The Complexity of Adolescent Obesity: Causes, Correlates, and Consequences PDF
Preview The Complexity of Adolescent Obesity: Causes, Correlates, and Consequences
The Complexity of Adolescent Obesity The Complexity of Adolescent Obesity Causes, Correlates, and Consequences Vash Causes, Correlates, and Consequences Vash The Complexity of Adolescent Obesity Causes, TCheo rrerseelaartcehs c, oanntadin eCdo inn stheisq vuaelunacbeles compendium offers a much-needed perspective on Vash The research contained in this valuable compendium offers a much-needed perspective on one of the most dangerous health crises our world faces today: obesity. Obesity has one of the most dangerous health crises our world faces today: obesity. Obesity has T become an epidemic, a fact frequently discussed in the media, with many references to Th The COMPLEXITY The rbeseecaormche caonn etapinideedm inic ,t hais f avactl ufarebqleu ecnotmlyp deinsdcuiusmse do fifner tsh ae mmuecdhia-n, eweidthe dm paenrys preecfetirveen ocnes to h The COMPLEXITY both childhood obesity and adult. These discussions, however, overlook an important e one obf oththe cdmheoimldsoth dgoaroandpg hoeibrcoe:u stsiht yeh eaaandldtoh l aecsdrciuseelnt.st Towhuhero swe i osd riolsdbc uefasssecie oosn rt soo,d vhaeoryww: eoevbigeehrs,t i.to yIv.n eO rthlboieso skbi toyao nhk ai,m st hpeo ratautnhto rs offer T e becomdeem aong erapipdheimc:i cth, ea afadcotl efrsecqeunet nwtlhyo d iiss coubsseesde oinr tohvee mrweediigah, tw. iInth tmhias nbyo orekf,e trheen caeust htoo rs offer h CThe COMPLEXITY critical insights into the forces and factors that result in the numerous metabolic and C both ccrhiitlidcahol ionds iogbhetss iitnyt oa nthde a fdourclte. sT haensde fdaicstcoursss itohnast ,r heosuwlte ivne rt,h oev neurlmooekro auns immeptoarbtaonlict and e O demopgsryacphphoislcyo:cg thhicoeal ola gcdioocnlaeslse ccqeounnets newcqheuose onisfc oeasbd eoosflee a socdreo noletv seocrbewenest iiotgybh.et.s Iinty .this book, the authors offer O C M cprsiyticchaTolh lieon gsbiiTcogcohaohenltk s sc b edoionqentoulosvkee e tnqhdscu eeieen lsfvnto oecors ecft hseian esodt ofapo narlteheddsve ocfa alepelcenrstencto evcoranesb ,tle te hocsnaabicttuyee ,rss, eie atcsysnau. adlutn sgiednos tcehaosen ro rdnen ulc amtootree rpsre,or leauasstnee dmsn, te i mactaonpbndlois ciilmadicte piaorlainnctdsaio tainonsnd fs o ar nfudt ure O M oof fA ADDOOLELESSCCEENNTT P conseaqcutieonnc.e Ts hoef raedsoealerscche netx opbloerseisty ,m aanndy goof eths eo cna tuos epsr eosfe antd coolenssciednetr aotbioensist yf,o irn fculutudrien g M PC The baocotiko dn.e lTvhees irnetsoe athrec hp reexvpalloernecse m, caanuys eosf athned ccaoursreelsa otefs a, daonlde sicmepnlti coabtieosnitsy ,a inndc luding C aL of ADOLESCENT cainoccntrioseenaifsnrqe.se cudeTqredeheun neaeifscctn resonareecedentsrqrlds eyyseuoe un ;aceafa mt eosnacraeapcnttrdlidhtystyvioiu n o;icelta mgeineoxecs appnsthocit,sltveifi oigun isonhtrumhgitneie c-g os psfhho hab,tmi fi gtea soc,hauhs sanciinc -tg rhTfyhyobahV,e f oto a aa ,chhw fspna ciy tga,dhTrhd bhVt ceercgo oaa hcocwnhtpiaaeenvya,r us egdsbt cscnno rooeahaainsnhenitc nvenytodkoegd tfs ,s n v;r pnaa aaiieareddnnteaenceoddst ktolie ,s ensv r nns;agegi atcdnea a eccteaddomnokot iotsnirel ny; geoss mg ieaa;bad audmeltceaoctsicrielchionayetks,y g st ; m,iast oo oliticaubnfonoc ccsclon ee khflu sfua m,osftod sorirttubifio o,t nf cilnoudaoeghu t snn uf,ft;a d orr tviioes otnitti ogo,doc