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The Complete Works of Aristotle (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 11) PDF

3159 Pages·2013·22.82 MB·English
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The Complete Works of ARISTOTLE (384 BC–322 BC) Please note: the corresponding Bekker numbers, the standard form of reference to works in the Corpus Aristotelicum, are provided with each title. Contents The Translations LOGIC Categories (1a) On Interpretation (16a) Prior Analytics (24a) Posterior Analytics (71a) Topics (100a) Sophistical Refutations (164a) PHYSICS Physics (184a) On the Heavens (268a) On Generation and Corruption (314a) Meteorology (338a) On the Universe (391a) On the Soul (402a) The Parva Naturalia Sense and Sensibilia (436a) On Memory (449b) On Sleep (453b) On Dreams (458a) On Divination in Sleep (462b) On Length and Shortness of Life (464b) On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration (467b) On Breath (481a) History of Animals (486a) Parts of Animals (639a) Movement of Animals (698a) Progression of Animals (704a) Generation of Animals (715a) On Colours (791a) On Things Heard (800a) Physiognomonics (805a) On Plants (815a) On Marvelous Things Heard (830a) Mechanics (847a) Problems (859a) On Indivisible Lines (968a) The Situations and Names of Winds (973a) On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias (974a) METAPHYSICS Metaphysics (980a) ETHICS AND POLITICS Nicomachean Ethics (1094a) Great Ethics (1181a) Eudemian Ethics (1214a) On Virtues and Vices (1249a) Politics (1252a) Economics (1343a) RHETORIC AND POETICS Rhetoric (1354a) Rhetoric to Alexander (1420a) Poetics (1447a) Constitution of the Athenians The Greek Texts PRONOUNCING ANCIENT GREEK LIST OF GREEK TEXTS The Biographies ARISTOTLE: LIVES OF THE EMINENT PHILOSOPHERS by Diogenes Laërtius ARISTOTLE by Elbert Hubbard ARISTOTLE by Charles McRae ARISTOTLE AND ANCIENT EDUCATIONAL IDEALS by Thomas Davidson ARISTOTLE by William MacGillivray © Delphi Classics 2013 Version 1 The Complete Works of ARISTOTLE By Delphi Classics, 2013 The Translations Stageira on the Chalkidiki peninsula — Aristotle’s birthplace LOGIC The depiction of Aristotle in the 1493 Nuremberg Chronicle. Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic and his conception was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th century advances in mathematical logic. Categories (1a) Translated by E. M. Edghill The purpose of this treatise is to enumerate all the possible kinds of things that can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition, covering some of the most discussed arguments of Aristotelian notions. Divided into fifteen chapters, the Κατηγορίαι places every object of human apprehension under one of ten categories (known to medieval writers as the Latin term praedicamenta). Aristotle intended them to enumerate everything that can be expressed without composition or structure, thus anything that can be either the subject or the predicate of a proposition. An understanding of Aristotle’s notion of logic is recommended before reading this work: The fundamental assumption behind the theory of logic is that propositions are composed of two terms – a “two-term theory” – and that the reasoning process is in turn built from propositions: The term is a part of speech representing something, but which is not true or false in its own right, such as “man” or “mortal”. The proposition consists of two terms, in which one term (the “predicate”) is “affirmed” or “denied” of the other (the “subject”), and which is capable of truth or falsity. The syllogism is an inference in which one proposition (the “conclusion”) follows of necessity from two others (the “premises”). A proposition may be universal or particular, and it may be affirmative or negative. Traditionally, the four kinds of propositions are: A-type: Universal and affirmative (“Every philosopher is mortal”) I-type: Particular and affirmative (“Some philosopher is mortal”) E-type: Universal and negative (“Every philosopher is immortal”) O-type: Particular and negative (“Some philosopher is immortal”) This was called the fourfold scheme of propositions.

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