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The Craft Reader PDF

647 Pages·2018·134.174 MB·English
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THE CRAFT READER TUE ADACT I n C v i t M r I EDITED BY GLENN ADAMSON BLOOMSBURY VISUAL ARTS BLOOMSBURY VISUAL ARTS Bloomsbury Publishing Pic 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA BLOOMSBURY, BLOOMSBURY VISUAL ARTS and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Pic First published in Great Britain by Berg Publishers 2010 Reprinted by Bloomsbury Academic 2016 (twice), 2017 This edition published by Bloomsbury Visual Arts 2018 Reprinted 2019 (twice) Copyright © Glenn Adamson, 2010 Glenn Adamson has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. For legal purposes the Acknowledgements on p. xi constitute an extension of this copyright page. Cover design: William Joseph Cover image © (Front cover) Otto Hagel, Marguerite Wildenhain Showing The Motion of Hands Making a Pot, ca. 1945. Marguerite Wildenhain papers. Archives of American Art. (Spine) W. A. S. Benson, Electric table lamp, ca. 1900. Brass. Victoria and Albert Museum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Bloomsbury Publishing Pic does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third-party websites referred to or in this book. All internet addresses given in this book were correct at the time of going to press. The author and publisher regret any inconvenience caused if addresses have changed or sites have ceased to exist, but can accept no responsibility for any such changes. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN: PB: 978-1-3500-9264-8 Typeset by Apex Co Vantage, LLC, Madison, WI, USA Printed and bound in Great Britain To find out more about our authors and books visit www.bloomsbury.com and sign up for our newsletters. CONTENTS Acknowledgements xi Note on the Texts xiii Introduction 1 SECTION 1: HOW-TO Section Introduction 9 1. ‘Introductory Remarks’, from The Teachers Otto Salomon 11 Handbook ofSlöjd 2. Elements of Handicraft and Design WAS. Benson 16 3. The Wheelwright’s Shop George Sturt 22 4. On Weaving Anni Albers 29 5. Primitive Pottery Hal Riegger 34 SECTION 2: CRAFT AND THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Section Introduction 43 6. On the Economy of Machines and Manufactures Charles Babbage 48 7. Artisans and Machinery Peter Gaskell 55 8. ‘How an Arisrocracy May Emerge from Alexis de 61 Industry, from Democracy in America Tocqueville 9. Industrial Biography: Iron Workers Samuel Smiles 65 and Tool Makers 10. Capital Karl Marx 69 11. ‘The Primary Effects of Scientific Management’, Harry Braverman 78 from Labor and Monopoly Capitalism 12. The Workshop of the World: Steam Power Raphael Samuel 83 and Hand Technology in Mid-Victorian Britain 13. Technological Innovation and Design Economics Michael Ettema 92 in Furniture Manufacture 14. Artistic America Siegfried Bing 99 15. In the Cause of Architecture: The Architect Frank Lloyd Wright 107 and the Machine 16. Art and the Machine Hermann 111 Muthesius 17. Building Materials Adolf Loos 115 18. Handwerk/Kunsthandwerk Stefan Muthesius 120 SECTION 3: MODERN CRAFT: IDEALISM AND REFORM Section Introduction 135 19. ‘The Nature of Gothic’, from John Ruskin 139 The Stones of Venice 20. The Revival of Handicraft William Morris 146 21. Art and Labor Ellen Gates Starr 156 22. Art and Workmanship WR. Lethaby 161 23. ‘Slogans’, ‘The Work Ahead of Us’ and ‘The Problem Vladimir Tatlin 164 of the Relationship between Man and Object’ 24. ‘The Way of Craftsmanship’, from The Unknown Sôetsu Yanagi 167 Craftsman: A Japanese Insight into Beauty 25. A Potter’s Book Bernard Leach 177 26. Initiation and the Crafts René Guénon 186 27. Indian Handicrafts Kamaladevi 192 Chattopadhyay 28. ‘The Relation of the Past to the Demands of the Present’, 199 World Crafts Conference proceedings (1964) 29. Centering M. C. Richards 206 30. Introduction to Craftsman Lifestyle: The Gentle Revolution