iorsanlfea;a n avnisdnitscg, cee tioradl;ea on aan dnsc edetod; o a ndCau PLEausesLEXuses,EXI epAfsEthreadoeBedsilqO itiececulynoydtEepAPMUeh tmmae donaaBTebestitlcramO litdyeiyyTcceclk iyre oe;yHdaUectEepAPMa rhsmmeDa rnaaedocEcsTBbeseal iicstt.ailm , Oae ybiitde Eti CTcvceckiVlem lleniyrDeiHo yeadeUecdta ir gsiim mnrDan nIaecEnusasTbTs c tilishcech .am,n eOaebye,E CTcanik, drVem lnlgeDes H e ttaReed aMoi tuahrsiw indrnnIcEnuvsracs-nTscoD tsiifeehhe c,nedaOebae,E clsan , ,rdlem lnlta tmD - e ,FttRotdM oMio ta osi enwidcrIenu ravrn T lhcTPDgdossleeecandOoeVee,Haicalns,n dc lnwal tm-nFttlRd,aoMwt o top o eiwicd lreFzvorr a,p alP osp gdlAeeesfaotcrl,H ecclsdraoio Ctnolwco hthml- rn,ofltdnaovE v iieoe iecnreFvo olrizs, pda-gegdA AsslpfaedAu reeonl aiCdrtnomocaemrhlirsonld er,asnfnE seev veiei,cn ilTsezd , ori sp saeat Adhp-ite t,slAhcrdl avu neodreomfoaaaiseoonmdrdr rfnsnt,sevnCtovie ei ee,df ooriTsssCd aAood -iet aslfhtcsdamrul fmeho sin gaeeefennmasrariodraan,sp onlitgsti C eco, d m eTscl C fgAoa evdeaiasiohtelarlfilh.xy ssinm tfem esfnati sPae odi;tsaa oiiorl rytspCcol l goscci iranfoaedlv oaceiofge vcafeselessofm rfmki.xsl t Peeste fyi Aaaiss ioarrots ploCigolsydiasnrbf el r ircfglnoe vlnvi oeseheonorid.exlusstf e e fifais l fect c ytsroArsoCMolayasei cotrda irnlrllievi oee deocntnooEenendshfsnidfnll ex;ctti ey Al c dMcvataeiO r sinoidaofserlncgeo cscnnobclEeeieldrrhrtlyde nle naenii e.anc dascxnttrstlii ooso teecntcO Ueylnefcsleeoeod sC;rtb ingen lir asyanLe xtit .tAls anos teOt Udinls fsoto,s Cyb glri yLes ii.sAs sa tisa t ,yn i sis a a nses, Correlates, of XITY AD, Correlates, anof ITY ADO Correlates, andof TY ADO CauCseaCsu,a sCeusos,er rCse,o laCrtroeersOlra, etaelansOBtd,e asOC,nE oBadnn SsBCdEeo qICnuESToseennSqsYIceueTqesInuTYceenYsces Peter D. Vbaoshar, dM-cDe,r tMifiPedH ,i nFtAerCnEis,t Aspsseicsitaalnizt iCnlgin iinc ael nPdroocfersinsoorlo ogfy M aenddi cmineet aabt oUliCsmLA a nd a Diplomat in a d L MbOobeadersidbOacit-aonycblda e eMC rrssdte(OaeiieNtf-ndnyricbetv iAdeecMdeer riSs sdtn ieiieSan ftedyiorOnt.eevi ndcdMHer) i .n dtnFe iheiDne esdeoittl.rsle i. no sBc Hrt pViwhontneheaeai e sceo sir.tpsih fd a B saH tt lpwhohsoiezeteaefo i cp i nrtrspAihdrkga aetem s hlossi i zneiieNtfnd i rptnep eoihpcrgnnareeartd ts his inNvtooni daApc fAo eetrrtemrsinhnents dehstpeoo i oorrdclAAioacficea mgmrcatnithtynineiteoe c or oraen SiilAcfnc o o waoadtmgchnfn iiy etme eC h S rStaAe lyioiopcntn cmaacfadiiocbiente eiramot er tySlyitln h cieoE sotaftesmncaof n idsSbrB e auoStotatuyfhncolrfd ierdeiscoaiy rm nifSatei ronoB tt iuaylgDcfao d n OiorgPfpydirhfia lobs ooyBattmersmsfa i,s iDc Ociraoit iisiyPtaabpb haintelenroy ssis cm siitit yycPa i htaa yinnnssdi c ians nd COLE ConLESConsESC (NASSO). Dr. Vash works in private practice with patients suffering from obesity and o sCe and servede aotnin tgh ed Bisooardrde rosf athned Nhaosr thle cAtumreerdic eaxnt eSnoscivieetlyy fnoar ttihoen aSltluyd ayn odf iOntbeernsiatyti onally on the medicanl Se qE (NASeSaOtin).g mD dar.in sVaoagrsdehem rwse onartn kadsn ihdna tpsrr eliaevcatmttueer epndtr a oecfxt iotcebene wssiivittyeh.l ypH aneta ihetinaotsns absluelyeff nea rnaindng ii nnfrtvoeirmtend ao tbeioxenpsiaetylrl yta wnoidntn tehses mtoe sdpiceaalk sCqEuN management and treatment of obesity. He has been an invited expert witness to speak e uNe eating disobredfeorrse a an dS ehnaast ele scutubrceodm emxtiettneseiv aenlyd n tahteio FnTaCll yc oanncde rinntienrgn amtieodniaclalyl