The Development of Attachment and Affiliative Systems

316 Pages·1982·6.53 MB·English

by  Gene P. Sackett (auth.)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF
ATTACHMENT
AND
AFFILIATIVE SYSTEMS
TOPICS IN DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
Series Editor: Robert N. Emde
Universily of Colorado School of Medicine
Denver, Colorado
The Development of Attachment and Affiliative Systems
Edited by Robert N. Emde and Robert J. Harmon
THE DEVELOPMENT OF
ATTACHMENT
AND
AFFILIATIVE SYSTEMS
Edited by
Robert N. Emde
and
J.
Robert Harmon
University of Colorado Medical Center
Denver, Colorado
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in PublicationData
Main entry under title:
The Development of attachment and affiliative systems.
(Topics in developmental psychobiology)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Parent and child. 2. Infant psychology. 3. Developmental psychobiology. I. Emde,
Robert N. II. Harmon, Robert John, 1946. . III. Series.
BFnO.P37D33 115.4'22 82-3818
ISBN -13: 978-1-4684-4078-2 e-ISBN -13: 978-1-4684-4076-8
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-4076-8
©1982 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1982
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Contributors
Nicholas Anastasiow • Special Education Program, Hunter College of the
City of New York, New York, New York
Nancy A. Busch-Rossnagel • Department of Human Development and
Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Perry M. Butterfield • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Joseph J. Campos • Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Den
ver, Colorado
Thomas Z. Cassel • Plymouth Center for Human Development, Northville,
Michigan
Patricia F. Chappell • Division of Psychiatry, Boston University Medical
Center, Boston, Massachusetts
J. P. Connell • Graduate School of Education and Human Development
and Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester,
New York
Linda 5. Crnic • Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School
of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Rex E. Culp • Department of Human Development and Family Studies,
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Robert N. Emde • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
v
vi CONTRIBUTORS
Mark Frank • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of
Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Janet J. Fritz • Department of Human Development and Family Studies,
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Ann M. Frodi • Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Roch
ester, New York
Majt Frodi • Department of Psychology, University of Goteborg, Goteborg,
Sweden
Theodore Gaensbauer • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado
Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
H. Hill Goldsmith. Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Aus
tin, Texas
Marshell M. Haith • Department of Psychology, University of Denver,
Denver, Colorado
Robert J. Harmon • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Clare F. Haynes. C. Henry Kempe Center for the Treatment and Preven
tion of Child Abuse and Neglect, 1205 Oneida Street, Denver, Colorado
Carl-Phillip Hwang • Department of Psychology, University of Goteborg,
Goteborg, Sweden
I. Charles Kaufman. Veterans Administration Medical Center, 4150
Clement Street, San Francisco, California
Melvin Konner • 80 Hammond Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Michael E. Lamb • Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Pediatrics,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
George A. Morgan. Department of Human Development and Family
Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Sandy Naiman • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School
of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
CONTRIBUTORS vii
Betty Jean Pannabecker • University of Colorado School of Medicine,
Denver, Colorado
Martin L. Reite • Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School
of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Gene P. Sackett. Department of Psychology, Regional Primate Research
Center, and Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, Uni
versity of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Louis W. Sander • Division of Child Psychiatry, University of Colorado
Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado
David W. Shucard • Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Patricia A. Snyder • Division of Psychiatry, Boston University Medical
Center, Boston, Massachusetts
James F. Sorce • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School
of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Jamie Steinberg • School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan
Marilyn J. Svejda • Parent-child Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Katherine Tennes • Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Paola S. Timiras • Department of Physiology-Anatomy, University of Cali
fornia, Berkeley, California
Annette K. Vance • Department of Human Development and Family Stud
ies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Antonia Vernadakis • Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Uni
versity of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
Ted D. Wade • University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Central
Laboratory, Denver, Colorado
Preface
The "Development of Attachment and Affiliative Systems" was selected as
the topic for a three-day workshop held at Estes Park, Colorado, in May,
1980. The papers which resulted from this effort not only reflect a recent
intensity of research in this area, but also highlight a mounting need for ask
ing questions across disciplines and for integrating theories. The sponsor of
the workshop was the Developmental Psychobiology Research Group
(DPRG) of the Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Medical
School, a group which itself is interdisciplinary and which has met regularly
since 1969 to criticize research, ask questions, and discuss findings. In 1974,
the Group was awarded an endowment fund by the Grant Foundation after a
request for a proposal initiated by Philip Sapir and Douglas Bond. The aims
of this fund are to facilitate the research of young investigators, to encourage
new research, and to provide seed money for collaborative ventures. Much of
what is reported here results from that support. Thus, happily, not only are
the contributions timely by virtue of converging on an important topic, but
they also commemorate more than five years of Grant Foundation support.
Once the topic was chosen, a small number of guests were invited to
participate. The papers of Timiras, Sackett, Konner, and Lamb represent dif
fering perspectives from neurobiology, primatology, cultural anthropology,
and social psychology. Contributions from DPRG members add perspectives
from psychiatry, pediatrics, developmental and clinical psychology, and be
havioral genetics. According to plan, some of the papers of this interdiscipli
nary forum represent original work, others are theoretical, and still others
suggest new approaches.
Because we have obtained volume commentaries from two senior inves
tigators, we will not offer an overview of our own. A conceptual orientation to
the topic can be found in the introductions of many of the individual chap
ters. Further, if we have done our editorial work appropriately, each chapter
can be understood as a self-contained piece.
ix
x PREFACE
In addition to the Grant Foundation, we would like to acknowledge the
encouragement and support of a number of key individuals. Rene Spitz was
an active participant in the early days of the DPRG, and his active question
ing, vigor, and enthusiasm in the last years of his life have been an inspiration
for our group which persists to the present. I. Charles Kaufman, an original
member of the DPRG who provided the leadership for our group in its early
days, was, in many ways, its prime mover. Although he is no longer in Den
ver, he is still an important colleague. Donald Stilson gave invaluable statisti
cal advice for design and data presentation on many studies reported in this
volume. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the outstanding administra
tive and secretarial assistance of Maxine Conlon on various aspects of this
volume.
ROBERT N. EMDE
J.
ROBERT HARMON
Contents
PART I PERSPECTIVES FROM PRIMATE BEHAVIOR AND NEUROBIOLOGY
Chapter 1
Can Single Processes Explain Effects of Postnatal Influences on
Primate Development? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Gene P. Sackett
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
The Nongenerality of Isolation Rearing Effects 5
Effects of the Fetus on Its Mother . 8
Conclusions 11
Abstract . 11
References . 11
Chapter 2
Infant Monkeys' Achievement of Temporal Coherence with Their
Social Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13
Clare F. Haynes, Ted D. Wade, and Thomas Z. Cassell
Introduction . . . . . . . . 13
The Research Problem . 13
A Primate Model ... 15
The Social Group as an Organized Population 15
Method .............. . 16
The Group and Its Environment . 16
Observational Protocol. . . . 17
xi