-specific errors 21
2.8 English-speaking children aged 3: speaker
specific and listener non-specific 22
2.9 French-speaking children aged 3 to 9:
speaker specific and listener non-specific 22
2.10 Romance-based creoles 24
2.11 History: articles in the Romance languages 29
2.12 Spanish/Portuguese-based koines: articles in
Judeo-Ibero-Romance 30
2.13 Spanish/Portuguese-based fusion: articles
in Fronterizo 32
2.14 Fusion in the article system of Fronterizo 32
2.15 The article system in child language, creolization,
and language history 33
2.16 A typology of article systems 34
2.17 Hierarchy of markedness for article systems 34
2.18 A hierarchy of article systems 35
2.19 Markedness criteria 35
ix