wone itghhet -mloesds iicsaslu es and theq Ee n manabgeefomresena atf e aStnye dna antrtdeea istmmubpecanoct mto ofm fo ictbtoeemesi mtay.ne dHrc eitha hel a wFsTe bCige hecnto- nlaocnses r innpvirnoitgeg drma eemxdpsi.ce aHrtl e ww hietanigse hswst- rtlioott sessnp i esfoasuuke r sb aonodk st:h Teh e Faut NnTcT safety and impact of commercial weight-loss programs. He has written four books: The Fat e c e before a Steon aMteu ssculbec Domiemt, itTtehee aDnidet ethre's FDTiCc tcioonnaceryr,n iAn gM maettdeirc aolf wFaeitg: hAt- Plohsys siiscsiuaens's a Pnrdo gthrea m, and Losen e sO safetyto a MnduI tis mcalpnea dDc Kti eoetfe, pcTo hImte OmDefifer.ct eiHare'ls w hDaeiiscg tshioet-rnlvoaesrdsy ,po Arno Mgthreaa tmbteosr.a oHrdfe Fohafa tSs: hAwa rPpithetey nms ifacoigauanr z'bsi noPeor,ko swg: rrTaithmine,g F ananut dm Leoroseu s cTsO It and Keep It Off. He has served on the board of Shape magazine, writing numerous e B to Muscle aDriteict,l eTsh ree gDaierdteirn'sg Dhiecatilothn,a friytn, eAs sM, aanttde rw oefi gFhatt :p Aro Pbhleymsics.ia Dnr'.s VParoshg rhaams, waonrdk eLdo scel osely in sO B It andca orKtniecseluecplsto a Inrttei soOugnlaft afrw.dt iHiiotnheng th whhaeiets ha ms lettehhrde,v i efamidt n(e ToedVnsi,sa ,tr h (aaeTdn Vbid,oo r,waa preddriiig onoh,tf )t p, S prahirinaodtpb)i,nel ega mm itdhsai.egn Dmgarz .twi hnVeieatmh,s wh iwn rhfiiottahirns mg iwn afnootuirormkmnee adart onicoudlnos saenlyd i n B EES articles regeaxrpdliannga htieoanlsth o, ff iitsnseusess, raengda wrdeiinggh to pbreosbitlye mans.d D era. tVinagsh d hisaosr dweorrsk. eHde c ilso sceulryr einn tly the Executive S ceoxpnslaueMnlxtaaepttdiliaooicMcnnnals aienwl todiiDiocfti hi cnirias nestsh l cu oSeDteofo ismriur s ertoeshecufdget eoitrahasrnr e rd(o CTeLifVng iant,ghal dir erfoaood bLdrriianneinogi sdaM,i t o.oyperb rdaaieni nscMtdi)at, ye le a dCaaiidtnlciiinandngil g ce Cs dat,lhi tisitnehnoimegcrds l,dwea itrrishstgoh.e e r Hidslnatee fr aorgissrne.m d csHu at oertairl odneisnedn stc altouy nml rdtdrheee edsn titE clmyxa eelt hcdwueicte iEavigxel he wct-euloitgisvhse t -loss ES ITITY EditEodritor Medicclainl iDc iirne cStooru tohfe trhne CLianldifoorran iMa.edical Clinics, the largest and oldeISstB mNe:d i9c7al8 w-1e-ig7h7t1-lo8s8s- 097-8 IT Y Editor Peter D. Vash, MD clinic in Southern California. ISBN: 978-1-77188-097-890000 Y Peter D. Vash, MD 90000 ISBN: 978-1-77188-097-8 Peter D. Vash, MD 90000 9 781771 880978 9 781771 880978 9 781771 880978 www.appleacademicpress.com THE COMPLEXITY OF ADOLESCENT OBESITY Causes, Correlates, and Consequences THE COMPLEXITY OF ADOLESCENT OBESITY Causes, Correlates, and Consequences Edited by Peter D. Vash, MD, MPH Apple Academic Press TORONTO NEW JERSEY CRC Press Apple Academic Press, Inc Taylor & Francis Group 3333 Mistwell Crescent 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Oakville, ON L6L 0A2 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 Canada © 2015 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. Exclusive worldwide distribution by CRC Press an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20141126 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-1700-7 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reason- able efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organiza- tion that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com For information about Apple Academic Press product http://www.appleacademicpress.com ABOUT THE EDITOR