Eudorah Moore 214 31. The Soul of a Tree George Nakashima 219 32. The Long Shadow of William Morris: Paradigmatic EdwardS. Cooke, Jr. 226 Problems of Twentieth-Century American Furniture SECTION 4: THE PERSISTENCE OF CRAFT IN THE AGE OF MASS PRODUCTION Section Introduction 239 33. Shoemaker of Dreams Salvatore 244 Ferragamo 34. Crafting Grand Cru Chocolates in Contemporary France Susan J. Terrio 253 35. From Peasant to Artisan: Motor Mechanics Sara Berry 263 in a Nigerian Town 36. Destiny World: Textile Casualties in Southern Nigeria David T. Doris 272 37. On a Particular Kind of Love and the Sergei Alasheev 287 Specificity of Soviet Production 38. Original Copies Philip Tinari 297 39. ‘What Is Cybernetics?’, from Norbert Wiener 303 The Human Use of Humans 40. Abstracting Craft: The Practiced Malcolm 310 Digital Hand McCullough 41. ‘Digital Artisans Manifesto’, European Digital Artisans Richard Barbrook 317 Network and Pit Schultz 42. Craft versus Design: Moving Beyond a Tired Dichotomy Rafael Cardoso 321 SECTION 5: CRAFT IN THEORY: AESTHETICS, ESSENCE, STATUS Section Introduction 335 43. The Nature and Art of Workmanship David Pye 341 44. ‘The Genesis of the Technical Object: The Process Gilbert 354 of Concretization’, from Du Mode ^Existence des Objets Simondon Techniques 45. ‘Forms in the Realms of Matter’, from The Life Henri Focillon 360 of Forms in Art 46. Rhythm Elsie Fogerty 366 47. The Mande Blacksmiths: Knowledge, Power and Art in Patrick R. 372 West Africa McNaughton 48. African Art: Where the Hand Has Ears Amadou 379 Hâmpaté Bâ 49. Walter Benjamin: Traces of Craft Esther Leslie 386 50. Functionalism Today Theodor Adorno 395 51. The Thing Martin Heidegger 404 52. Rappel a l’Ordre: The Case for the Tectonic Kenneth Frampton 409 53. ‘Art and Craft’, from The Principles of Art R. G. Collingwood 417 54. Art and Work Harold Rosenberg 424 55. ‘Comment’ and Responses John Bentley Mays 430 56. Curatorial Comment from The Makers Eye Alison Britton 441 57. How Envy Killed the Crafts Garth Clark 445 SECTION 6: CRAFT IN ACTION: LIFE, ART, DESIGN Section Introduction 457 58. The Enchantment of Technology and the Technology Alfred Gell 464 of Enchantment 59. Making Something from Nothing (Toward a Definition Lucy Lippard 483 of Women’s ‘Hobby Art’) 60. ‘The Creation of Femininity, from The Subversive Stitch: Rozsika Parker 491 Embroidery and the Making of the Feminine 61. There’s No Place Like Home: Home Dressmaking Carole Tulloch 501 and Creativity in the Jamaican Community of the 1940s to the 1960s 62. House-Trained Objects: Notes Towards Writing Tanya Harrod 512 an Alternative History of Modern Art 63. The New Ceramic Presence Rose Slivka 525 64. How I Spent My Summer Vacation or, Art and Politics in Philip Leider 534 Nevada, Berkeley, San Francisco and Utah 65. Some Notes on the Phenomenology of Making: Robert Morris 540 The Search for the Motivated 66. The Art of Encounter Lee Ufan 548 67. Let the Artisans Craft Our Future Grayson Perry 552 68. ‘Manifesto of the Bauhaus Walter Gropius 554 and ‘Education and the Bauhaus’ and Laszlo Moholy-Nagy 69. Shaping America’s Products Don Wallance 559 70. Asilomar Conference Proceedings 1957 Marguerite 569 Wildenhain and Charles Eames 71. ‘The New Handicrafts/ from Hot House Andrea Branzi 577 SECTION 7: CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES Section Introduction 585 72. Affectivity and Entropy: Production Aesthetics Johanna Drucker 588 in Contemporary Sculpture 73. ‘Craftsmen in the Factory of Images, from Tami Katz-Freiman 596 BoysCrafi 74. And What Is Your Title? Zandra Ahi 606 75. Craft Hard, Die Free: Radical Curatorial Strategies Anthea Black 609 for Craftivism in Unruly Contexts and Nicole Burisch 76. The Politics of Craft: A Roundtable Julia Bryan-Wilson, 620 Liz Collins, Sabrina Gschwandtner, Cat Mazza and Allison Smith Recommended Bibliography 629 List of Illustrations 632 Index 637

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