The Complete Works of Aristotle (Delphi Ancient Classics Book 11)

3159 Pages·2013·22.82 MB·English

by  Aristotle

The Complete Works of
ARISTOTLE
(384 BC–322 BC)
Please note: the corresponding Bekker numbers, the standard form of reference to works in the Corpus Aristotelicum, are provided with each title.
Contents
The Translations
LOGIC
Categories (1a)
On Interpretation (16a)
Prior Analytics (24a)
Posterior Analytics (71a)
Topics (100a)
Sophistical Refutations (164a)
PHYSICS
Physics (184a)
On the Heavens (268a)
On Generation and Corruption (314a)
Meteorology (338a)
On the Universe (391a)
On the Soul (402a)
The Parva Naturalia
Sense and Sensibilia (436a)
On Memory (449b)
On Sleep (453b)
On Dreams (458a)
On Divination in Sleep (462b)
On Length and Shortness of Life (464b)
On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration (467b)
On Breath (481a)
History of Animals (486a)
Parts of Animals (639a)
Movement of Animals (698a)
Progression of Animals (704a)
Generation of Animals (715a)
On Colours (791a)
On Things Heard (800a)
Physiognomonics (805a)
On Plants (815a)
On Marvelous Things Heard (830a)
Mechanics (847a)
Problems (859a)
On Indivisible Lines (968a)
The Situations and Names of Winds (973a)
On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias (974a)
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics (980a)
ETHICS AND POLITICS
Nicomachean Ethics (1094a)
Great Ethics (1181a)
Eudemian Ethics (1214a)
On Virtues and Vices (1249a)
Politics (1252a)
Economics (1343a)
RHETORIC AND POETICS
Rhetoric (1354a)
Rhetoric to Alexander (1420a)
Poetics (1447a)
Constitution of the Athenians
The Greek Texts
PRONOUNCING ANCIENT GREEK
LIST OF GREEK TEXTS
The Biographies
ARISTOTLE: LIVES OF THE EMINENT PHILOSOPHERS by Diogenes
Laërtius
ARISTOTLE by Elbert Hubbard
ARISTOTLE by Charles McRae
ARISTOTLE AND ANCIENT EDUCATIONAL IDEALS by Thomas
Davidson
ARISTOTLE by William MacGillivray
© Delphi Classics 2013
Version 1
The Complete Works of
ARISTOTLE
By Delphi Classics, 2013
The Translations
Stageira on the Chalkidiki peninsula — Aristotle’s birthplace
LOGIC
The depiction of Aristotle in the 1493 Nuremberg Chronicle. Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of
formal logic and his conception was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th century advances in
mathematical logic.
Categories
(1a)
Translated by E. M. Edghill
The purpose of this treatise is to enumerate all the possible kinds of things that
can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition, covering some of the most
discussed arguments of Aristotelian notions. Divided into fifteen chapters, the
Κατηγορίαι places every object of human apprehension under one of ten
categories (known to medieval writers as the Latin term praedicamenta).
Aristotle intended them to enumerate everything that can be expressed without
composition or structure, thus anything that can be either the subject or the
predicate of a proposition.
An understanding of Aristotle’s notion of logic is recommended before reading
this work:
The fundamental assumption behind the theory of logic is that propositions are
composed of two terms – a “two-term theory” – and that the reasoning process is
in turn built from propositions:
The term is a part of speech representing something, but which is not true
or false in its own right, such as “man” or “mortal”.
The proposition consists of two terms, in which one term (the “predicate”)
is “affirmed” or “denied” of the other (the “subject”), and which is capable
of truth or falsity.
The syllogism is an inference in which one proposition (the “conclusion”)
follows of necessity from two others (the “premises”).
A proposition may be universal or particular, and it may be affirmative or
negative. Traditionally, the four kinds of propositions are:
A-type: Universal and affirmative (“Every philosopher is mortal”)
I-type: Particular and affirmative (“Some philosopher is mortal”)
E-type: Universal and negative (“Every philosopher is immortal”)
O-type: Particular and negative (“Some philosopher is immortal”)
This was called the fourfold scheme of propositions.