PETER D. VASH, MD, MPH Peter D. Vash, MD, MPH, FACE, Assistant Clinical Professor of Medi- cine at U.C.L.A. Medical Center and Fellow of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, is a board-certified internist specializing in endocrinology and metabolism and a Diplomat in Obesity Medicine. He is the past president of the American Society of Bariatric Physicians and served on the Board of the North American Society for the Study of Obe- sity (NASSO). Dr. Vash works in private practice with patients suffering from obesity and eating disorders and has lectured extensively nationally and internationally on the medical management and treatment of obesity. He has been an invited expert witness to speak before a Senate subcom- mittee and the FTC (US Federal Trade Commission) concerning medical weight-loss issues and the safety and impact of commercial weight-loss programs. He has written four books—The Fat to Muscle Diet, The Di- eter’s Dictionary, A Matter of Fat: A Physician’s Program, and Lose It and Keep It Off. He has served on the board of Shape Magazine, writing numerous articles regarding health, fitness and weight problems. Dr. Vash has worked closely in consultation with the media (TV, radio, print), aid- ing them with information and explanations of issues regarding obesity and eating disorders. He is currently the Executive Medical Director of the Lindora Medical Clinics, the largest and oldest medical weight-loss clinic in Southern California.. CONTENTS Acknowledgment and How to Cite ..................................................xi List of Contributors .........................................................................xv Introduction .................................................................................xxvii Part I: The Prevalence of Adolescent Obesity 1. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents: A Systematic Review ...................................................................................3 Maria del Mar Bibiloni, Antoni Pons, and Josep A. Tur Part II: Causes and Correlations 2. Television Viewing and Food Choice Patterns in a Sample of Predominantly Ethnic Minority Youth ...............................................29 Daheia J. Barr-Anderson, William J. McCarthy, Michelle Yore, Kajuandra A. Harris, and Antronette (Toni) K. Yancey 3. Later Bedtime is Associated with Greater Daily Energy Intake and Screen Time in Obese Adolescents Independent of Sleep Duration ......................................................................................37 Kristi B. Adamo, Shanna Wilson, Kevin Belanger, and Jean-Philippe Chaput 4. Infrequent Breakfast Consumption Is Associated with Higher Body Adiposity and Abdominal Obesity in Malaysian School-Aged Adolescents ................................................. 51 Abdullah Nurul-Fadhilah, Pey Sze Teo, Inge Huybrechts, and Leng Huat Foo 5. Relationship of Milk Intake and Physical Activity to Abdominal Obesity among Adolescents ............................................ 69 S. Abreu, R. Santos, C. Moreira, P. C. Santos, S. Vale, L. Soares-Miranda, R. Autran, J. Mota, and P. Moreira 6. The Effect of “Sleep High And Train Low” on Weight Loss in Overweight Chinese Adolescents: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial ...............................................................89 Ru Wang, Dongmei Liu, Xueqiang Wang, Weihua Xiao, Nana Wu, Binghong Gao, and Peijie Chen viii Contents 7. Waist-to-Height Ratio and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescence: Findings from a Prospective Birth Cohort................105 L. Graves, S. P. Garnett, C. T. Cowell, L. A. Baur, A. Ness, N. Sattar, and D. A. Lawlor 8. Neurobehavioural Correlates in Older Children and Adolescents with Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea ..........................................125 Evan Tan, Dione Healey, Elizabeth Schaughency, Patrick Dawes, and Barbara Galland Part III: Implications and Consequences 9. Weight Status and Weight-Management Behaviors Among Philadelphia High School Students, 2007–2011 ......................145 Clare M. Lenhart Katherine W. Bauer, and Freda Patterson 10. Fitness, Fatness, and Academic Performance in Seventh-Grade Elementary School Students ..................................................................163 Luís B. Sardinha, Adilson Marques, Sandra Martins, António Palmeira, and Cláudia Minderico 11. Physical Fitness, Overweight and the Risk of Eating Disorders in Adolescents. The AVENA and AFINOS Studies ..............................181 A. M. Veses, D. Martínez-Gómez, S. Gómez-Martínez, G. Vicente-Rodriguez, R. Castillo, F. B. Ortega, M. González-Gross, M. E. Calle, O. L. Veiga, A. Marcos, for the AVENA and AFINOS Study Groups 12. Adolescent Obesity, Joint Pain, and Hypermobility ............................195 Sharon Bout-Tabaku, Sarah B. Klieger, Brian H. Wrotniak, David D. Sherry, Babette S. Zemel, and Nicolas Stettler 13. FTO, Obesity and the Adolescent Brain ...............................................207 Melkaye G. Melka, Jesse Gillis, Manon Bernard, Michal Abrahamowicz, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Gabriel T. Leonard, Michel Perron, Louis Richer, Suzanne Veillette, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Christian Büchel, Patricia Conrod, Herta Flor, Andreas Heinz, Hugh Garavan, Rüdiger Brühl, Karl Mann, Eric Artiges, Anbarasu Lourdusamy, Mark Lathrop, Eva Loth,Yannick Schwartz, Vincent Frouin, Marcella Rietschel, Michael N. Smolka, Andreas Ströhle, Jürgen Gallinat, Maren Struve, Eva Lattka, Melanie Waldenberger, Gunter Schumann, Paul Pavlidis, Daniel Gaudet, Tomáš Paus, and Zdenka Pausova Contents ix Part IV: Considerations for Future Action 14. Changes in Adolescents’ Intake of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Sedentary Behavior: Results at 8 Month Mid-Way Assessment of The HEIA Study—A Comprehensive, Multi-Component School-Based Randomized Trial ...........................................................229 Mona Bjelland, Ingunn H. Bergh, May Grydeland, Knut-Inge Klepp, Lene F. Andersen, Sigmund A. Anderssen, Yngvar Ommundsen, and Nanna Lien 15. Averting Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in India through Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation: An Economic-Epidemiologic Modeling Study .......................................................................................251 Sanjay Basu, Sukumar Vellakkal, Sutapa Agrawal, David Stuckler, Barry Popkin, and Shah Ebrahim 16. Big Food, Food Systems, and Global Health ........................................283 David Stuckler and Marion Nestle Author Notes ....................................................................................................295 Index .................................................................................................................303
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